Journal of Nutrition and Health

  • 제52권6호
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  • Pages.581-592
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  • 2019
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  • 2288-3886(pISSN)
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  • 2288-3959(eISSN)
한국영양학회 (The Korean Nutrition Society)
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군집분석으로 도출한 식사패턴별 에너지 섭취량과 골격근육량의 연관성 분석 : 2008 ~ 2010년 국민건강영양조사 자료를 활용하여

Association between energy intake and skeletal muscle mass according to dietary patterns derived by cluster analysis: data from the 2008 ~ 2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

  • 투고 : 2019.10.23
  • 심사 : 2019.11.26
  • 발행 : 2019.12.31
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초록

본 연구는 에너지 섭취 급원에 따라 골격근육량과 에너지 섭취량 간의 연관성이 달라지는지 알아보기 위해 수행되었다. 본 연구는 2008 ~ 2010년도 국민건강영양조사 자료를 이용하여 30세 이상 한국 성인 7,922명을 대상으로 각 식품의 에너지섭취비율을 기반으로 식사패턴을 분류하고 각 식사패턴 군집 내에서 대상자들의 골격근육량과 에너지 섭취량 간의 연관성을 분석하였다. 대상자의 22가지 식품군의 에너지 섭취량을 기준으로 군집분석을 실시한 결과 남성과 여성 모두에서 '밀가루와 유지류 (Flour, Animal fat)', '흰 쌀 (White rice)', '건강혼합식 (Healthy mixed diet)' 3가지 식사패턴을 도출하였다. 그 중 '흰 쌀' 식사패턴에서 남성 (p < 0.0001)과 여성 (p < 0.0195) 모두 에너지 섭취량과 골격근육량의 연관성이 있었으며, 나머지 식사패턴에서는 근육량과 에너지 섭취량 간의 관련성이 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 본 연구의 결과에서 30대 이상 한국 성인들의 골격근육량의 변화와 에너지 섭취량 간에는 유의한 양적 연관성이 있으나 대상자가 주로 섭취하는 식사 형태에 따라 에너지 섭취와 골격근육량의 연관성이 다른 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과에 근거하여, 골격근육량과 연관된 에너지 섭취량의 변화 [14]는 쌀밥 위주의 식사를 하는 한국 성인에 특이적인 결과임을 추정할 수 있다. 이는 에너지 섭취량의 증가 없이도 군집에 속한 식품의 영양소 균형이 골격근육량 유지에 도움을 주는 다른 식사패턴 (예, 건강혼합식)과는 달리 쌀밥위주의 식사가 전형적인 한국인의 경우 전체적인 식사량의 확보도 골격근육 유지에 중요함을 제시하는 결과이며 쌀밥 위주의 식사를 하는 대상자들의 체중감량식단이나 근감소증 비율이 상대적으로 높은 노인들의 식사 지침에 응용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Purpose: This study investigated major dietary patterns among healthy Korean adults using cluster analysis and analyzed the relationship between energy intake and skeletal muscle mass. Methods: This study was conducted using the data from the 2008 ~ 2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey. The data of 7,922 subjects aged 30 years and over, without any missing values, were included in the final analysis. K-means cluster analyses were conducted to identify the dietary patterns of the study subjects, which were based on the energy intake from 21 food groups using a 24-h recall method. The changes in energy intake with each dietary pattern, according to quartiles of skeletal muscle mass, were investigated. Results: Three dietary patterns were identified for both men and women: 'Flour, Animal fat', 'White rice' and 'Healthy mixed diet'. The association between energy intake and skeletal muscle mass for both men and women was significant only in the 'White rice' dietary pattern. In the 'White rice' pattern, the energy intake increased up to > 300 kcal from the lowest to the highest quartile of skeletal muscle mass after adjustment for covariates. Within the 'White rice' pattern, skeletal muscle mass was linearly associated with energy intake in all the age groups in men. Conclusion: Energy intake was significantly associated with changes in skeletal muscle mass only in the 'White rice' pattern. Furthermore, the degree of association between the change in skeletal muscle mass and energy intake differed according to gender. These results indicate that the association between skeletal muscle mass and energy intake may be specific to Korean people who are accustomed to a traditional Korean diet.

키워드

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