Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health

  • 제52권3호
  • /
  • Pages.188-194
  • /
  • 2019
  • /
  • 1975-8375(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2233-4521(eISSN)
대한예방의학회 (The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Incidence of Scarlet Fever in Children in Jeju Province, Korea, 2002-2016: An Age-period-cohort Analysis

  • 투고 : 2018.12.13
  • 심사 : 2019.04.02
  • 발행 : 2019.05.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Objectives: Outbreaks of scarlet fever in Mexico in 1999, Hong Kong and mainland China in 2011, and England in 2014-2016 have received global attention, and the number of notified cases in Korean children, including in Jeju Province, has also increased since 2010. To identify relevant hypotheses regarding this emerging outbreak, an age-period-cohort (APC) analysis of scarlet fever incidence was conducted among children in Jeju Province, Korea. Methods: This study analyzed data from the nationwide insurance claims database administered by the Korean National Health Insurance Service. The inclusion criteria were children aged ${\leq}14years$ residing in Jeju Province, Korea who received any form of healthcare for scarlet fever from 2002 to 2016. The age and year variables were categorized into 5 groups, respectively. After calculating the crude incidence rate (CIR) for age and calendar year groups, the intrinsic estimator (IE) method was applied to conduct the APC analysis. Results: In total, 2345 cases were identified from 2002 to 2016. Scarlet fever was most common in the 0-2 age group, and boys presented more cases than girls. Since the CIR decreased with age between 2002 and 2016, the age and period effect decreased in all observed years. The IE coefficients suggesting a cohort effect shifted from negative to positive in 2009. Conclusions: The results suggest that the recent outbreak of scarlet fever among children in Jeju Province might be explained through the cohort effect. As children born after 2009 showed a higher risk of scarlet fever, further descriptive epidemiological studies are needed.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Walker MJ, Barnett TC, McArthur JD, Cole JN, Gillen CM, Henningham A, et al. Disease manifestations and pathogenic mechanisms of group A Streptococcus. Clin Microbiol Rev 2014;27(2):264-301. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00101-13
  2. Lee H. Outbreak investigation of scarlet fever in a kindergarten. Infect Chemother 2018;50(1):65-66. https://doi.org/10.3947/ic.2018.50.1.65
  3. Carapetis JR, Steer AC, Mulholland EK, Weber M. The global burden of group A streptococcal diseases. Lancet Infect Dis 2005;5(11):685-694. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(05)70267-X
  4. Park S, Cho E. National Infectious Diseases Surveillance data of South Korea. Epidemiol Health 2014;36:e2014030. https://doi.org/10.4178/epih/e2014030
  5. Kim JH, Cheong HK. Increasing number of scarlet fever cases, South Korea, 2011-2016. Emerg Infect Dis 2018;24(1):172-173. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2401.171027
  6. Henningham A, Barnett TC, Maamary PG, Walker MJ. Pathogenesis of group A streptococcal infections. Discov Med 2012;13(72):329-342.
  7. Choi JH, Yang NR, Lee WJ, Lee H, Choi EH, Lee HJ. Distribution of emm types among group A Streptococcus isolates from children in Korea. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2015;82(1):26-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2015.01.002
  8. Perea-Mejia LM, Inzunza-Montiel AE, Cravioto A. Molecular characterization of group A Streptococcus strains isolated during a scarlet fever outbreak. J Clin Microbiol 2002;40(1):278-280. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.40.1.278-280.2002
  9. Hsieh YC, Huang YC. Scarlet fever outbreak in Hong Kong, 2011. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2011;44(6):409-411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2011.07.003
  10. Lee CF, Cowling BJ, Lau EH. Epidemiology of reemerging scarlet fever, Hong Kong, 2005-2015. Emerg Infect Dis 2017;23(10):1707-1710. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2310.161456
  11. Chen M, Yao W, Wang X, Li Y, Chen M, Wang G, et al. Outbreak of scarlet fever associated with emm12 type group A Streptococcus in 2011 in Shanghai, China. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2012;31(9):e158-e162. https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0b013e31825874f3
  12. Yang P, Peng X, Zhang D, Wu S, Liu Y, Cui S, et al. Characteristics of group A Streptococcus strains circulating during scarlet fever epidemic, Beijing, China, 2011. Emerg Infect Dis 2013;19(6):909-915. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1906.121020
  13. Guy R, Williams C, Irvine N, Reynolds A, Coelho J, Saliba V, et al. Increase in scarlet fever notifications in the United Kingdom, 2013/2014. Euro Surveill 2014;19(12):20749.
  14. Lamagni T, Guy R, Chand M, Henderson KL, Chalker V, Lewis J, et al. Resurgence of scarlet fever in England, 2014-16: a population-based surveillance study. Lancet Infect Dis 2018;18(2):180-187. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30693-X
  15. Tsoi SK, Smeesters PR, Frost HR, Licciardi P, Steer AC. Correlates of protection for M protein-based vaccines against group A Streptococcus. J Immunol Res 2015;2015:167089. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/167089
