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Design Planning and Evaluation using Mock-up for the Short-term Temporary Housing

단기 임시주거를 위한 설계계획 및 목업을 통한 성능평가

  • 이원학 (한국건설생활환경시험연구원 건축환경센터) ;
  • 이병연 (충북대학교 건축학과) ;
  • 조영준 (엑시아머티리얼스)
  • Received : 2018.12.31
  • Accepted : 2019.03.08
  • Published : 2019.03.31

Abstract

This paper proposes a design plan of short-term temporary housing for the victims by disaster. Also construction workability and residential environment evaluated by mock-up. In particular, in the event of a disaster, victims have lived the auditorium or gymnasium of the nearby school which is an emergency shelter. However, there was a problem of livability. Therefore, it is the purpose of study to provide temporary housing that resides within 30 days. For this purpose, a composite panel with light weight and insulation select to produce mock-up. The mock-up complete in about an hour. This is because it is made only of the composite panels. The composite panels confirm to be easy to load and construct. And mock-up evaluates insulation and waterproofing performance in the laboratory. As a result, Mock-up has insulation and waterproofing performance. This suggests an alternative to short -term temporary housing.

본 논문에서는 재난 재해시 이재민의 주거안전성을 확보하기 위해 단기 임시주거시설에 대한 설계 계획과 목업 제작을 통한 시공성, 주거환경성을 검증하였다. 특히, 재난 재해발생시 이주민이 응급구호시설로 인근 학교의 강당 또는 체육관을 활용하고 있지만 거주성이 확보에 문제가 있다. 이를 극복하기 위한 방안으로 30일 이내 거주하는 단기 임시주택을 제안하는 것이 연구목적이다. 이를 위해 경량이면서 단열이 확보가능한 복합패널을 선정하여 목업을 제작하였다. 복합 패널을 활용한 목업은 약 1시간안에 완성하여, 시공 용이성을 확인하였다. 또한 목업을 통해 실험실에서 결로와 누수실험을 진행하였다. 외부온도 약 $0^{\circ}C$, 실내온도 약 $32^{\circ}C$로 온도에서 결로현상은 발생하지 않았고, 열화상카메라를 통해 확인해보면 단열성능이 확보되는 것으로 판단되었다. 또한 시간당 60 mm의 강우를 모사하여 누수 실험을 진행한 결과 누수가 확인되지 않아 방수성능이 확보되는 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구는 기존 임시주거시설에서 모듈화된 평면, 시제품제작을 통한 시공용이성 확보, 향후 적재의 용이성을 확인하였다. 단열 및 방수성능이 확보되는 것을 확인하였다. 이를 통해 단기 임시주거시설에 대한 대안을 제시하였다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Multifunctional composite panel

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Fig. 2. Prototype Plan of Temporary housing

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Fig. 3. Prototype Elevation of Temporary housing

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Fig. 5. Specimens section

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Fig. 6. Composite panel manufacturing

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Fig. 7. Weight of Panels

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Fig. 8. Time laps of temporary housing mock-up

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Fig. 9. Weight of temporary housing mock-up

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Fig. 10. Mock-up in Laboratory

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Fig. 11. Figure of thermal imaging camera

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Fig. 12. Temperature of Laboratory

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Fig. 13. Rainfall test

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Fig. 14. Result of Rainfall test

Table 1. Case of the emergency evacuation facility and temporary housing[10-15]

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Table 2. Comparison on the area standard by number of people(Housing law, UNHCR Emergency Handbook)

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