Journal of the Korea Convergence Society (한국융합학회논문지)

Korea Convergence Society (한국융합학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Convergence study on the change of cognitive function through the intentional finger movement

의식적 손가락 움직임이 인지기능 변화에 미치는 융합연구

  • Kim, Kyung-Yoon (Dept. of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Welfare, Dongshin University) ;
  • Bae, Seahyun (Dept. of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Welfare, Dongshin University)
  • Received : 2019.03.28
  • Accepted : 2019.05.20
  • Published : 2019.05.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study was to investigate the effect of eye movement and intentional finger movement on cognitive ability. Normal adult subjects were randomly divided into two groups: saccadic eye movement(SEM) and intentional finger movement(IFM). After 2 weeks of intervention, Digit span was used for short-term memory test and N-back was used for working memory test. As a result, the short-term memory of the IFM group increased significantly over time, and the follow-up test showed difference between group. The IFM group's the execution time, the error count and the accuracy rate of n-back item showed significant effects over time. The SEM group's the execution time and the accuracy of n-back item showed significant effects over time. In conclusion, the IFM method, which is a multiple stimulus that can activate the cerebral cortex more extensively than the single stimulus SEM, may be more useful as an intervention method of cognitive function improvement.

본 연구는 정상 성인을 무작위로 급속안구움직임(saccadic eye movement, SEM)군과 의식적손가락움직임(intentional finger movement, IFM) 군으로 구분하여 2주 동안 중재를 실시한 후 숫자외우기 검사와 n-back 검사를 사용하여 인지기능의 변화를 알아보았다. 그 결과 IFM군의 단기기억은 시간이 지날수록 유의하게 상승하였으며, 추적 검사에서는 군간 차이를 나타내었다. IFM군의 n-back은 수행시간, 오류횟수, 정확률에서 시간이 지날수록 유의한 효과를 나타내었다. SEM군의 n-back은 수행시간과 정확률에서 시간이 지날수록 유의한 효과를 나타내었다. 결론적으로 인지기능 향상에는 단일 자극인 SEM보다 대뇌겉질을 광범위하게 활성화 시킬 수 있는 다중 자극인 IFM 방법이 인지기능 향상의 중재 방법으로 더 유용할 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

OHHGBW_2019_v10n5_95_f0002.png 이미지

Fig. 1. Saccadic eye movement

OHHGBW_2019_v10n5_95_f0003.png 이미지

Fig. 2. Intentional finger movement

OHHGBW_2019_v10n5_95_f0004.png 이미지

Fig. 3. The n-back working memory task.

