Journal of Environmental Health Sciences (한국환경보건학회지)

Korean Society of Environmental Health (한국환경보건학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Secular Trend in Indoor Dust Levels with a Comparison of Indoor and Exhaust Outlet Dust Levels in Swine Confinement Buildings

비육돈사 공기중 분진 수준에 대한 시계열적 분석 및 돈사내외부 분진 수준 비교분석

  • Kim, HyoungAh (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University) ;
  • Kim, ChangYul (Department of Occupational Health, Daegu Catholic University) ;
  • Gautam, Ravi (Department of Occupational Health, Daegu Catholic University) ;
  • Yang, SuJeong (Department of Occupational Health, Daegu Catholic University) ;
  • Acharya, Manju (Department of Occupational Health, Daegu Catholic University) ;
  • Jo, JiHoon (Department of Occupational Health, Daegu Catholic University) ;
  • Maharjan, Anju (Department of Occupational Health, Daegu Catholic University) ;
  • Sin, SoJung (Department of Occupational Health, Daegu Catholic University) ;
  • Song, EunSeob (Department of Occupational Health, Daegu Catholic University) ;
  • Lee, YoonBum (Department of Toxicity Assessment, Daegu Catholic University) ;
  • Kim, Hyocher (National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Kyung-ran (National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Kyung-suk (National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Heo, Yong (Department of Occupational Health, Daegu Catholic University)
  • 김형아 (가톨릭대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실) ;
  • 김창열 (대구가톨릭대학교 산업보건학과) ;
  • ;
  • 양수정 (대구가톨릭대학교 산업보건학과) ;
  • ;
  • 조지훈 (대구가톨릭대학교 산업보건학과) ;
  • ;
  • 신소정 (대구가톨릭대학교 산업보건학과) ;
  • 송은섭 (대구가톨릭대학교 산업보건학과) ;
  • 이윤범 (대구가톨릭대학교 화학물질독성평가학과) ;
  • 김효철 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 김경란 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 이경숙 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 허용 (대구가톨릭대학교 산업보건학과)
  • Received : 2019.10.11
  • Accepted : 2019.11.13
  • Published : 2019.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate the secular changes in indoor airborne dust or endotoxin levels in the dust from swine confinement buildings. Indoor levels were compared with the level at the exhaust outlet in order to examine the contribution potential of indoor dust to nearby ambient air dust. Methods: Comparisons were made on inhalable and respirable dust levels reported in 2002, 2012, and 2017 from 14, 10, and 36 swine fattening confinement buildings in Korea, respectively. This data was produced by the same research group. Levels of endotoxin adsorbed into inhalable or respirable dust were also compared. Samples of inhalable or respirable dust were collected indoors and at exhaust outlets from 17 swine fattening confinement buildings in 2019, and dust levels were compared between the indoor and the outlet. Results: The outlet inhalable dust level (0.111 mg/㎥) was approximately 19% of that from indoors, and the respirable dust level (0.033 mg/㎥) was approximately 74% of that from indoors. The outlet respirable dust levels were lower than the airborne fine dust levels in the towns where those farms are located. No significant difference was observed in the inhalable dust levels among the years examined, but the respirable dust level in 2017 (0.143 mg/㎥) was significantly lower than in 2002 (0.328 mg/㎥). The level of endotoxin in inhalable dust was significantly higher in 2017 (722 EU/㎥) than in both 2002 (75 EU/㎥) and 2012 (171 EU/㎥). Conclusion: Even though no apparent contribution from swine farm indoor dust to nearby ambient air dust was observed in terms of amount, a certain control strategy to reduce the production of airborne dust and endotoxin from swine farms is merited.

