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Development of Earthquake Early Warning System nearby Epicenter based on P-wave Multiple Detection

진원지 인근 지진 조기 경보를 위한 선착 P파 다중 탐지 시스템 개발

  • Lee, Taehee (Future Infrastructure Research Center, Department of Infrastructure Safety Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology) ;
  • Noh, Jinseok (Institute of Technology, Doit Co., LTD.) ;
  • Hong, Seungseo (Department of Infrastructure Safety Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology) ;
  • Kim, YoungSeok (Department of Infrastructure Safety Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology)
  • Received : 2019.11.12
  • Accepted : 2019.11.26
  • Published : 2019.12.30

Abstract

In this paper, the P-wave multiple detection system for the fast and accurate earthquake early warning nearby the epicenter was developed. The developed systems were installed in five selected public buildings for the validation. During the monitoring, a magnitude 2.3 earthquake occurred in Pohang on 26 September 2019. P-wave initial detection algorithms were operated in three out of four systems installed in Pohang area and recorded as seismic events. At the nearest station, 5.5 km from the epicenter, P-wave signal was detected 1.2 seconds after the earthquake, and S-wave was reached 1.02 seconds after the P-wave reached, providing some alarm time. The maximum accelerations recorded in three different stations were 6.28 gal, 6.1 gal, and 5.3 gal, respectively. The alarm algorithm did not work, due to the high threshold of the maximum ground acceleration (25.1 gal) to operate it. If continuous monitoring and analysis are to be carried out in the future, the developed system could use a highly effective earthquake warning system suitable for the domestic situation.

본 논문에서는 진원지 주변에서 빠르고 정확한 지진 조기 경보를 수행하기 위한 선착 P파 다중 탐지 시스템과 이를 구동하기 위한 지진파 초동 탐지 및 경보 알고리즘을 개발하였다. 공용 중인 5개소(포항지역 4개소)의 건축물을 선정하여 개발한 계측 시스템을 설치하였고, 지반 진동을 실시간 모니터링하며 실증시험을 진행하였다. 실증 모니터링 중 2019년 9월 26일 포항 지역에서 규모 2.3의 지진이 발생하였다. 포항지역에 설치된 총 4개소의 시스템 중 3개소에서 P파 초동 탐지 알고리즘이 작동되어 지진동 이벤트로 기록되었다. 진원지로부터 5.5 km로 가장 가까운 계측소는 지진 발생 후 1.2초 후 P파 초동이 감지되었으며, P파 도달 후 약 1.02초 후 S파가 도달하여 다소의 경보시간을 제공해주었다. P파가 탐지된 3곳의 최대 가속도는 각각 6.28gal, 6.1gal, 5.3gal로 기록되었으며, 이벤트 경보 발령을 위한 최대 지반 가속도의 임계값(25.1gal)을 초과하지 않아 경보 알고리즘이 작동하지 않았다. 향후 지속적인 모니터링 및 분석을 통해 추가 검증이 이루어진다면 국내 실정에 맞는 실효성 높은 지진 경보 시스템으로 활용 될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

References

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