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A Study on the Risk Factors according to the Frequency of Falling Accidents in Construction Sites

건설현장 추락재해의 발생 빈도에 따른 위험요인 연구

  • Kim, Do-Su (Department of Architectural Engineering, Graduate School, Kyonggi University) ;
  • Shin, Yoon-Seok (Department of Architectural Engineering, Kyonggi University)
  • Received : 2019.01.13
  • Accepted : 2019.02.20
  • Published : 2019.04.20

Abstract

Construction has been well known as the industry in which accidents occur more often than other industries. The efforts to eliminate the accidents at construction sites need to be continuously conducted because they tend to cause the social problems such as massive loss of life and property. According to the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency (KOSHA), 26,570 (29.3 percent) out of 90,656 workers in total industrial accidents have been occurred in the construction industry in 2016. Particularly, the falling victims are the largest number, which is about 8,699. This number is increasing due to the increase of the large scale, high-rise, and complex construction structures and the various construction methods. In reality, there is a lack of analysis on the risk factors of safety accidents and preventive measures. Therefore, in this study, we have selected risk factors by analyzing the accident cases at construction sites. Based on the results, we conducted a safety practitioner-focused survey and had an interview with safety managers. In analyzing the cases, we have categorized them into three groups such as upper, middle, and lower and compared their statistical results. This study are expected to provide safety management guidelines with workers and safety managers to prevent previously fall accidents at construction site.

건설업은 재해자가 가장 많이 발생하는 산업중 하나이며, 특히 추락에 대한 재해가 다른 타 산업에 비해 더 많이 일어나는 산업이다. 건설현장에서의 건설재해는 막대한 인명피해와 재산손실로 인한 사회적 문제로 이어지기 때문에 더 각별한 주의를 기울일 필요가 있다. 안전보건공단에 따르면 2016년 전체 산업재해자수 90,656명 중 26,570명(29.3%)이 건설업에서 발생하였으며, 그 중 추락재해자수가 8,699명으로 가장 많았다. 이처럼 추락재해가 건설재해 유형 중 가장 빈번하게 일어나는 재해인 이유는 최근의 건설구조물들의 대형화, 고층화, 복잡화 등으로 인한 고소작업들이 많고, 다양한 공법들이 개발됨에 따라 그에 따른 건설재해의 위험요인 분석과 예방대책에 대한 연구가 부족하기 때문이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 추락재해 발생에 영향을 끼치는 다양한 요인들을 분석하고 각 위험요인들의 발생빈도에 대하여 객관적인 재해데이터 분석과 주관적인 설문조사 분석을 수행하여 그 결과를 비교해보았다. 이를 위해서 먼저 건설현장에서 발생했던 추락재해자에 대한 재해사례와 기존문헌을 분석하여 위험요인을 선정하였다. 이어서 해당 위험요인들에 대해서 사례데이터 분석과 설문조사를 수행하여 각각의 발생빈도를 상, 중, 하 그룹으로 구분하여 함께 비교 및 분석하였다. 연구의 결과, 현장작업자와 안전관리자 간에 인식차이가 크거나, 두 집단에서 재해가 많이 발생한다고 인식하는 위험요인에서 재해율이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과가 건설현장에서 추락재해에 대한 효율적인 안전관리와 예방대책 선정에 도움이 될 수 있기를 기대한다.

Keywords

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Figure 1. Frequency of accidents by risk factors

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Figure 2. Comparison of perception between field workers and safety manager

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Figure 3. Comparison of actual data and survey results

Table 1. Previous research

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Table 2. Derived risk factors

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Table 3. Summary of questionnaire respondents

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Table 4. Case data analysis and questionnaire survey results

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