Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회지)

Korean Society of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회)
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Characteristics of Natural Habitats of Rare Species, Tofieldia nuda

희귀식물 꽃장포의 생육환경 특성

  • Kwon, Soonsik (Department of Forest Environment System, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Hwang, In-Soo (Department of Forest Environment System, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Park, Wan-Gun (Division of Forest Science, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Cheong, Eun Ju (Division of Forest Science, Kangwon National University)
  • 권순식 (강원대학교 대학원 산림환경시스템학과) ;
  • 황인수 (강원대학교 대학원 산림환경시스템학과) ;
  • 박완근 (강원대학교 산림과학부 산림자원학전공) ;
  • 정은주 (강원대학교 산림과학부 산림자원학전공)
  • Received : 2019.01.02
  • Accepted : 2019.01.28
  • Published : 2019.02.28
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Abstract

We investigated the environmental conditions of natural habitats of T. nuda. The species was found on rocky northern hills ($60{\sim}90^{\circ}$) near the stream where the sea level ranges 95~145m. The average annual temperature of the habitats was lower than other places of South Korea. The differences of the lowest and the highest of the year was significantly huge than any other places. Plants were growing at the edge of stream that water reached but not submerged. Most of plants were found in North, Northeast or Northwest. It is suggested that these species require moist and low sunlight for growth. The common vegetation along with the T. nuda includes Mukdenia rossii, Selaginella rossii, Calamagrostis epigeios, and Rhododendron yedoense f. poukhanense. The dominance values and sociability of T. nuda were below 3 in all studied habitats and the variance of the number of individuals among the habitats was very high. As the optimum habitats for the T. nuda are decreasing due to the extreme precipitation patterns. It is also expected that the number of T. nuda will be decreased in the future. Therefore restoration activity in situ or ex situ must be conducted to conserve this valuable plant species.

우리나라에 자생하는 꽃장포 중 희귀식물종인 꽃장포의 주요 분포지의 기상, 토양, 식생특성을 조사 분석하였다. 꽃장포는 해발고 95~145m 저지대의 북향 하천변과 경사도가 $60{\sim}90^{\circ}$정도의 가파른 암벽에 주로 분포하는 것으로 나타났다. 자생지 기상조건은 연평균온도가 전국평균보다 낮으며, 연중최고, 최저기온의 차가 극심하고 계곡주변으로 강우 시 물이 올라와 있는 곳으로 습도조건이 중요한 요인 중 하나로 파악되었다. 토양은 조사지 대부분이 약산성토양이고, 한탄강 줄기를 따라 자생지가 이어지지 않고 북북동쪽 사면쪽에서만 나타나 습도조건과 함께 일조량이 생육에 제한요인인 것으로 보였다. 꽃장포 조사지 주변식생은 대부분 조사구에서 돌단풍, 구실사리, 산조풀, 산철쭉 등이 공통으로 출현하였다. 꽃장포 분포지는 모두 우점도와 군도가 3 이하로 낮게 나타났으며 발견된 개체수가 조사지역별로 편차가 매우 컸다. 꽃장포 출현빈도는 관속식물 수와 반비례하여 나타나 다른 식물에 비해 경쟁력이 낮은 것으로 분석되었다. 냉온대성식물인 꽃장포는 기후변화로 온도상승과 폭우, 건조로 인해 강물수위변화가 극심해지면서 자생지 축소와 함께 개체 수 감소가 예상되므로 자생지보호와 함께 복원대책이 필요하다.

Keywords

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