Journal of Korea Water Resources Association (한국수자원학회논문집)

Korea Water Resources Association (한국수자원학회)
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Analysis on dam operation effect and development of an function formula and automated model for estimating suitable site

댐의 운영효과 분석과 적지선정 함수식 및 자동화 모형 개발

  • Choo, Taiho (Department of Civil Engineering, Busan University) ;
  • Kim, Yoonku (Department of Civil Engineering, Busan University) ;
  • Kim, Yeongsik (Department of Civil Engineering, Busan University) ;
  • Yun, Gwanseon (Korea Institute of Disaster & Safety (KIDS))
  • Received : 2018.08.28
  • Accepted : 2019.01.16
  • Published : 2019.03.31
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Abstract

Intake ratio from river constitutes about 31% (8/26) that beings to "water stress country" as "Medium ~ High" with China, India, Italy, South Africa, etc. Therefore, the present study on a dam that is the most effective and direct for securing water resources has been performed. First of all, climate change scenarios were investigated and analyzed. RCP 4.5 and 8.5 with 12.5 km grid resolution presented in the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) 5th Assessment Report (AR5) were applied to study watershed using SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) and HEC-ResSim models that carried out co-operation. Based on the results of dam simulation, the reduction effects of floods and droughts were quantitatively presented. The procedures of dam projects of the USA, Japan and Korea were investigated. As a result, there are no estimating quantitative criteria, calculating methods or formulas. In the present study, therefore, indexes for selecting suitable dam site through literature investigation and analyzing dam watersheds were determined, Expert questionnaire for various indexes were performed. Based on the above mentioned investigation and expert questionnaire, a methodology assigning weight using AHP method were proposed. The function of suitable dam (FSDS) site was calibrated and verified for four medium-sized watersheds. Finally, automated model for suitable dam site was developed using FSDS and 'Model builder' of GIS tool.

한국의 수자원 총량중 이용량은 26.3%로 강으로부터의 취수 비율은 3%에 불과하며, 중국, 인도, 이탈리아, 남아공 등과 함께 물 스트레스 기준 중~고에 해당한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 댐 수자원 확보를 위한 적지선정과 관련하여 연구하였다. 미국, 일본 및 한국의 댐 건설절차에 대한 조사 결과, 정량적인 기준 및 계산 방법 또는 공식이 부재하였다. 댐 적지선정의 정량적 기준 제시를 위하여 먼저 기후 변화 시나리오를 조사, 분석하였으며, IPCC제 5 차 평가 보고서에 제시된 12.5 km 격자 해상도의 RCP 4.5 및 8.5를 SWAT와 HEC-ResSim를 이용하여 유역 연구에 적용하였다. 댐 시뮬레이션 결과를 토대로 홍수 및 가뭄의 감소 효과를 정량적으로 제시하였다. 그리고 댐 적지 선정 지표 결정과, AHP 기법을 이용하여 평가지표에 대한 전문가 설문을 실시하여 가중치를 부여하였으며, 이를 통해 댐 적지 선정 함수식(FSDS)을 제안하였다. 함수식의 경우 4곳의 기 설치된 유역에 대하여 보정 및 검증 하였으며, FSDS와 GIS의 'Model builder'를 사용하여 댐 적지선정 자동화 모델을 개발하였다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. The composition of analytic hierarchy process

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Fig. 2. Observed & simulated flow hydrograph and hyetograph

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Fig. 3. Miryang dam operation rule

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Fig. 4. The results of plant discharge and water supply

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Fig. 5. Annual precipitation for RCP scenario 4.5 and 8.5

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Fig. 6. Stage hydrograph and hyetograph for each 10 year

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Fig. 8. Part 1 of FSDS in model builder

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Fig. 9. Part 2 of FSDS in model builder

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Fig. 10. Part 3 of FSDS in model builder

Table 1. Pair wise comparison matrix

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Table 2. The results of verification

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Fig. 7. The function of suitable dam site (FSDS)

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