Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science (한국산림과학회지)

Korean Society of Forest Science (한국산림과학회)
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Floristic Composition, Structure, and Dynamics of Koelreuteria paniculata Communities in Daegu City

대구시 자생 모감주나무군락의 종조성, 구조 및 동태

  • Received : 2019.02.12
  • Accepted : 2019.05.07
  • Published : 2019.06.30
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Abstract

To understand the floristic composition, vegetation structure, and population dynamics of Koelreuteria paniculata communities, which are native to Daegu, South Korea, a field survey was conducted in July 2018 using phytosociological and complete enumeration methods. Based on information on vegetation and trees of >5 cm diameter at breast height collected during the field survey, we classified the community types by species composition and analyzed their vegetation strata, relative importance value (MIV), life forms, species diversity, and population structure. The community was divided into the following three types: Ulmus parvifolia-Vitex negundo var. incisa subcommunity, Securinega suffruticosa subcommunity, and Clematis apiifolia community. The vegetation unit system was organized into one community group, two communities, and two subcommunities. Vegetation coverage of the tree layer was >85%, while the herbaceous layer was <10%. MIV of K. paniculata appeared to be extremely high within all vegetation strata, with 94.3 of the tree layer, 81.6 of the subtree layer, 75.5 of the shrub layer, and 60.0 of the herbaceous layer. The species diversity (H') was significantly different among the community types, and the C. apiifolia community (2.062) was approximately four times higher than the S. suffruticosa subcommunity (0.547). The overall representative life form types were "$MM-R_5-D_4{\cdot}D_2-e$,", but there were some differences in the disseminule form among the community types. The population structure of K. paniculata showed the reverse J-shaped distribution with a high density of young individuals and low density of larger individuals among all three community types, and because no plant species within the lower vegetation could replace K. paniculata, it was considered to be a sustainable population.

대구광역시에 자생하고 있는 모감주나무군락의 종조성과 구조 그리고 개체군 동태를 파악하기 위하여 2018년 7월에 자생 임분 3곳을 선정하여 식물사회학적 식생조사와 매목조사를 실시하였다. 야외에서 수집된 식생 및 매목조사 정보를 바탕으로 종조성에 의한 군락 유형을 구분하고 그 유형별 계층구조, 구성 종의 상대 중요치, 생활형 조성, 종다양성, 그리고 개체군 구조 등을 분석, 비교하였다. 군락 유형은 참느릅나무-좀목형아군락, 광대싸리아군락, 그리고 사위질빵군락 등 3개 유형이 구분되고 그 식생단위체계는 1개 군락군, 2개 군락, 그리고 2개 아군락으로 정리되었다. 계층구조는 교목층의 높은 식피율(85% 이상)에 비하여 초본층은 10%이하로 매우 낮은 경향이었다. 구성종의 상대중요치(MIV)는 교목층 94.3, 아교목층 81.6, 관목층 75.5, 그리고 초본층 60.0으로 모든 식생 층위에서 모감주나무가 절대적으로 높게 나타났다. 종다양도(H')는 군락 유형 간 큰 차이가 있었는데 사위질빵군락(2.062)이 광대싸리아군락(0.547)에 비해 약 4배정도 높게 나타났다. 생활형 조성의 중심체계(휴면형-지하기관형-산포기관형-생육형)는 전체적으로 '$MM-R_5-D_4{\cdot}D_2-e$'로 나타났으나 군락 유형 간에는 산포기관형에 있어서 다소 차이를 보였다. 모감주나무군락의 개체군 구조는 3개 군락 유형에서 모두 어린 개체의 밀도가 높고 크기가 큰 개체의 밀도가 낮은 역J자형의 모양을 나타내고 현재의 하층식생을 구성하고 있는 식물 중 모감주나무 개체군을 대체할 만한 식물종이 없으므로 지속적 유지가 가능한 개체군으로 판단되었다.

Keywords

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Figure 1. Location of the study area and distribution of the sites.

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Figure 2. Canopy profiles of Koelreuteria paniculata communities in Daegu city. The letters A, B, and C in parentheses represent community typeⅠ-A-1(Geomdan), community type Ⅰ-A-2(Bongmu), and community type Ⅰ-B(Naegog), respectively. The height of the horizontal bars represents the average span of canopy height and the length of each bar represents the total cover by all species in the height range.

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Figure 3. Proportion of life forms based on number of vascular plants occurred in three Koelreuteria paniculata community types in Daegu city.

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Figure 4. Size class distribution of trees for three Koelreuteria paniculata community types in Daegu city. Diameter class categories by 2.5 cm intervals for all trees greater than 5 cm dbh.

Table 1. Floristic composition table of Koelreuteria paniculata communities in Daegu city.

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Table 2. Mean importance value(MIV) of major species by vegetation strata in three Koelreuteria paniculata community types in Daegu city.

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Table 3. Species richness and diversity indices of three Koelreuteria paniculata community types in Daegu city.

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