Journal of the Society of Disaster Information (한국재난정보학회 논문집)

The Korean Society of Disaster Information (한국재난정보학회)
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A Review on Disaster Response through Critical Discourse Analysis of Newspaper Articles - Focused on the November 2017 Pohang Earthquake

신문기사의 비판적 담론분석을 통한 재난대응에 대한 고찰 - 2017년 11월 '포항지진'을 중심으로

  • Lee, Yeseul (Interdisciplinary Program of Social Economy, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Jeon, HyeSook (Center for Climate/Environment Change Prediction Research, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Lee, Kwonmin (Center for Climate/Environment Change Prediction Research, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Min, Baehyun (Department of Climate and Energy Systems Engineering, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Choi, Yong-Sang (Center for Climate/Environment Change Prediction Research, Ewha Womans University)
  • Received : 2019.03.13
  • Accepted : 2019.05.29
  • Published : 2019.06.28
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Abstract

Purpose: This study aims at exploring implications of discourse and social practice produced by various stakeholders in politics, economy and society to provide useful material for effective disaster response in South Korea. Method: Applying the Critical Discourse Analysis model of Fairclough, this study analyzes the newspaper articles of three domestic press companies mainly about the November 2017 Pohang earthquake. Results: As a result, first, the three media companies point out the low effectiveness of disaster response manuals and evacuation training. Second, strengthening shelter services and expanding support for the victims are important for recovery from the earthquake. Third, to prevent the future damages, they suggest the implementation efforts to improve the seismic design and short message service based disaster alert system. Conclusion: Based on the findings, this study suggests to improve the practicality and effectiveness of disaster prevention measures, establish an organic and integrated disaster response system, emphasize the roles and participation of citizens, check the responsibility of experts, and make the media to form sound discourse on disaster response.

연구목적: 본 논문은 재난의 복잡다단한 맥락을 구성하는 정치 경제 사회의 다양한 이해관계자들이 생성해내는 담론과 사회적 실천의 함의를 파악하여 국내의 효율적 재난대응 방안 모색을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다. 연구방법: 페어클로(Fairclough)의 비판적 담론분석(Critical Discourse Analysis) 모델을 적용하여 국내 대표적인 세 일간지에 실린 2017년 11월 포항지진 관련 신문기사를 분석하였다. 연구결과: 담론분석 결과, 첫째, 세 언론사에서는 지진 발생 이후 대응의 측면에서 재난대응 매뉴얼과 대피훈련의 낮은 실효성을 지적하였다. 둘째, 지진피해 복구 측면에서 대피소 서비스 강화와 이재민 지원 확대의 필요성을 강조하였다. 셋째, 내진설계 강화 및 문자알림 서비스 질 향상 등 향후 피해를 미연에 방지하기 위한 실천 노력을 제시하였다. 결론: 본 연구에서는 효과적인 국내 재난대응을 위하여 재난 예방 대책의 현실성 실효성 제고, 유기적이고 통합적인 재난대응체계 마련, 시민의 역할과 참여 강조, 전문가 집단의 책임감 및 이에 대한 견제, 재난대응 관련 건전한 담론형성을 위한 미디어의 역할을 제안하였다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Trends in aftershock after 2017 Pohang earthquake, 149 aftershocks occurred in one day after main event

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Fig. 2. Fairclough's model of critical discourse analysis

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Fig. 3. Ratio of newspaper article types

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Fig. 4. Search results for headline keyword

Table 1. Step2 Analysis of discourse practice

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Table 1. Step2 Analysis of discourse practice (Continue)

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Table 1. Step2 Analysis of discourse practice (Continue)

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Table 2. Classification of subjects by prevention, experience, restoration in terms of disaster damage

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