Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Rainfall Distribution Characteristics of Artificial Rainfall System for Steep-Slope Collapse Model Experiment

급경사지 붕괴 모의실험을 위한 인공강우장치의 강우분포특성

  • Jeong, Hyang-Seon (Disaster Prevention Research Division, National Disaster Management Research Institute) ;
  • Kang, Hyo-Sub (Disaster Prevention Research Division, National Disaster Management Research Institute) ;
  • Suk, Jae-Wook (Disaster Prevention Research Division, National Disaster Management Research Institute) ;
  • Kim, Ho-Jong (Disaster Prevention Research Division, National Disaster Management Research Institute)
  • 정향선 (국립재난안전연구원 방재연구실) ;
  • 강효섭 (국립재난안전연구원 방재연구실) ;
  • 석재욱 (국립재난안전연구원 방재연구실) ;
  • 김호종 (국립재난안전연구원 방재연구실)
  • Received : 2019.10.02
  • Accepted : 2019.12.06
  • Published : 2019.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

An artificial rainfall system is used widely as a research tool for generating model experiment data. Artificial rainfall devices have been used in many studies, but studies of the rainfall distribution are not considered as important issues. To simulate various rainfall characteristics, it should be possible to simulate from low to high intensity, and the homogeneity of the rainfall distribution should be ensured. In this study, the maximum rainfall intensity was set to 130mm/hr and controlled by 10mm/hr. In addition, the aim was to secure a uniform coefficient value of 80% or more. To this end, rainfall tests were performed according to the nozzle type, diameter, position, and pump pressure. The rainfall test showed that the circular nozzle was suitable, and the nozzle size was 1.9mm and 1.4mm. The optimal pump pressure was found to be 3~6kg/㎠. The rainfall intensity tended to increase linearly with increasing pump pressure. Based on the rainfall test results, a rainfall control manual was produced with variables, such as pump pressure, nozzle type, and number of nozzles. As a result of rainfall verification, rainfall intensity showed a 3.1% error with a uniformity coefficient of 86%.

