Journal of Korean Society of Neurocognitive Rehabilitation (한국신경인지재활치료학회지)

The Korean Society of Cognitive Therapeutic Exercise (한국인지운동치료협회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of Goal Management Training According to Bilateral Activities of Autism Spectrum Disorders: Pilot Study

자폐스펙트럼 장애 아동에게 목표관리 훈련이 양측활동에 미치는 영향: 예비연구

  • Ahn, Si-Nae (Dept. of Occupational Therapy, Cheongju University)
  • 안시내 (청주대학교 작업치료학과)
  • Received : 2018.08.24
  • Accepted : 2018.10.16
  • Published : 2018.12.30
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The study has compared normally developed children and children who were diagnosed as autism spectrum in goal management training them to observe the effect. The research was conducted to four normally developed children and four children who were diagnosed as autism spectrum, and all subjects were provided with identical goal management training. The children and the caregivers have selected desired objectives activity, and all three activities were followed by goal management training. Intervention periods were conducted ten times in total, two times a week for five weeks, and eight subjects in the two groups were trained one on one by the researcher. The training time was 40 minutes for every session. The descriptive statistics and frequency analysis were used as the statistical method, and the Mann-Whitney test, the nonparametric statistical analysis, was conducted to compare the difference between the two groups. Goal management training for two groups did not show a statistically significant difference in terms of the performance status of Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (p>.05). In the summary of Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (2nd) which evaluates the motor skill, there was a statistically significant difference between the autism spectrum disorder group and normal group (p<.05). Additionally, the two groups showed a statistically significant difference in eye-hand coordination sub-test among Developmental Test of Visual Perception (2nd) which evaluates the visual perception performance (p<.05). The research has confirmed the applicability of goal management training to children with autism spectrum compared to the normally developed children, and it has confirmed the effectiveness of the training.

목적: 본 연구는 정상 발달아동과 자폐스펙트럼으로 진단받은 아동에게 목표관리 훈련을 실시하여 그 효과를 비교하였다. 방법: 연구대상자는 정상 발달아동 4명과 자폐스펙트럼으로 진단 받은 아동 4명을 대상으로 실시하였으며, 모든 대상자에게 동일한 목표관리 훈련을 제공하였다. 아동 및 보호자가 원하는 목표활동을 선정하여 3가지 활동에 모두 목표 관리훈련을 실시하였다. 중재기간은 총 10회로 주 2회씩 5주 동안 진행되었으며, 두 그룹의 총 8명의 대상자에게 연구자가 1:1로 각 대상자에게 40분씩 목표 관리 훈련을 실시하였다. 통계방법으로는 기술통계와 빈도분석을 사용하였으며, 두 그룹의 차이를 비교하기 위해 비모수 통계분석인 Mann-Whitney 검정을 실시하였다. 통계학적 유의수준은 0.05로 설정하였다. 결과: 목표관리 훈련은 두 그룹에서 COPM의 수행도에서는 통계학적으로 유의하게 차이가 없었다(p>.05). 목표 관리훈련은 운동기능을 평가하는 BOT-2의 총점에서 자페스펙트럼 장애 그룹과 정상아동 그룹 간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<.05). 또한 시지각 기능을 평가하는 DTVP에서도 양측 활동을 하는 눈손협응 하위검사에서 자폐스펙트럼 아동과 정상아동 그룹간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<.05). 결론: 본 연구는 정상아동과 비교하여 자페스펙트럼 아동에게 목표관리 훈련을 적용가능성을 확인하였으며, 그 효과성도 확인하였다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : 청주대학교

References

  1. 김태련, 박랑규. (1996). 아동기 자폐증 평정척도. 서울, 한국: 도서출판 특수교육.
  2. Alaniz, M. L., Galit, E., Necesito, C. I., & Rosario, E. R. (2015). Hand strength, handwriting, and functional skills in children with autism. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 69(4), 1-9. doi:10.5014/ajot.2015.016022
  3. American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5). Arilington, VA: Author.
  4. Booth, R., Charlton, R., Hughes, C., & Happe, F. (2003). Disentangling weak coherence and executive dysfunction: Planning drawing in autism and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 358(1430), 387-392. doi:10.1098/rstb.2002.1204
  5. Braek, D., Dijkstra, J., Ponds, R., & Jolles, J. (2009). Goal management training in adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): An intervention study. Maastricht, Netherlands: Neuropsych Publishers.
  6. Bruininks, R. H. (2005). Bruininks-oseretsky test of motor Proficiency. examiner's manual 2th. Circle Pines, MN: Pearson.
  7. Caron, M. J., Mottron, L., Rainville, C., & Chouinard, S. (2004). Do high functioning persons with autism present superior spatial abilities?. Neuropsychologia, 42(4), 467-481. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2003.08.015
  8. Fournier, K. A., Hass, C. J., Naik, S. K., Lodha, N., & Cauraugh, J. H. (2010). Motor coordination in autism spectrum disorders: A synthesis and meta-analysis. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40(10), 1227-1240. doi:10.1007/s10803-010-0981-3
  9. Geurts, H. M., Verte, S., Oosterlaan, J., Roeyers, H., & Sergeant, J. A. (2004). How specific are executive functioning deficits in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism?. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 45(4), 836-854. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00276.x
  10. Hammill, D. D., Pearson, N. A., & Voress, J. K. (1993). Developmental Test of Visual Perception (2nd ed.,). Austin, TX: Pro-Ed.
  11. Hong, E. K., & Kim, K. M. (2009). The Effect of group sensory integrative intervention for play skill and social interaction. Journal of Korean Society of Sensory Integration Therapists, 7(2), 13-25.
  12. In de Braek, D. M., Dijkstra, J. B., Ponds, R. W., & Jolles, J. (2017). Goal management training in adults with ADHD: An intervention study. Journal of Attention Disorders, 21(13), 1130-1137. doi:10.1177/1087054712468052
  13. Kim, E. Y., Park, Y. I., & Kim, K. M. (2009). The effects of sensory integration group program on praxis and socialization for school-aged children with sensory integration dysfunction. Journal of Korean Society of Sensory Integration Therapists, 7(2), 37-47.
  14. Law, M., Baptiste, S., Carswell, A., McColl, M., Polatajko, H., & Pollock, N. (1998). Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (3rd ed.,). Ottawa, Ontario, Canada: CAOT publications ACE.
  15. Levaux, M., Laroi, F., Malmedier, M., Offerlin-Meyer, I., Danion, J., & Van der Linden, M. (2012). Rehabilitation of executive functions in a real-life setting: Goal management training applied to a person with schizophrenia. Case Reports in Psychiatry, 2012, 1-15. doi:10.1155/2012/503023
  16. Levine, B., Robertson, I., Clare, L., Carter, G., Hong, J., Wilson, B., et al. (2000). Rehabilitation of executive functioning: An experimental-clinical validation of goal management training. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 6, 299-312. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617700633052
  17. Treble-Barna, A., Sohlberg, M. M., Harn, B. E., & Wade, S. L. (2016). Cognitive intervention for attention and executive function impairments in children with traumatic brain injury: A pilot study. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 31(6), 407-418. doi:10.1097/HTR.0000000000000200