Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science (한국초지조사료학회지)

The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science (한국초지조사료학회)
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Prediction of Energy Requirements for Maintenance and Growth of Female Korean Black Goats

번식용 교잡 흑염소의 유지와 성장을 위한 대사에너지 요구량 추정

  • Lee, Jinwook (Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Kwan Woo (Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Lee, Sung Soo (Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Ko, Yeoung Gyu (Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Lee, Yong Jae (Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Sung Woo (Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Jeon, Da Yeon (Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Roh, Hee Jong (Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Yun, Yeong Sik (Institute of Livestock Environmental Management) ;
  • Kim, Do Hyung (Department of Animal Science, Gyeongbuk Provincial College)
  • 이진욱 (국립축산과학원 가축유전자원센터) ;
  • 김관우 (국립축산과학원 가축유전자원센터) ;
  • 이성수 (국립축산과학원 가축유전자원센터) ;
  • 고응규 (국립축산과학원 가축유전자원센터) ;
  • 이용재 (국립축산과학원 가축유전자원센터) ;
  • 김성우 (국립축산과학원 가축유전자원센터) ;
  • 전다연 (국립축산과학원 가축유전자원센터) ;
  • 노희종 (국립축산과학원 가축유전자원센터) ;
  • 윤영식 (축산환경관리원) ;
  • 김도형 (경북도립대학교 축산과)
  • Received : 2018.06.26
  • Accepted : 2018.11.30
  • Published : 2019.03.31
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Abstract

This study was conducted to predict the energy requirements for maintenance and growth of female Korean black goats during their growth and pregnancy phases. Fifty female goats ($18.7{\pm}0.27kg$) in their growth phase with an average age of 5 months were stratified by weight and randomly assigned into 5 groups. They were fed 5 diets varying in metabolic energy (ME) [2.32 (G1), 2.49 (G2), 2.74 (G3), 2.99 (G4), and 3.24 (G5) Mcal/kg] until they were 9-month-old. After natural breeding, 50 female goats ($30.7{\pm}0.59kg$) were stratified by weight and randomly assigned into 5 groups. They were fed 5 diets varying in ME [2.32 (P1), 2.43 (P2), 2.55 (P3), 2.66 (P4), and 2.78 (P5) Mcal/kg]. The average feed intake ranged between 1.5 and 2.0% of the body weight (BW), and there was no significant difference between the treatment groups with goats in growth or pregnancy phases. Average daily gain (ADG) in diet demand during the growth phase increased with an increasing ME density and ranged from 46 to 69 g/d (p<0.01). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) improved with the ME density during the growth phase (p<0.01). The intercept of the regression equation between ME intake and ADG indicated that energy requirement for maintenance of goats during growth and pregnancy phases was $103.53kcal/BW^{0.75}$ and $102.7kcal/BW^{0.75}$, respectively. These results may serve as a basis for the establishment of goat feeding standards in Korea. Further studies are required to assess the nutrient requirement of goats using various methods for improving accuracy.

본 연구는 사양실험에 의한 회귀식 추정방법에 의해 교잡종(개량종) 번식용 암컷 흑염소의 육성기와 임신기 유지와 성장을 위한 에너지요구량을 구하기 위해 수행되었다. 번식용 암컷 흑염소 50두를 공시하여 사료의 대사에너지 수준을 육성기(5개월령)에는 각각 2.32(G1), 2.49(G2), 2.74(G3), 2.99(G4) 및 3.24(G5) Mcal/kg로 하여 2016년 5월부터 9월까지 진행하였으며, 임신기(9개월령 이후)에는 각각 2.32(P1), 2.43(P2), 2.55(P3), 2.66(P4) 및 2.78(P5) Mcal/kg로 하여 2017년 1월부터 4월까지 수행하였다. 실험사료는 염소용 TMR 사료를 이용하여 조단백질 수준을 14%로 고정시키고 에너지 첨가제(유락)를 이용하여 에너지 수준을 조절하였다. 건물 섭취량은 처리구 간에 육성기, 임신기 모두 유의성이 없었으며, 체중대비 1.5~2.0% 수준으로 조사되었다. 일당증체량은 육성기에는 46~69g, 임신기에는 150~190g으로 사료의 에너지수준이 증가함에 따라 높게 나타났으며, 사료요구율은 육성기 6.5~9.7의 범위로 에너지수준이 높을수록 사료요구율이 개선되는 경향을 나타내었다. 임신기의 경우 3.5~3.8의 범위로 에너지 수준에 따른 영향은 없는 것으로 나타났다. 대사 체중 당 에너지섭취량과 일당증체량 사이의 회귀분석을 통한 유지에너지 요구량 추정 시 육성기에는 $102.5Kcal/BW^{0.75}$이고, 임신기에는 $105.83Kcal/BW^{0.75}$로 나타났다. 급여 사료의 에너지 수준에 따른 번식성적은 에너지 수준이 높아질수록 분만율이 낮게 나타났으나 산자수와 생시체중의 경우 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 본 연구에서 도출된 결과는 향후 흑염소의 사양표준 설정을 위한 기초자료로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료되며, 앞으로 대사실험, 비교도축법 등 다양한 추정방법과 비교를 통해 정확도를 높이는 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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