  16. Yan JJ, Liu CC, Ko WC, Hsu SY, Wu HM, Lin YS, et al. Molecular analysis of group A streptococcal isolates associated with scarlet fever in southern Taiwan between 1993 and 2002. J Clin Microbiol 2003;41(10):4858-4861. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.41.10.4858-4861.2003
  17. Tse H, Bao JY, Davies MR, Maamary P, Tsoi HW, Tong AH, et al. Molecular characterization of the 2011 Hong Kong scarlet fever outbreak. J Infect Dis 2012;206(3):341-351. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jis362
  18. Davies MR, Holden MT, Coupland P, Chen JH, Venturini C, Barnett TC, et al. Emergence of scarlet fever Streptococcus pyogenes emm12 clones in Hong Kong is associated with toxin acquisition and multidrug resistance. Nat Genet 2015;47(1):84-87. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.3147
  19. You Y, Davies MR, Protani M, McIntyre L, Walker MJ, Zhang J. Scarlet fever epidemic in China caused by Streptococcus pyogenes serotype M12: epidemiologic and molecular analysis. EBioMedicine 2018;28:128-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.01.010
  20. Wong SS, Yuen KY. Streptococcus pyogenes and re-emergence of scarlet fever as a public health problem. Emerg Microbes Infect 2012;1(7):e2. https://doi.org/10.1038/emi.2012.9
  21. Park DW, Kim SH, Park JW, Kim MJ, Cho SJ, Park HJ, et al. Incidence and characteristics of scarlet fever, South Korea, 2008-2015. Emerg Infect Dis 2017;23(4):658-661. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2304.160773
  22. Ryu S, Chun BC. Investigation of scarlet fever outbreak in a kindergarten. Infect Chemother 2018;50(1):38-42. https://doi.org/10.3947/ic.2018.50.1.38
  23. Korea Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention. Guidelines for scarlet fever prevention and control 2017 [cited 2019 Feb 19]. Available from: http://www.cdc.go.kr/CDC/together/CdcKrTogether0302.jsp?menuIds=HOME006-MNU2804-MNU3027-MNU2979&cid=138052 (Korean).
  24. Korea Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention. Report of explanation of measles and scarlet fever; 2016 Dec 26 [cited 2019 Feb 19]. Available from: http://www.cdc.go.kr/CDC/notice/CdcKrIntro0201.jsp?menuIds=HOME006-MNU2804-MNU2937&cid=72443 (Korean).
  25. Kim MN, Han YJ, Yang DH, Bae JM. Status of national notifialbe infectious diseases in Jejudo, Korea: 2010-2017. J Med Life Sci 2017;12(2):51-56 (Korean).
  26. Kim J, Kim JE, Bae JM. Incidence of varicella in children in Jejudo, Korea, 2005-2016: age-period-cohort analysis. Epidemiol Health 2018;40:e2018054. https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2018054
  27. Yang Y, Schulhofer-Wohl S, Fu WJ, Land KC. The intrinsic estimator for age-period-cohort analysis: what it is and how to use it. Am J Sociol 2008;113(6):1697-1736. https://doi.org/10.1086/587154
  28. Clayton D, Schifflers E. Models for temporal variation in cancer rates. II: age-period-cohort models. Stat Med 1987;6(4):469-481. https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.4780060406
  29. Zhang Q, Liu W, Ma W, Shi Y, Wu Y, Li Y, et al. Spatiotemporal epidemiology of scarlet fever in Jiangsu Province, China, 2005-2015. BMC Infect Dis 2017;17(1):596. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-017-2681-5
  30. Mahara G, Wang C, Huo D, Xu Q, Huang F, Tao L, et al. Spatiotemporal pattern analysis of scarlet fever incidence in Beijing, China, 2005-2014. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2016;13(1):E131. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13010131
  31. Zhang Q, Liu W, Ma W, Zhang L, Shi Y, Wu Y, et al. Impact of meteorological factors on scarlet fever in Jiangsu province, China. Public Health 2018;161:59-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2018.02.021
  32. Liu Y, Chan TC, Yap LW, Luo Y, Xu W, Qin S, et al. Resurgence of scarlet fever in China: a 13-year population-based surveillance study. Lancet Infect Dis 2018;18(8):903-912. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30231-7
  33. Czarkowski MP, Kondej B, Staszewska E. Scarlet fever in Poland in 2011. Przegl Epidemiol 2013;67(2):203-206.
  34. Chiou CS, Wang YW, Chen PL, Wang WL, Wu PF, Wei HL. Association of the shuffling of Streptococcus pyogenes clones and the fluctuation of scarlet fever cases between 2000 and 2006 in central Taiwan. BMC Microbiol 2009;9:115. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2180-9-115
  35. Yoo HS, Park O, Park HK, Lee EG, Jeong EK, Lee JK, et al. Timeliness of national notifiable diseases surveillance system in Korea: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2009;9:93. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-9-93
  36. Basetti S, Hodgson J, Rawson TM, Majeed A. Scarlet fever: a guide for general practitioners. London J Prim Care (Abingdon) 2017;9(5):77-79. https://doi.org/10.1080/17571472.2017.1365677
  37. Choby BA. Diagnosis and treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis. Am Fam Physician 2009;79(5):383-390.
  38. Garcia-Vera C, de Dios Javierre B, Castan Larraz B, Arana Navarro T, Cenarro Guerrero T, Ruiz Pastora R, et al. Scarlet fever: a not so typical exanthematous pharyngotonsillitis (based on 171 cases). Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2016;34(7):422-426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eimc.2015.09.010
  39. Czarkowski MP, Staszewska E, Kondej B. Scarlet fever in Poland in 2013. Przegl Epidemiol 2015;69(2):223-227.

피인용 문헌

  1. Analysis of Epidemiological Characteristics of Scarlet Fever in Zhejiang Province, China, 2004-2018 vol.16, pp.18, 2019, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16183454