Journal of Korea Water Resources Association (한국수자원학회논문집)

Korea Water Resources Association (한국수자원학회)
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An evaluation of evaporation estimates according to solar radiation models

일사량 산정 모델에 따른 증발량 분석

  • Rim, Chang-Soo (Department of Civil Engineering, Kyonggi University)
  • 임창수 (경기대학교 공과대학 토목공학과)
  • Received : 2019.08.28
  • Accepted : 2019.11.22
  • Published : 2019.12.31
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Abstract

To evaluate the utilization suitability of solar radiation models, estimated solar radiation from 13 solar radiation models were verified by comparing with measured solar radiation at 5 study stations in South Korea. Furthermore, for the evaluation of evaporation estimates according to solar radiation models, 5 different evaporation estimation equations based on Penman's combination approach were applied, and evaporation estimates were compared with pan evaporation. Some solar radiation models require only meteorological data; however, some other models require not only meteorological data but also geographical data such as elevation. The study results showed that solar radiation model based on the ratio of the duration of sunshine to the possible duration of sunshine, maximum temperature, and minimum temperature provided the estimated solar radiation that most closely match measured solar radiation. Accuracy of estimated solar radiation also greatly improved when Angstrőm-Prescott model coefficients are adjusted to the study stations. Therefore, when choosing the solar radiation model for evaporation estimation, both data availability and model capability should be considered simultaneously. When applying measured solar radiation for estimating evaporation, evaporation estimates from Penman, FAO Penman-Monteith, and KNF equations are most close to pan evaporation rates in Jeonju and Jeju, Seoul and Mokpo, and Daejeon respectively.

본 연구에서는 13개의 일사량 산정모델들로부터 산정된 일사량을 우리나라 5개 기상관측지점에서 측정된 일사량자료와 비교함으로서 이들 일사량 산정모델들의 활용 적합성을 평가하였다. 또한 일사량 산정모델이 증발에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위해서 일사량자료를 필요로 하는 Penman 조합식에 근거한 5개 증발량 산정식들을 적용하여 증발량을 산정하고 증발접시 증발량과 비교 분석하였다. 일부 일사량 산정모델은 기상자료만을 필요로 하며, 반면에 다른 일부 모델은 기상자료뿐만 아니라 고도와 같은 지형 자료를 필요로 한다. 연구결과에 의하면 일조시간과 가조시간의 비(일조시간/가조시간)뿐만 아니라 최고기온과 최저기온을 동시에 고려하여 일사량을 산정하는 모델이 관측 일사량과 가장 근사한 결과를 보여주었다. 또한 일조시간과 가조시간의 비만을 이용한 Angstrőm-Prescott모델의 계수값을 보정하는 경우 역시 일사량 산정의 정확도를 크게 개선시키는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 증발량 산정을 위해 일사량모델을 선정하는 경우 입력자료의 존재여부 뿐만 아니라 적절한 일사량을 산정하는 모델형식을 동시에 고려하는 것이 필요하다. 관측된 일사량을 적용하여 증발량을 산정하는 경우에 Penman식은 전주, 제주지역에서 증발접시 증발량과 가장 근사한 것으로 나타났고, FAO PM식은 서울과 목포지역에서 그리고 KNF식은 대전지역에서 증발접시 증발량과 가장 근사한 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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