Journal of Digital Convergence (디지털융복합연구)

The Society of Digital Policy and Management (한국디지털정책학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Philosophical backgrounds of universal service in Korea and the US

보편적 서비스의 철학적 근거에 대한 한·미간 비교연구 : 보편적 서비스의 추진 배경과 동기를 중심으로

  • Kim, Sung-Wook (School of Media and Communication at Seoul Women's University) ;
  • Kwak, No-Jin (Department of Communication at University of Michigan)
  • 김성욱 (서울여자대학교 언론영상학부) ;
  • 곽노진 (미시간대학교 커뮤니케이션학과)
  • Received : 2018.11.15
  • Accepted : 2019.01.20
  • Published : 2019.01.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

By a comparative study of the philosophical backgrounds of universal service in Korea and the US, this research finds that Korea has paid little attention to the relations between universal service and basic human rights even though it has rapidly and successfully implemented universal service of telephone and the internet services in the past. Based on this key finding, it reaches a conclusion that Korea should adopt a new approach in implementing universal service in the future, considering the goals and contributions to the improvement of the basic human rights of universal service because economic goals have been main drivers of the implementation of universal service so far in Korea, which is not appropriate and suitable for the information society that new telecom services are rapidly emerging.

보편적 서비스에 정당성을 부여하는 철학적 근거에 대해 한.미간 비교연구를 진행한 결과 그동안 우리나라에서는 보편적 서비스를 인간의 기본권 보장이라는 관점에서 이해하고 이를 바탕으로 보편적 서비스를 구현하고자 하는 노력이 부족했으며 보편적 서비스를 추진했던 동기 및 배경에는 주로 경제적 요인이 있었음을 확인할 수 있었다. 하지만, 오늘날에도 보편적 서비스에 대해 기존의 접근방식을 그대로 유지하는 것은 긍정적인 효과보다는 오히려 부작용이 더 클 수 있다는 우려의 목소리가 높다. 이 같은 부작용을 막고 미래지향적인 보편적 서비스 제도 및 정책방향을 정립하기 위해서는 보편적 서비스를 경제적 관점에서 이해하던 과거의 방식에서 벗어나 '인간의 기본권 보장'이라는 관점에서 이해하기 위한 노력을 기울여야 할 것이다. 또 새로운 커뮤니케이션 기술의 등장이 보편적 서비스에 미치는 영향에 대해 꾸준한 관심을 기울이고 후속 연구를 진행하는 것이 필요할 것이다.