Keywords

References

  1. Shin SJ, Song ES, Kim JW, Lee JH, Gautam R, Kim HJ, et al. Major environmental characteristics of swine husbandry that affect exposure to dust and airborne endotoxin. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2019; 82(4): 233-243. https://doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2019.1584596
  2. Roque K, Lim GD, Jo JH, Shin KM, Song ES, Gautam R, et al. Epizootiological characteristics of viable bacteria and fungi in indoor air from porcine, chicken, or bovine husbandry confinement buildings. J Vet Sci 2016; 17(4): 531-538. https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2016.17.4.531
  3. Roque K, Shin KM, Jo JH, Lim GD, Song ES, Shin SJ, et al. Association between endotoxin levels in dust from indoor swine housing environments and the immune responses of pigs. J Vet Sci 2018; 19(3): 331-338. https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2018.19.3.331
  4. Kim HA, Kim JY, Shin KM, Jo JH, Roque K, Jo GH, et al. Relationship between endotoxin level of swine farm dust and cellular immunity of husbandry workers. J. Korean Soc. Occup. Environ Hyg 2013; 23(4): 393-401.
  5. Gautam R, Heo Y, Lim GD, Song ES, Roque K, Lee JH, et al. Altered immune responses in broiler chicken husbandry workers and their association with endotoxin exposure. Ind Health 2018; 56: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.2486/indhealth.56-1
  6. Korean Government. Comprehensive control strategy for generation of fine dust particles. Available: http://www.me.go.kr/home/file/readDownloadFile [accessed at 11 September 2019].
  7. Kim JB. Assessment and estimation of particulate matter formation potential and respiratory effects from air emission in industrial sectors and cities/regions. J Korean Soc Environ Eng 2017; 39(4): 220-228. https://doi.org/10.4491/KSEE.2017.39.4.220
  8. Hristov AN. Technical note: contribution of ammonia emitted from livestock to atmospheric fine particulate matter in the United States. J Dairy Sci 2011; 94: 3130-3136. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2010-3681
  9. Ohlwein S, Kappeler R, Joss MK, Kunzli N, Hoffmann B. Health effects of ultrafine particles: a systemic literature review update of epidemiological evidence. Int J Public Health 2019; 64: 547-559. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-019-01202-7
  10. Kim KY, Lee KJ, Park JB, Kim CN. Field study of concentrations and emissions of particulate contaminants by types of swine houses in KZorea. J Prev Med Public Health 2005; 38(2): 141-146.
  11. Kwon KS, Lee IB, Hwang HS, Ha TH, Ha JS, Park SJ, et al. Measurement and analysis of dust concentration in a fattening pig house considering respiratory welfare of pig farmers. J Korean Soc Agri Eng 2013; 55(5): 25-35. https://doi.org/10.5389/KSAE.2013.55.5.025
  12. Sin SJ, Kim HC, Kim KR, Seo MT, Park SI, Kim KM, et al. A comparison of $PM_{10}$ exposure characteristics of swine farmers by body parts using direct-reading instrument. J Korean Soc Occup Environ Hyg 2019; 29(2): 159-166. https://doi.org/10.15269/JKSOEH.2019.29.2.159
  13. Park GY, Kwon KS, Lee IB, Ha TH, Kim RW, Lee MH. Analysis of dust concentration in dairy farm according to sampling location and working activities. J Korean Soc Agri Eng 2017; 59(3): 71-81. https://doi.org/10.5389/KSAE.2017.59.3.071
  14. Yoo DH, Kim HA, Heo Y, Sung JH, Lee HK, Park YG. Concentration of dusts and endotoxin in swine confinement buildings. J Korean Soc Agri Eng 2003; 13(1): 45-52.
  15. Ministry of Environment. Framework act on environmental policy. Available: http://www.law.go.kr/act/framework act on environmental policy [accessed at 11 September 2019].
  16. Ministry of Environment. Indoor air quality control act. Available: http://www.law.go.kr/act/indoor air quality control act [accessed at 11 September 2019].
  17. Ministry of Employment and Labor. Threshold limit values for chemical substances and physical agents. http://www.moel.go.kr/common/downloadFile [accessed at 11 September 2019].
  18. National Air Pollutants Emission Service. Emission volume by sources. http://airemiss.nier.go.kr/mbshome/mbs/airemiss/index.do [accessed at 11 September 2019].
  19. National Institute of Environmental Research. Montly report of air quality, February 2019. NIERGP2019-043.
  20. National Institute of Environmental Research. Montly report of air quality, March 2019. NIERGP2019-050.
  21. National Institute of Environmental Research. Montly report of air quality, April 2019. NIERGP2019-051.
  22. Paik JM, Kim KY. Comparison of dust exposure levels among farmers with and without feeding. J Korean Soc Occup Environ Hyg 2013; 23(2): 103-107.
  23. National Institute of Animal Science. Sixty year history of animal science research. Rural Development Agency; 2012. p.317-372.
  24. ACGIH. TLVs and BEIs based on the documentation of the threshold limit values for chemical substances and physical agents. Cincinnati; Signature Publications; 2010.
  25. Reynolds SJ, Donham KJ, Whitten P, Merchant JA, Burmeister LF, Popendorf WJ. Longitudinal evaluation of dose-response relationships for environmental exposures and pulmonary function in swine production workers. Am J Ind Med 1996; 29: 33-40. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0274(199601)29:1<33::AID-AJIM5>3.0.CO;2-#
  26. Park JH, Yang SY, Park YK, Ryu HS, Kim EC, Choe YT, et al. Exposure and risk assessment of benzene and $PM_{10}$ for sub-populations using Monte-Carlo simulations. J Environ Health Sci 2019; 45(3): 247-257.
  27. Kim SC. Investigation of the concentration of $PM_{2.1}$ & $PM_{10}$ and alveolar deposition ratio. J Environ Health Sci 2019; 45(2): 126-133.