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수질모의시 적정 탈산소계수 선정을 위한 연구 - 황구지천을 대상으로 -

A study on rationalized values of deoxygenation coefficient for stream quality modelling in the Hwangguji stream

  • 노희성 (한국건설기술연구원 국토보전연구본부) ;
  • 안태진 (한경대학교 토목안전환경공학과)
  • Noh, Huiseong (Department of Land, Water and Environment Research, KICT) ;
  • Ahn, Taejin (Department of Civil, Safety & Environmental Engineering, Hankyong National University)
  • 투고 : 2019.01.25
  • 심사 : 2019.02.22
  • 발행 : 2019.02.28

초록

2002년 및 2014년 수행된 황구지천 하천기본계획 수립에 있어서 수질오염농도의 예측을 수행하였지만, 수질 예측모델링 과정에서 관행적으로 적용한 반응계수를 적용함으로써 수질 예측 결과의 신뢰도가 낮은 것으로 평가되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 황구지천 국가하천 약 7.8 km 본류구간인 세마교와 수직교사이에서의 탈산소계수를 평가하여 기존 수질모델링에서 적용한 탈산소계수와 비교하고자 하였다. 관측자료를 통하여 황구지천 세마교 지점(HGJ2)부터 수직교 지점(HGJ3)구간에서 풍수 기간일 경우 탈산소계수는 $0.078day^{-1}{\sim}0.748day^{-1}$, 갈수 기간일 경우는 $0.053day^{-1}{\sim}0.505day^{-1}$ 등으로 산정되었다. 2002년에 수행된 황구지천 수질 예측모델링에서 적용한 탈산소계수는 $0.02day^{-1}{\sim}3.4day^{-1}$ 범위의 값을 적용하였으며, 2014년에는 $0.043day^{-1}$을 적용하였다. 따라서 2002년에는 실제 관측된 수질보다 긍정적으로 예측되었으나, 2014년에는 실제 관측 수질보다 부정적으로 예측되었다. 이는 여러 요인이 있겠지만 적정한 탈산소계수의 적용도 상당한 요인이 작용한 것으로 보이며, 향후 수질예측모델링에서 관측자료가 있는 경우에는 관측자료에 의한 탈산소계수의 결정을 통하여 수행할 필요가 있다고 판단된다.

Stream water qualities have been predicted in the year 2002 and 2014 through providing the Hwangguji Stream Rectification Plan. However, the reliability of result for predicted water quality was relatively lower by applying conventional values of the parameters in model. In this study deoxygenation coefficients between Sema bridge(HGJ2) and Sujik bridge(HGJ3) have been evaluated based on the observed data of water quality and travelling time to compare with the applied value of coefficients in predicting water quality model. The values of deoxygenation coefficient $0.078day^{-1}{\sim}0.748day^{-1}$ for normal period and $0.053day^{-1}{\sim}0.505day^{-1}$ for drought period have been calculated based of observed data between Sema bridge and Sujik bridge. The values of coefficients $0.02day^{-1}{\sim}3.4day^{-1}$ have been applied in predicting water quality model in the year 2002 and $0.043day^{-1}$ 2014. Thus, the simulated results of stream water quality were better than the observed data in 2002, and worse in 2014. It has shown that values of deoxygenation coefficient should be properly estimated based on observed data to predict proper stream water quality by model.

키워드

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Fig. 1. Watershed of Hwangguji stream

Table 1. Sites of observing water quality in Hwangguji stream

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Table 2. Sewage treatment plants in Hwangguji stream

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Table 3. Oserved values of annual average BOD at observing sites and sewage treatment plants

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Table 4. Observed value of BOD at sampling sites (2001, 2002)

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Table 5. Adopted values of parameter in the QUAL2E model

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Table 6. Simulated values of annual average BOD and observed data

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Table 7. Observed value of BOD at sampling sites (2011, 2012)

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Table 8. Adopted values of parameter in the QUALKO2 model

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Table 9. Observed traveling time from HGJC2 to HGJC3

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Table 10. Estimated values of deoxygenation coefficient (K1) based on observed data

HKSJBV_2019_v21n1_77_t0010.png 이미지

참고문헌

  1. Brown, L., T.O. Barnwell, Jr., (1987). The Enhanced Stream Water Quality Models QUAL2E and QUAL2E-UNCAS : Documentation and User Manual. Report EPA/600/3-87/007. U. S. EPA, Athens, GA. https://cfpub.epa.gov/si/si_public_record_Report.cfm?Lab=NERL&dirEntryID=41777
  2. Han, Mideock, Son, Jeeyoung, Ryu, Jichul, Ahn, Kihong, Kim, Yongseok (2014). The effects of pollutants into sub-basin on water quality and loading of receiving streams, J. of Kor. Soc. Environ. Eng., 36(9), pp. 648-658. http://www.dbpia.co.kr/Journal/ArticleDetail/NODE06753034 https://doi.org/10.4491/KSEE.2014.36.9.648
  3. Texas Water Development Board (1970b). Simulation of water quality in streams and canals: Texas Water Devel. Board, QUAL-1, pp. 64. https://www.twdb.texas.gov/publications/reports/numbered_reports/doc/R128/R128.pdf
  4. The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport (2002) in Korea. Ansung Stream(including HwangGuJi-Cheon stream) rectification plan.
  5. The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport (2014) in Korea. JinWi Stream(including HwangGuJi-Cheon stream) rectification plan.
  6. The Korean National Institute of Environmental Research (2013). Monitering of flow and water quality in the Jinwi watershed.
  7. The Korean National Institute of Environmental Research (1995-2017). Monitering of water quality in the HwangGuJi-Cheon stream.
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  9. Yoon, Yongsam, Yu, Jaejung, Shin, Chanki (2008). A Study of Carbonaceous BOD Decay Rates for the Nakdong River Water System, J. of Kor. Soc. Environ. Eng., Vol.17 No.8, pp. 833-840. http://210.101.116.15/kiss5/viewer.asp