Figure 1. Effect of support on sulfur removal over H3PW12 catalysts. Reaction conditions: catalyst amount = 0.025 g mL-1 (cat./oil), T = 30 ℃, t = 3 h, O/S molar ratio = 100.
Figure 2. Effect of catalyst amount on sulfur removal over heteropoly acid catalysts. Reaction conditions: T = 30 ℃, t = 3 h, O/S molar ratio = 100.
Figure 3. Effect of reaction temperature on sulfur removal over heteropoly acid catalysts. Reaction conditions: catalyst amount = 0.025 g mL-1 (cat./oil), t = 3 h, O/S molar ratio = 100.
Figure 4. Effect of reaction time on sulfur removal over heteropoly acid catalysts. Reaction conditions: catalyst amount = 0.025 g mL-1 (cat./oil), T = 30 ℃, O/S molar ratio = 100.
Figure 5. XRD patterns of H3PW12/SiO2 catalysts with various H3PW12 loading.
Figure 6. XPS analysis of H3PW12/SiO2 catalysts with various H3PW12 loading.
Figure 7. Effect of H3PW12 loading on sulfur removal over H3PW12/SiO2 catalysts. Reaction conditions: catalyst amount = 0.025 g mL-1 (cat./oil), T = 30 ℃, t = 3 h, O/S molar ratio = 100.
Figure 8. Reusability test of 30 H3PW12/SiO2 and 30 Cs3PW12/SiO2 catalysts. Reaction conditions: catalyst amount = 0.025 gmL-1 (cat./oil), T = 30 ℃, t = 1 h, O/S molar ratio = 100.
Table 1. BET surface area of H3PW12 supported on different supports
Table 2. Atomic composition and BET surface area of silica support and H3PW12/SiO2 catalysts
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