DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

지역별 평균해수면에 의해 결정된 우리나라 해안의 해면경사

Sea level slope of the Korean Peninsula Coast determined by Local Mean Sea Level

  • 김태우 (성균관대학교 건설환경시스템공학과) ;
  • 윤홍식 (성균관대학교 건설환경공학부) ;
  • 김광배 (성균관대학교 건설환경시스템공학과)
  • KIM, Tae-Woo (Dept. of Civil, Architectural and Environmental System Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University) ;
  • YUN, Hong-Sik (School of Civil, Architectural Engineering & Landscape Architecture, Sungkyunkwan University) ;
  • KIM, Kwang-Bae (Dept. of Civil, Architectural and Environmental System Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University)
  • 투고 : 2019.03.07
  • 심사 : 2019.03.20
  • 발행 : 2019.03.31

초록

한반도 주변 연안의 수준기점에서 해면경사를 계산하는 것은 우리나라 측지수준망의 수준기점 표고를 설정하는데 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 국제수로기구 기준(18.6년)으로 장기 조위관측 자료의 평균해수면을 재계산하고, 수준측량으로 수준기점의 표고를 재 분석하였다. 그리고 목포, 부산, 묵호 수준기점에서 수준측량에 의한 해면지형 분석방법으로 인천 수준원점을 기준으로 한 해면경사를 계산하였다. 그간 국내 측지학자와 해양학자들은 남북 위도상의 해면경사 문제에 대하여 서로 상반된 견해를 보였다. 본 연구결과 북위 $37.5^{\circ}$에 위치한 인천(-2.27cm)과 묵호(17.56cm) 간의 동 서 해면경사는 19.83cm으로 분석되었다. 또한 목포의 평균해수면이 인천 보다 1.12cm 높고, 부산의 평균해수면이 묵호 보다 2.18cm 높은 해면경사가 남향 상승하는 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구결과 서해안과 동해안은 남향 상승하는 해면경사 분석 결과는 우리나라 측지수준망의 재설정과 수준망에서의 표고차 불일치 문제를 해결하는데 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

Computing the sea level slope at the BM(Bench Mark) in the coast areas around the Korean Peninsula is important for establishing height of BM of the Korean geodetic leveling network. In this study, MSL(Mean Sea Level) was recalculated with the long-term tide observation data based on the IHO(International Hydrographic Organization) standard(18.6 years), and the BM height was reanalyzed by precision leveling. The sea surface topography was analyzed by leveling at Mokpo(Mokpo Starting Point), Busan (09-00-00) and Mukho(20-26-00) BMs, and the sea level slope was computed based on the Korean vertical origin point. As a result of this study, the sea level slope of the west and east coasts between Incheon(-2.27cm) and Mukho(17.56cm) located at $37.5^{\circ}N$ was analyzed as 19.83cm. Domestic geodesists and oceanologists have confronted each other with regard to the issue of latitudinal changes in long term MSL. In the west coast, the Mokpo is 1.12cm higher than Incheon, and the Busan is 2.18cm higher than Mukho. Therefore, the west and east coasts have been analyzed as sea level slope rising to the south. It can be used to solve the reestablishment of the Korean geodetic leveling network and the problem of the elevation discrepancy in the BM.

키워드

GRJBBB_2019_v22n1_51_f0001.png 이미지

FIGURE 1. Workflow for sea level slope analysis

GRJBBB_2019_v22n1_51_f0002.png 이미지

FIGURE 2. Tidal stations location map with long-term tide observations over 18.6 years

GRJBBB_2019_v22n1_51_f0003.png 이미지

FIGURE 3. Sea level slope with respect to the Korean vertical origin point(Incheon)

TABLE 1. Tidal stations with long-term tide observations over 18.6 years

GRJBBB_2019_v22n1_51_t0001.png 이미지

TABLE 2. Comparision of MSL determined in several reference epoch

GRJBBB_2019_v22n1_51_t0002.png 이미지

TABLE 3. Reexamination of height of the korean vertical origin point (2017 epoch)

GRJBBB_2019_v22n1_51_t0003.png 이미지

TABLE 4. Computation of sea surface topography by regional MSL (2017 epoch)

GRJBBB_2019_v22n1_51_t0004.png 이미지

TABLE 5. Height difference by direction at the intersection point of the first order leveling network

GRJBBB_2019_v22n1_51_t0005.png 이미지

TABLE 6. Comparison of sea level slope computed by direction at the tidal station

GRJBBB_2019_v22n1_51_t0006.png 이미지

참고문헌

  1. Choi, B.H. 2009. External check of geodetic level survey using long term tial observation, Joint-conference for the Korean Association of Ocean and Technology Societies. p.406.
  2. Gwan J.U. 1950, About tide of Incheon Port, Journal of the Japan Society of Oceanography 6(2):16-22. https://doi.org/10.5928/kaiyou1942.6.2_16
  3. Hunag H., H.S. Yun and D.H. Lee. 2008. Determination and analysis sea surface topography for unification vertical datum in east-asis area, Journal of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography, 26(3):207-217.
  4. Korean Hydrographic and Oceanographic Agency(KHOA). 2011. A Study on sea level variations due to global warming. KHOA Annual Report
  5. Korean Hydrographic and Oceanographic Agency(KHOA). 2016. Analyzing sea level change for responding climate change. KHOA Annual Report
  6. Korean Institute of Policy Evaluations(KIPE). 2011. National assessment on sea level rise impact of korean coast in the socio-economic context I. pp.1-347
  7. Lee C.K. 1993. The sea level slopes along the korean peninsular coast based on the first order leveling net in korea. Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography 11(2):35-41.
  8. National Geographic Information Institute(NGII). 1983. A study on the precision leveling network in korea. pp.1-332.
  9. National Geographic Information Institute(NGII). 2010. A study on the establishment of vertical dautm. pp.1-210.
  10. National Geographic Information Institute(NGII). 2015. A study on establishing network of national geodetic control points for the next generation. pp.1-91
  11. National Geographic Information Institute(NGII). 2018. A study on korean mean sea level and leveling network review based on the original bench mark. pp.1-193
  12. Penna, N.T., W.E. Featherstone, J. Gazeaux and R.J. Bongham. 2013. The apparent british sea slope is caused by systematic errors in the levelling-based vertical datum. Geophysical Journal International 194(2):772-786. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggt161
  13. The Korean Earth Science Society(KESS). 2009. Dictionary of Earth Science
  14. Yoon H.S., M.C. Chang, Y.S. Choi and Y. Huh. 2014. Analysis of national vertical datum connection using tidal bench mark. Journal of the Korean Society for Geo-spatial Information Science. 22(3):47-56. https://doi.org/10.12672/ksis.2014.22.3.047
  15. 管泽霖, 管铮, 瞿國君. 1996. 海面地形高程基准. 北京: 測绘出版社. pp.30-31.