Table 1. The general characteristics of subjects

OHHGBW_2019_v10n5_95_t0001.png 이미지

Table 2. The change of Digit span on short-term memory

OHHGBW_2019_v10n5_95_t0002.png 이미지

Table 3. The change of 1-back on working memory

OHHGBW_2019_v10n5_95_t0003.png 이미지

Table 4. The change of 2-back on working memory

OHHGBW_2019_v10n5_95_t0004.png 이미지

Table 5. The change of 3-back on working memory

OHHGBW_2019_v10n5_95_t0005.png 이미지

References

  1. National Health Insurance Service. (2013). Fight with my memory. Ministry of Health and Welfare. http://www.mohw.go.kr/react/al/sal0301vw.jsp?PAR_MENU_ID=04&MENU_ID=0403&CONT_SEQ=285582&page=1
  2. Ministry of Health and Welfare. (2018). Korean Dementia Observatory. Seongnam: National Institute of Dementia.
  3. I. McDowell. (2001). Alzheimer's disease: insights from epidemiology. Aging (Milano), 13(3), 143-162.
  4. H. J. Lee, J. W. Lee & J. Y. Lee. (2015). Family caregiver's burden for the elderly with dementia : moderating effects of social support. Journal of Institute for Social Sciences, 26(1), 345-367. DOI : 10.16881/jss.2015.01.26.1.345
  5. Baddeley, A., & Hitch, G. (1974). Working memory. In G. A. Bower (Ed.), Recent advances in learning and motivation, 8, (pp. 47-90). New York: Academic Press.
  6. P. Muller et al. (2017). Evolution of neuroplasticity in response to physical activity in old age: the case for dancing. Front Aging Neurosci, 9(56). DOI : 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00056
  7. K. R. Crafton, A. N. Mark & S. C. Cramer. (2003). Improved understanding of cortical injury by incorporating measures of functional anatomy. Brain, 126(7), 1650-1659. DOI : 10.1093/brain/awg159
  8. L. H. Eggermont, D. L. Knol, E. M. Hol, D. F. Swaab & E. J. Scherder. (2009). Hand motor activity, cognition, mood, and the rest-activity rhythm in dementia: a clustered RCT. Behavioural brain research, 196(2), 271-278. DOI : 10.1016/j.bbr.2008.09.012
  9. M. R. MacAskill & T. J. Anderson. (2016). Eye movements in neurodegenerative diseases. Current opinion in neurology, 29(1), 61-68. DOI : 10.1097/WCO.0000000000000274
  10. N. Noiret, B. Vigneron, M. Diogo, P. Vandel & E. Laurent. (2017). Saccadic eye movements: what do they tell us about aging cognition?. Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition, 24(5), 575-599. DOI : 10.1080/13825585.2016.1237613
  11. S. P. Liversedge & J. M. Findlay. (2000). Saccadic eye movements and cognition. Trends in cognitive sciences, 4(1), 6-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(99)01418-7
  12. S. Stuart, B. Galna, S. Lord & L. Rochester. (2016). A protocol to examine vision and gait in Parkinson's disease: impact of cognition and response to visual cues. F1000Research, 4, 1379. DOI : 10.12688/f1000research.7320.2
  13. Alzheimer's Association, UK (2005). "Younger people with dementia" - Alzheimer's Society -dementia care and research.
  14. T. A. Rosness, M. L. Barca & K. Engedal. (2010). Occurrence of depression and its correlates in early onset dementia patients. International journal of geriatric psychiatry, 25(7), 704-711. DOI : 10.1002/gps.2411
  15. A. Arai, T. Matsumoto, M. Ikeda & Y. Arai. (2007). Do family caregivers perceive more difficulty when they look after patients with early onset dementia compared to those with late onset dementia?. International journal of geriatric psychiatry, 22(12), 1255-1261. DOI : 10.1002/gps.1935
  16. N. Noiret et al. (2018). Saccadic Eye Movements and Attentional Control in Alzheimer's Disease. Archives of clinical neuropsychology, 33(1), 1-13. DOI : 10.1093/arclin/acx044
  17. M. Buschkuehl, M. Jaeggi & S. M. Jonides J. (2012). Neuronal effects following working memory training. Developmental cognitive neuroscience, 2(1), 167-179. DOI : 10.1016/j.dcn.2011.10.001
  18. R. W. Engle, S. W. Tuholski, J. E. Laughlin & A. R. A. Conway. (1999). Working memory, short-term memory, and general fluid intelligence: a latent-variable approach. Journal of experimental psychology. General, 128(3), 309-331. DOI : 10.1037/0096-3445.128.3.309
  19. G. A. MILLER. (1956). The magical number seven plus or minus two: some limits on our capacity for processing information. Psychological review, 63(2), 81-97. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0043158
  20. A. Baddeley. (2000). The episodic buffer: a new component of working memory?. Trends in cognitive sciences, 4(11), 417-423. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01538-2
  21. S. E. Gathercole & T. P. Alloway. (2006). Practitioner review: short-term and working memory impairments in neurodevelopmental disorders: diagnosis and remedial support. Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines, 47(1), 4-15. DOI : 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01446.x
  22. M. A. Just & P. A. Carpenter. (1992). A capacity theory of comprehension: individual differences in working memory. Psychological review, 99(1), 122-149. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.99.1.122
  23. S. Patuzzo, A. Fiaschi & P. Manganotti. (2003). Modulation of motor cortex excitability in the left hemisphere during action observation: a single- and paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation study of self- and non-self-action observation. Neuropsychologia, 41(9), 1272-1278. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0028-3932(02)00293-2
  24. I. Indovina & J. N. Sanes. (2001). Combined visual attention and finger movement effects on human brain representations. Experimental brain research, 140(3), 265-279. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002210100796
  25. S. Molholm, W. Ritter, D. C. Javitt & J. J. Foxe. (2004). Multisensory visual-auditory object recognition in humans: a high-density electrical mapping study. Cerebral cortex, 14(4), 452-465. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhh007