Journal of the Korean Society of Safety (한국안전학회지)

The Korean Society of Safety (한국안전학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Study on the Mitigation of Threat Zones for Indoor Chlorine Release using Effective Leakage Areas of Building and Box Model

건물의 유효누출면적 및 박스모델을 이용한 염소 실내 누출의 위험지역 완화에 관한 연구

  • Kwak, Sollim (Department of Safety Engineering, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Lee, Eunbyul (Department of Safety Engineering, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Choi, Youngbo (Department of Safety Engineering, Chungbuk National University)
  • 곽솔림 (충북대학교 안전공학과) ;
  • 이은별 (충북대학교 안전공학과) ;
  • 최영보 (충북대학교 안전공학과)
  • Received : 2018.09.04
  • Accepted : 2018.10.03
  • Published : 2018.10.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

It is difficult to determine the outdoor toxic level of hazardous chemicals that are leaked in the building, since there are no efficient ways to calculate how much percentage of the leaked chemicals is released into the outdoor atmosphere. In address to these problems, we propose a reasonable box model that can quantitatively evaluate the mass rate of the indoor chlorine leakage into the outside of the building. The proposed method assumes that the indoor chlorine leakage is fully mixed with the indoor air, and then the mixture of the chlorine and indoor air is exfiltrated into the outside of the building through effective leakage areas of the building. It is found that the exfiltration rate of the mixture of the chlorine and indoor air is strongly dependent on the temperature difference between inside and outside the building than the atmospheric wind speed. As compared with a conventional method that uses a vague mitigation factor, our method is more effective to evaluate the outdoor toxic threat zone of the chlorine that are leaked in the building, because it can consider the degree of airtight of the building in the evaluation of the threat zone.

Keywords

References

  1. Risk Management Program Guidance for Offsite Consequence Analysis, 3.1.2 Releases of Toxic Gas in Enclosed Space, EPA, Appendix D, Section D.1.2, 2009.
  2. KOSHA GUIDE P-107-2016, Technical Guideline for Selecting the Worst and Alternative Leak Scenario, pp. 5, Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency, 2012.
  3. Technical Guideline for Selecting the Accident Scenarios, National Institute of Chemical Safety, pp. 5, 2018.
  4. ALOHA(Areal Locations of Hazardous Atmospheres) 5.4.4 Technical Documentation, NOAA, pp. 57-59, 2013.
  5. R. M. Reynolds, ALOHA 5.0 Theoretical Description, NOAA(National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration), pp. 84-86, 1992.
  6. Y. Kwon, H. Cho and S. Ko, "A Study on the Simulation of Damage Distance in case of Leakage of Chlorine and Ozone Gas in a Water Treatment Plant", Journal of Fluid Machinery, Vol. 21, No. 2, pp. 35-40, 2018.
  7. K. Kim and D. Choi, "The Priciple and Method of Ventilation", Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea, Vol. 51, No. 10, pp. 29-32, 2007.
  8. M. H. Sherman, "Estimation of Infiltration from Leakage and Climate Indicators", Energy and Building, pp. 81-26, 1987.
  9. M. J. Sherman, "Air Infiltration in Buildings", Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory University of california, 1985.
  10. H. Shin and J. Jo, "Comparison of Test Conditions of the Fan Pressurization Method in Measuring the Building Airtightness", Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea, Vol. 27, No. 8, pp. 279-280, 2011.
  11. R. C. Wanyu, W. N. William and N. P. Phillip, "Analyzing a Database of Residential Air Leakage in the United States", Atmospheric Enviroment 39, pp. 3445-3446, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.01.062
  12. M. H. Sherman, and D. J. Wilson and D. E. Kiel, "Variability in Residential Air Leakage", Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, pp. 7-21, 1984.
  13. H. Bae, W. Yang, B. Son and D. Kim, "Estimation of Mean Air Exchange Rate and Generation Rate of Nitrogen Dioxide Using Box Model in Residence", Journal of the Environmental Sciences", Vol. 13, Issue 7, pp. 645-648, 2004. https://doi.org/10.5322/JES.2004.13.7.645
  14. Cheoljung Yum, "Evaporation Rate of Volatile Material and Mixing Characteristics of Air", Chungbuk National University, 2017.
  15. Y. Kawg, J. Oak, S. Yoon and S. Jung, "A Study on the Safety Distance of Benzene and Acrylonitrile Releases in Sccordance with Dike and Hole Size", Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas, Vol. 22, No. 1, pp. 18-25, 2018. https://doi.org/10.7842/KIGAS.2017.22.1.18
  16. Finis Cavender, "Development of Emergency Response Planning Guidelines(ERPGs)", pp. 129, 2008.