A Study on the Analysis of Disaster Prevention Characteristics According to the Surrounding Environments of State-designated Cultural Properties in Gyeongsangnam-do and Gyeongsangbuk-do Provinces

경상남·북도 국가지정 중요목조문화재 주변 환경에 따른 방재특성 분석 연구

Abstract

Purpose: This study intends to determine how disaster prevention characteristics of important state-designated wooden cultural properties in Gyeongsangnam-do vary according to the surrounding environments and to examine disaster prevention measures for wooden cultural properties that fit their surrounding environments accordingly. Method: The designation status and characteristics of cultural properties in Gyeongsangnam-do and Gyeongsangbuk-do were identified, and the damage status of cultural properties in Gyeongsangnam-do and Gyeongsangbuk-do was reviewed based on the history of disasters. Also, the disaster prevention environments for 58 state-designated wooden cultural properties in Gyeongsangnam-do and Gyeongsangbuk-do were analyzed separately into mountainous area, rural area and urban area, topographic characteristics were drawn. Results: For cultural properties located in urban areas, it was found that security guards were arranged properly and disaster prevention training was carried out well. In addition, access condition to the cultural properties was adequate; prompt access to such properties was possible. In rural areas, flame retardant works have been undertaken properly and many cultural properties were found to be located on a flat ground. Mountainous areas had highly inadequate access condition to cultural properties and disasters occurred most frequently in these areas in the past. Conclution: First, for wooden cultural properties located in urban areas, it is necessary to secure the self-defense fire service manpower for an initial response and reinforce the disaster prevention education. Second, for wooden cultural properties located in rural areas, prevention projects such as insect control project and disaster prevention insurance should be carried out in order to protect the cultural properties. Third, as for wooden cultural properties located in mountainous areas, it is necessary to prepare establish to reinforce self-response capability.

연구목적 : 본 연구는 경상남북도의 국가지정 중요목조문화재 주변 환경에 따라 방재특성이 어떻게 다른지를 파악하고 이를 바탕으로 문화재 주변 환경에 맞는 목조문화재 방재대책을 검토하고자 한다. 연구방법 : 연구를 위해 경상남도와 경상북도에 있는 문화재 지정 현황 및 특성을 파악하고 재난이력을 통하여 경상남도 및 경상북도에 있는 문화재의 피해 현황을 검토하였다. 또한 경상남도와 경상북도에 있는 국가지정 중요목조문화재 58개소를 대상으로 주변 환경에 따라 산악, 농촌, 도시지역으로 나누어 방재특성을 분석하였다. 연구결과 : 도시지역에 위치한 문화재는 안전경비인력의 배치가 적절했고 방재훈련이 잘 이루어지고 있었으며 진입여건은 신속하게 진입할 수 있었다. 농촌지역은 방염사업이 잘 실시되어 있었고 평탄한 곳에 위치한 문화재가 많았다. 산악지역은 진입여건이 타 지역에 좋지 않았으며 과거 재난 발생이력도 가장 많았다. 결론 :첫째, 도시지역의 목조문화재 경우 초기 대응을 위한 자위소방대 배치인력 확보 및 방재교육을 강화해야 한다. 둘째, 농촌지역의 목조문화재 경우 문화재 보호를 위한 방충사업, 방재보험 등의 예방사업을 실시해야 한다. 셋째, 산악지역의 목조문화재 경우 자체적인 대응역량을 강화하기 위한 방안을 마련해야 한다.

Fig. 1. Security officer placement status for cultural properties

Fig. 3. Self-defense fire department organization status for cultural properties by area

Fig. 5. Number of disaster drill for cultural properties by area(1 year)

Fig. 7. Access time from fire station to a cultural property by area

Fig. 9. Slope status of fire engine access roads for cultural properties by area

Fig. 11. Non-smoking area sign installation rate for cultural properties by area

Fig. 13. Flame-retardant installation rate for cultural properties by area

Fig. 2. Average age of security officers for cultural properties by area

Fig. 4. Number of disaster prevention education for cultural properties by area(1 year)

Fig. 6. Access distance from a fire station to a cultural property by area

Fig. 8. Paving rate for fire engine access roads for cultural properties by area

Fig. 10. Disaster prevention insurance subscription status for cultural properties by area

Fig. 12. Bug-proof installation rate for cultural properties by area

Fig. 14. Disaster occurrence status for cultural properties by area(prior to 2016)

Table 1. Status of Cultural Properties in Gyeongsangnam-do and Gyeongsangbuk-do by type

Table 2. Damage Status of Cultural Properties by Region (1936~2013)

Table 3. The current status of damages to cultural properties resulting from earthquakes in Gyeong-ju by each region and by state designation

Table 4. Classification of Characteristic Surrounding Environment in Important State-designated Wooden Cultural Properties

Table 5. Summary of Actual Condition Survey