Keywords

References

  1. N. W. Jung & S. W. Kim. (2017). Hi speed internet service as universal service. Journal of Digital Convergence, 15(2), 11-25. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2017.15.2.11
  2. N. W. Jung & S. W. Kim. (2018). Analysis on universal service of mobile data. Journal of Digital Covergence, 16(1), 1-11.
  3. ZDnet Korea. (2018). The US abolishes net neutrality. June 11.
  4. The Electronic Times. (2018). Trump, calls on Supreme Court to invalidate net neutrality. August 6.
  5. J. S. Kang. (2002). A study on digital divide and respondent policies of the internet Network: Focusing on cases in America and Germany. Korean Journal of Journalism and Communication Studies, 46(4), 5-45.
  6. Y. Min. (2011). Internet use and digital divide. Communications Research, 48(1), 150-187. https://doi.org/10.22174/jcr.2011.48.1.150
  7. H. K. Park. (2003). A new trend of digital divide. The Economic Society, 59, 78-102.
  8. S. H. Y & J. S. Lim. (2013). A study for foreign immigrants and digital divide. Conference Paper of Korean Society for Journalism and Communication Studies.
  9. J. Y. Yu. (2002). The index of digital divide in Korea. The Journal of Korean Sociological Association, 36(1), 223-246.
  10. H. K. Lee. (2009). A critique of digital divide discussions: From group level to individual level. Korean Journal of Journalism and Communication Studies, 53(6), 5-25.
  11. Y. S. Hwang, N. S Park, H. J. Lee & W. T. Lee. (2012). Exploring digital literacy in convergent media environment : Communication competence and generation gap. Korean Journal of Journalism and Communication Studies, 56(2), 198-225.
  12. S. W. Kim. (2010). The impact of the introduction of competition on universal service in Korea. Informatization Policy, 17(4), 90-113.
  13. S. W. Kim. (2011). The impact of the privatization of KT on universal service. The Journal of Digital Policy & Management, 9(6), 39-56.
  14. Y. S. Kim. (2006). Ofcom, new telecommunication environment and the reform of universal service system. Information Telecommunicaton Policy, 18(6), 19-23.
  15. H. C. Kim. (1998). A new trend of cost allocation for universal service and its implication: A case study of the US. Information Telecommunication Policy, 218, 1-22.
  16. S. W. Na. (2014). A reform trend of the obligation of public telephone service and its implications. Information Telecommunication Broadcasting Policy, 26(5).
  17. J. K. Lee, S. W, Lee & B. K. Lee. (2009). A study of universal services in the era of convergence between broadcasting and telecommunications. Korean Journal of Journalism and Communication Studies, 53(3), 128-145.
  18. H. K. Lee. (2000). Reconceptualization of universal service with a consideration of users' environment. Korean Journal of Journalism and Communication Studies, 45(1), 266-296.
  19. H. W. Lee. (2008). Mobile telephone service as universal service. Master thesis. Seoul National University.
  20. J. E. Cho. (2006). The expansion of the scope of universal service to advanced telecommunications services: The horizontal and vertical expansion of universal service. Informatization Policy, 13(2), 121-142.
  21. S. K. Lee, J. H. Kawk & K. H. Oh. (2003). The issues of high speed internet service as universal service. The Issue Report of KISDI.
  22. H. Jung & S. W. Na. (2009). High speed internet service and universal service. Broadcasting and Telecommunication Policy, 21(5), 1-38.
  23. Y. S. Youm. (2011). Reform of telecommunication rate policy and universal service system. KISDI Research Report.
  24. S. W. Kim. (2009). Competition, privatization, convergence and universal service: the case study of Korea. Ph.D dissertation. Pennsylvania State University.
  25. Y. S. Kim. (2003). Universal service policy formulation and changes in the universal service policy. Ph.D. dissertation. Sogang University.
  26. J. R. Schement & S. C. Forbes. (1999). Approaching the net: Toward global principles of universal service. Presented at the annual meeting of the Pacific Telecommunications Conference in Honolulu,Hawaii. http://www.benton.org/Policy/Schement/PTC99/home.html
  27. J. C. Kim & M. H. Lee. (1991). Universal service policies in Korea: Past and future. Telematics and Informatics, 8(1/2), 31-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0736-5853(05)80093-0
  28. K. M. Koh. (2001). Political economics of liberalization of telecommunications in Korea. Seoul: Communication Books.
  29. Korea Telecom. (2001). Twenty year history of Korea Telecom. Seoul: KT.
  30. D. J. Kim. (2010). Autobiography of Kim Dae-Jung. Samin: Seoul.
  31. M. Mueller. (1997). Universal service: Competition, interconnection, and monopoly in the making of the American telephone system. Cambridge: MIT Press.
  32. K. P. Jayakar. (1999). Industry structure, regulatory choices and the diffusion of telecommunications services: What governments can do to further universal service. Ph.D. dissertation. Indiana University.
  33. P. Preston & R. Flynn. (2000). Rethinking universal service: Citizenship, consumption norms, and the telephone. The Information Society, 16, 91-98. https://doi.org/10.1080/01972240050032843
  34. R. Frieden. (2005). Lessons from broadband development in Canada, Japan, Korea and the United States. Telecommunications Policy, 29, 595-613. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2005.06.002
  35. K. C. Kim. (2012). Net neutrality in terms of legality. http://slownews.kr/3854