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Dietary effect of Bacillus subtilis MD-02 on Innate Immune Response and Disease Resistance in Olive Flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus

넙치(Paralichthys olivaceus)의 비특이적 면역반응 및 병 저항성에 대한 Bacillus subtilis MD-02의 효과

  • Kim, Dong-Hwi (Marine Applied Microbes and Aquatic Organism Disease Control Lab, Department of Aquatic Biomedical Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences & Marine and Environmental Research Institute, Jeju National University) ;
  • Heo, Moon-Soo (Marine Applied Microbes and Aquatic Organism Disease Control Lab, Department of Aquatic Biomedical Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences & Marine and Environmental Research Institute, Jeju National University)
  • 김동휘 (제주대학교 해양과학대학 수산생명의학과) ;
  • 허문수 (제주대학교 해양과학대학 수산생명의학과)
  • Received : 2018.07.10
  • Accepted : 2018.10.30
  • Published : 2019.03.28

Abstract

Among several marine-derived microorganisms isolated from the coast of Jeju Island that had antimicrobial activity against fish disease pathogens, Bacillus subtilis MD-02 was tested for its dietary effect on the innate immune response and disease resistance of olive flounder. Strain MD-02 was fed to the olive flounder at a concentration of $1.2{\times}10^4$, $1.2{\times}10^6$, or $1.2{\times}10^8CFU/100g$, respectively. Consequently, the hematocrit was higher in these three groups than that in the control group at 4 weeks, and the aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels were decreased in the $1.2{\times}10^8$ and $1.2{\times}10^4CFU/100$ groups compared with the control group levels. The amylase activity and total protein were significantly increased in the $1.2{\times}10^4CFU/100g$ group at 3 weeks. The innate immune response, determined from the lysozyme and macrophage activities, was higher in the $1.2{\times}10^8CFU/100g$ group than in the control group. In addition, treatment of the olive flounders with Streptococcus parauberis at $1.2{\times}10^6CFU/ml$ confirmed the mortality rate, which was 100% in the control group and 40-60% in the groups fed B. subtilis MD-02, indicating that the fish had resistance to fish disease pathogens. Therefore, it was confirmed that when fed MD-02, olive flounder builds an innate immune response and acquires resistance to fish disease pathogens, indicating that B. subtilis MD-02 can be developed as a beneficial feed additive.

제주 연안에서 분리한 해양유래 미생물 중에서 어류질병 세균에 대한 항균활성이 있는 Bacillus subtilis MD-02를 이용하여 넙치에 적용했을 때 나타나는 비특이적 면역반응과 어류질병세균에 대한 병 저항성을 알아보고자 하였다. B. subtilis MD-02를 $1.2{\times}104CFU/100g$, $1.2{\times}10^6CFU/100g$, $1.2{\times}10^8CFU/100g$의 농도로 사료를 제작하여 넙치에게 급이 한 결과 4주차때 hematocrit이 대조구에 비해 증가하였다. AST와 ALT는 각각 $1.2{\times}10^8CFU/100g$$1.2{\times}10^4CFU/100g$에서 대조구에 비해 낮은 값을 보였다. Amylase의 결과 3주차 때부터 $1.2{\times}10^4CFU/100g$에서 유의적으로 증가하였으며, total protein의 경우 3주차 때부터 $1.2{\times}10^4CFU/100g$에서 대조구에 비해 유의적으로 증가하였다. 비특이적 면역반응인 라이소자임 활성과 대식세포 활성 결과 $1.2{\times}10^8CFU/100g$에서 대조구에 비해 높은 활성을 나타냈다. 또한 Streptococcus parauberis를 $1.2{\times}10^6CFU/ml$로 넙치에 접종 한 후 폐사율을 확인한 결과 대조구에선 전량 폐사가 일어난 반면 B. subtilis MD-02를 투여한그룹에서는 40-60%의 폐사율을 보여 어류질병세균에 대한 병 저항성을 가지는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 제주연안에서 분리한 해양유래 미생물인 Bacillus subtilis MD-02를 넙치에게 급이 할 때 비특이적 면역반응과 어류질병세균에 대한 병 저항성을 가지는 것을 확인하였으며, 향후 사료 첨가제로 개발 시 좋은 효과가 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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