터널과지하공간 (Tunnel and Underground Space)

  • 제28권5호
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  • Pages.442-456
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  • 2018
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  • 1225-1275(pISSN)
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  • 2287-1748(eISSN)
한국암반공학회 (Korean Society for Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering)
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터널 축소모형실험을 통한 이방성 암반내 록볼트의 보강효과 검토

Evaluation of Reinforcement Effect of Rock Bolts in Anisotropic Rock Mass Using Tunnel Scaled Model Tests

  • 투고 : 2018.09.14
  • 심사 : 2018.10.05
  • 발행 : 2018.10.31
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초록

본 연구에서는 터널의 축소모형실험을 통해 이방성 암반에 설치되는 록볼트의 보강효과를 검토하였다. 이를 위해 터널규격, 암석강도, 이방성 경사, 측압계수를 달리한 두 가지 터널사례를 실험하였다. 구슬달린 자수용 시침핀을 사용하여 전면접착식 D25 이형봉강 록볼트를 모델링하였고 이들을 모형터널의 천반과 측벽에 체계적으로 설치하였다. 첫 번째 사례에서, 무지보 모형은 터널 천정부에서 초기균열이 발생하였지만 록볼트 설치 모형은 록볼트가 설치되지 않은 영역인 터널 바닥부에서 초기균열이 발생하였다. 또한, 록볼트 설치 모형은 무지보 모형에 비해 균열개시압력과 최대압력이 각각 11%, 7% 더 컸고, 이방성 암반의 불연속면이 터널의 파괴거동에 미치는 영향은 작아져서 록볼트의 보강효과를 실험적으로 검증할 수 있었다. 지보패턴을 달리 적용한 두 번째 사례에서는, 록볼트의 길이와 수량이 큰 모형일수록 균열개시압력이 크고 하중에 따른 터널면적 축소비율은 작게 나타나, 록볼트의 길이와 수량을 증가시킬수록 록볼트의 성능이 향상됨을 알 수 있었다.

Scaled model tests were performed to evaluate the reinforcement effect of rock bolts in anisotropic rock mass. For this purpose, two tunnel cases were experimented which had different tunnel sizes, rock strengths, anisotropic angles and coefficients of lateral pressure. The fully grouted rock bolts of the D25 deformed bar were modeled as the basting pins with bead and were systematically installed at the roof and the side wall of the model tunnel. As results of the first case experimentations, the unsupported model showed initial crack at the roof of tunnel, but the supported model with rock bolts showed initial crack at the floor of tunnel where rock bolts were not installed. The crack initiating pressure and the maximum pressure of the supported model with rock bolts were 11% and 7% larger than those of the unsupported model, respectively. Moreover, the effect of the existing discontinuities in anisotropic rock mass on the fracture behavior of tunnel was reduced in the supported model, and so the reinforcement effect of rock bolt turned out to be experimentally verified. As results of the second case experimentations considering different support patterns, the crack initiating pressures of models were larger and the reduction ratios of tunnel area according to applied load were smaller as the length and the quantity of rock bolts were larger. Therefore, it was found that the performance of the rock bolts turned out to be improved as they were larger.

키워드

참고문헌

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