Revising ISO-Space for the Semantic Annotation of Dynamic Spatial Information in Language

ISO-Space refers to the ISO-Space (2014b) annotation standard for spatial information in language. Soon after its publication, Lee (2016) and Pustejovsky and Lee (2017) noted its failure to conform to the principles of semantic annotation laid down in the principles of semantic annotation (ISO 2016) and also its inadequacy to capture the dynamic aspect of spatial information involving trajectories created by motions. This paper thus proposes to revise ISO-Space to focus on the dynamic aspect of spatial information, while making the revised version, tentatively named ”I-Space”, conform to the ISO (2016) principles of semantic annotation. For this revision, four modifications are introduced. First, event-paths are formally defined as sequences of spatio- temporal locations associated with motional trajectories. Second, these trajectories are treated as genuine spatial entities of the event-path type in their annotation structures. Third, the link, tagged < moveLink >, in ISO-Space is re-formulated as a relation between a moving object and an event-path traversed by that object. Fourth, the spatial measure link, tagged < mLink >, in ISO-Space is generalized to cover spatiotemporal measures involving both space and time, and motions.