Korean Journal of Occupational Therapy (대한작업치료학회지)

Korean Society of Occupational Therapy (대한작업치료학회)
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Effects of Occupation-Based Home Modification and Intervention Using Assistive Devices on Activities of Daily Living Performance and Risk Factors at Home in Community-Dwelling People With Disabilities

작업기반의 가정환경 수정 및 보조도구 제공 중재가 장애인의 일상생활활동 수행과 가정 내 위험요인에 미치는 영향

  • Jo, Ye-Ji (Dept. of Occupational Therapy, The Graduate School of Konyang University) ;
  • Kim, Hee (Dept. of Occupational Therapy, Konyang University)
  • 조예지 (건양대학교 일반대학원 작업치료학과) ;
  • 김희 (건양대학교 작업치료학과)
  • Received : 2018.04.30
  • Accepted : 2018.07.06
  • Published : 2018.09.30
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Abstract

Objective : This study was conducted to investigate the effects of home modification and intervention using assistive devices on occupational performance, activities of daily living performance and risk factor at home in people with disabilities. Methods : Eight participants diagnosed with cerebrovascular diseases and physical disabilities due to chronic diseases were included in this study. The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure(COPM) was used to identify important daily activities at home and confirm the performance and satisfaction of the activities. The Assessment of Home-based Activities(AHA) was utilized to identify the importance, difficulty and safety scores of selective activities. The Home Safety Self-Assessment Tool(HSSAT) was used to identify risk factors at home. In order to compare the effects of home modification and intervention using assistive devices on occupational performance, activities of daily living and risk factors at home before and after the intervention, Wilcoxon signed rank test was conducted. Results : The front entrance, living room, bedroom, kitchen and bathroom were selected as important spaces to conduct occupational performance. After the intervention of home modification and assistive devices application, performance and satisfaction significantly increased. There was a significant enhancement in independence and difficulty in the level of activities of daily living at home, and the overall risk factors at home significantly decreased, especially in the bedroom and bathroom. Conclusion : The occupation-based home modification and intervention using assistive devices improved occupational performance of people with disabilities and reduced the risk factors at home. Researchers were capable of providing chances of maintaining independent role and participating in daily lives to people with disabilities. We suggest applying various assesment tools for each individual's household and expect more occupation-based home modifications to happen.

목적 : 본 연구는 가정환경 수정 및 보조도구 제공이 장애인의 작업수행 및 일상생활활동 수행 수준과 가정 내 위험요인에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 지역사회에 거주하고 있는 장애인을 대상으로 만성질환으로 인해 뇌병변과 지체 장애 등급을 받은 8명을 대상으로 하였다. 캐나다작업수행측정을 통하여 가정 내 중요한 일상생활활동을 선정하고 작업 수행도와 만족도를 확인하였다. 가정 내 일상생활활동 평가를 통해 선정된 활동들의 독립성, 어려움, 안전성을 파악하고, 가정안전 자가 평가도구를 사용하여 가정 내 위험요소를 확인하였다. 가정환경 수정 및 보조도구 제공 중재 전 후의 장애인의 작업 수행도와 만족도, 일상생활활동 수행 수준과 가정 내 위험요인에 미치는 영향을 비교하기 위하여 Wilcoxon signed rank test로 분석하였다. 결과 : 가정 내 현관, 거실 및 침실, 주방, 욕실, 화장실 공간에서 작업 수행을 실시하는데 중요한 공간으로 선정 되었으며 가정환경 수정 및 보조도구 제공 후의 수행도와 만족도는 유의하게 증가하였다. 가정 내 일상생활활동 수행 수준에서는 독립성과 어려움 영역에서 유의한 차이를 보였으며, 가정 내 위험요소는 전반적으로 감소되었고 특히, 침실과 욕실에서 유의하게 감소하였다. 결론 : 다양한 질환을 가진 장애인을 중심으로 작업기반의 가정환경 수정과 보조도구 제공을 통하여 작업 수행 능력을 향상시켰고 가정 내 위험요소를 제거하였다. 장애인의 독립적인 역할을 유지하고 일상생활에서 능동적인 참여를 할 수 있는 기회를 제공할 수 있었다. 개인의 가정마다 적합한 중재를 제공하기 위해 다양한 평가도구 적용을 제안하고 보다 많은 작업 중심의 환경 수정이 이루어지기를 기대한다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)

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