인공강우장치는 실내실험 기반의 모형실험 데이터를 생성하는 연구도구로 널리 이용되고 있다. 다양한 연구에 인공강우장치가 이용되고 있음에도 불구하고 대부분의 연구에서 강우분포의 균질성에 대한 논의는 등한시되고 있다. 다양한 강우특성이 반영된 급경사지 붕괴 모의실험을 위해서는 저강도에서 고강도까지 강우를 모사할 수 있는 강우장치가 필수적이며 실험의 신뢰성을 확보하기 위해서라도 강우분포의 균질성은 확보되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 급경사지 붕괴모의실험의 주요설비인 인공강우장치의 최대 강우강도 130mm/hr 내에서 10mm/hr 단위 제어를 목표로 하며, 균등계수 80% 이상 확보하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 노즐타입, 크기, 위치 및 펌프압력에 따른 다양한 조건하에서 강우실험을 수행하였다. 실험결과 노즐형태는 원형노즐, 크기는 1.9mm와 1.4mm가 적합한 것으로 분석되었고 적정 펌프압력은 3~6kg/㎠으로 분석되었다. 다양한 강우강도를 재현하기 위해 노즐수는 2, 3, 5개, 펌프압력은 3, 4, 5, 6kg/cm2로 조건을 달리하여 실험을 수행하였다. 펌프압력이 증가함에 따라 강우강도는 선형적으로 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 실험결과를 바탕으로 펌프압력, 노즐형태 및 노즐수를 변수로 하는 강우제어 매뉴얼을 작성하였다. 또한 검증실험을 수행하여 목표 강우강도 대비 오차범위 ±3.1%, 균등계수는 평균 86.8%로 균질한 강우분포를 보였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Ministry of the Interior and Safety, Statistical Yearbook of Natural Disaster, Korea, 2008-2017.
  2. H. S. Kang, J. W. Suk, H. J. Kim, "Analysis on Characteristics of Volumetric Water Content through Large-scale Slope Failure Experiment", Proceedings of 2019 Korean Geo-environmental Society Conference, KGES, Seoul, Korea, pp.31-32, Sep. 2019.
  3. J. K. Kim, J. W. Kang, G. S. Jeong, H. Choi, M. S. Kim, "Suggestion for the Optimum Operating Methods of Rainfall Simulator through the Analysis of Raindrop's Characteristics", Journal of the Association of Korean Geographers, Vol.5, No.1, pp.51-60, Apr. 2016. https://doi.org/10.25202/JAKG.5.1.5
  4. H. S. Kim, T. J. Ko, H. S. Jeong, S. J. Ye, "The Development of a Methodology for Calibrating a Large-Scale Laboratory Rainfall Simulator", Atmosphere, Vol.9, No.11, pp.427-441, Nov. 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos9110427
  5. C. J. Lee, J. P. Kim, J. W. Lee, W. Kim, "Analysis on Rainfall Distribution in a Large Experimental Rainfall Simulator with Fixed Nozzle Arrangement", Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society, Vol.16, No.12 pp.8116-8127, Dec. 2015. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2015.16.12.8116
  6. M. Sagong, J. H. Yoo, S. J. Lee, "Analysis on the Rainfall Triggered Slope Failure with a Variation of Soil Layer Thickness: Flume Tests", Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society, Vol.25, No.4, pp.91-103, Apr. 2009.
  7. B. G. Chae, Y. S. Seo, Y. S. Song, Y. C. Cho, W. Y. Kim, "A Flume Test for Characterization on Landslides Occurrence and Flow Features of Debris by an Artificial Rainfall Simulator", Proceedings of the KSEG Conference, The korea society of engineering geology, Daejeon, Korea, pp.69-78, Apr. 2006
  8. H. H. Lee, J. D. Joo, "Characteristics of Soil Erosion on the Forest Fired Site by Using Rainfall Simulator", Journal of Korean Forest Society, Vol.95, No.6, pp.649-656, Apr. 2006.
  9. D. Y. Kim, J. P. Seo, C. W. Lee, C. S. Woo, "Analysis on the Behaviors of Soil Water Characteristic Sensors through Rainfall-induced Landslide Flume Experiments", Journal of Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, Vol.16, No.6, pp.209-218, Dec. 2016. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.9798/KOSHAM.2016.16.6.209
  10. B. K. Ahn, H. T. Choi, Q. W. Lee, S. J. Im, "Estimating Rainfall Interception Loss of Decomposed Floor in a Deciduous Forest Using Rainfall Simulation Experiments", Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Vol.16, No.3, pp.181-187, Sep. 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5532/KJAFM.2014.16.3.181
  11. T. S. Cheong, H. S. Choi, T. J. Ko, "Development and Calibration of a Large-scale Rainfall Simulator for the Urban Flood Experimental Research", Journal of Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, Vol.17, No.6, pp.433-441, Dec. 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.9798/KOSHAM.2017.17.6.433
  12. H. Moazed, A. Bavi, S. Boroomand-Nasab, A. Naseri, M. Albaji, "Effects of Climatic and Hydraulic Parameters on Water Uniformity Coefficient in Solid Set Systems", Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol.10, No.16, pp.1792-1796. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3923/jas.2010.1792.1796
  13. S. H. Luk, A. D. Abrahams, A. J. Parsons, "Sediment Sources and sediment transport by rill flow and interrill flow on a semi-arid piedmont slope, southern Arizona", Catena, Vol.20, No.1-2, pp.93-111, Feb-Apr, 1993. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0341-8162(93)90031-J
  14. O. Gabric, D. Prodanovic, J. Plavsic, "Uncertainty Assessment of Rainfall Simulator Uniformity Coefficient", Journal of Faculty of Civil Engineering International Conference of Contemporary Achievements in Civil Engineering, Vol.25, pp.661-667, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14415/konferencijagfs2014.088
  15. J. E. Christiansen, "The uniformity of application of water by sprinkler system". Agricultural Engineering, Vol. 22, pp.89-92. https://doi.org/10.1515/agriceng-2018-0040