Journal of the Korean Medical Association (대한의사협회지)

Korean Medical Association (대한의사협회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Recent advances of basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and carcinoma in situ

기저세포암, 편평세포암 및 피부내암의 최신지견

  • Park, Kun (Department of Dermatology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine)
  • 박건 (원광대학교 의과대학 피부과학교실)
  • Received : 2018.10.15
  • Accepted : 2018.10.26
  • Published : 2018.11.20
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Incidence of basal and squamous cell carcinoma is increasing among Korean. With increasing this incidence we need to attend the management and prevention of these cutaneous malignancies. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin malignancy. Sun exposure is the most important environmental cause of BCC. Daily sun protection especially avoiding sun exposure between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. provides most effective prevention against chronic ultraviolet-induced skin damage. Hedgehog pathway inhibitors are used locally advanced and metastatic BCC lesions in Korea. Until recently, there are no reports whether it developed resistance of Hedgehog pathway inhibitors with advanced BCC in Korean patients. Among malignant skin tumors, 19.1% were squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The incidence of SCC was rapidly increased over the past years. However, the incidence rate of SCC in Japan has not been changed from the period 1976-1980 to 1986-1990. Sentinel lymph node biopsy for SCC did not provide diagnostic value. Bowen's disease and Erythroplasia of Queyrat are considered as carcinoma in situ of the skin. Erythroplasia of Queyrat have worse prognosis with a higher rate of malignant degeneration. Dermoscopy may helpful tool in assisting the noninvasive diagnosis of carcinoma in situ of the skin.

Keywords

References

  1. Kim SY, Kim JS, Park K, Oh JW, Shin JH, Kang HY, Lee SJ, Yoon TY, Shon SW, Chung H, Ahn SG, Lee MW. Basal cell carcinoma. In: Korean Dermatological Association, editor. Textbook of dermatology. 6th ed. Seoul: Daehaneohak Publishing Co; 2014. p. 786-787.
  2. Schreiber MM, Moon TE, Fox SH, Davidson J. The risk of developing subsequent nonmelanoma skin cancers. J Am Acad Dermatol 1990;23:1114-1118. https://doi.org/10.1016/0190-9622(90)70343-G
  3. Ong EL, Goldacre R, Hoang U, Sinclair R, Goldacre M. Subsequent primary malignancies in patients with nonme-lanoma skin cancer in England: a national record-linkage study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014;23:490-498. https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-13-0902
  4. Araki K, Nagano T, Ueda M, Washio F, Watanabe S, Yama-guchi N, Ichihashi M. Incidence of skin cancers and precancerous lesions in Japanese: risk factors and prevention. J Epidemiol 1999;9(6 Suppl):S14-S21.
  5. Wehner MR, Shive ML, Chren MM, Han J, Qureshi AA, Linos E. Indoor tanning and non-melanoma skin cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 2012;345:e5909. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.e5909
  6. Gallagher RP, Hill GB, Bajdik CD, Fincham S, Coldman AJ, McLean DI, Threlfall WJ. Sunlight exposure, pigmentary factors, and risk of nonmelanocytic skin cancer. I. Basal cell carcinoma. Arch Dermatol 1995;131:157-163. https://doi.org/10.1001/archderm.1995.01690140041006
  7. Stern RS, Weinstein MC, Baker SG. Risk reduction for nonmelanoma skin cancer with childhood sunscreen use. Arch Dermatol 1986;122:537-545. https://doi.org/10.1001/archderm.1986.01660170067022
  8. Green A, Williams G, Neale R, Hart V, Leslie D, Parsons P, Marks GC, Gaffney P, Battistutta D, Frost C, Lang C, Russell A. Daily sunscreen application and betacarotene supple-mentation in prevention of basal-cell and squamous-cell carcinomas of the skin: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 1999;354:723-729. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(98)12168-2
  9. Karagas MR, McDonald JA, Greenberg ER, Stukel TA, Weiss JE, Baron JA, Stevens MM. Risk of basal cell and squamous cell skin cancers after ionizing radiation therapy: for the Skin Cancer Prevention Study Group. J Natl Cancer Inst 1996;88:1848-1853. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/88.24.1848
  10. Karagas MR, Tosteson TD, Blum J, Morris JS, Baron JA, Klaue B. Design of an epidemiologic study of drinking water arsenic exposure and skin and bladder cancer risk in a U.S. population. Environ Health Perspect 1998;106 Suppl 4:1047-1050.
  11. Boonchai W, Green A, Ng J, Dicker A, Chenevix-Trench G. Basal cell carcinoma in chronic arsenicism occurring in Queensland, Australia, after ingestion of an asthma medi-cation. J Am Acad Dermatol 2000;43:664-669. https://doi.org/10.1067/mjd.2000.107939
  12. Tao SS, Bolger PM. Dietary arsenic intakes in the United States: FDA Total Diet Study, September 1991-December 1996. Food Addit Contam 1999;16:465-472. https://doi.org/10.1080/026520399283759
  13. Euvrard S, Kanitakis J, Decullier E, Butnaru AC, Lefrancois N, Boissonnat P, Sebbag L, Garnier JL, Pouteil-Noble C, Cahen R, Morelon E, Touraine JL, Claudy A, Chapuis F. Subsequent skin cancers in kidney and heart transplant recipients after the first squamous cell carcinoma. Transplantation 2006;81:1093-1100. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.tp.0000209921.60305.d9
  14. Silverberg MJ, Leyden W, Warton EM, Quesenberry CP Jr, Engels EA, Asgari MM. HIV infection status, immuno-deficiency, and the incidence of non-melanoma skin cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2013;105:350-360. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djs529
  15. Lallas A, Argenziano G, Kyrgidis A, Apalla Z, Moscarella E, Longo C, Ferrara G, Piana S, Benati E, Zendri E, Sotiriou E, Zalaudek I. Dermoscopy uncovers clinically undetectable pigmentation in basal cell carcinoma. Br J Dermatol 2014;170:192-195. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.12634
  16. Miller SJ, Alam M, Andersen J, Berg D, Bichakjian CK, Bowen G, Cheney RT, Glass LF, Grekin RC, Kessinger A, Lee NY, Liegeois N, Lydiatt DD, Michalski J, Morrison WH, Nehal KS, Nelson KC, Nghiem P, Olencki T, Perlis CS, Rosenberg EW, Shaha AR, Urist MM, Wang LC, Zic JA. Basal cell and squamous cell skin cancers. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2010;8:836-864. https://doi.org/10.6004/jnccn.2010.0062
  17. Amin MB, Edge S, Greene F, Byrd DR, Brookland RK, Washington MK, Gershenwald JE, Compton CC, Hess KR, Sullivan DC, Jessup JM, Brierley JD, Gaspar LE, Schilsky RL, Balch CM, Winchester DP, Asare EA, Madera M, Gress DM, Meyer LR, editors. AJCC cancer staging manual. 8th ed. New York: Springer; 2017.
  18. Krediet JT, Beyer M, Lenz K, Ulrich C, Lange-Asschenfeldt B, Stockfleth E, Terhorst D. Sentinel lymph node biopsy and risk factors for predicting metastasis in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Br J Dermatol 2015;172:1029-1036. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.13508
  19. Mendez BM, Thornton JF. Current basal and squamous cell skin cancer management. Plast Reconstr Surg 2018;142:373e-387e. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0000000000004696
  20. Friedman BJ, Kohen LL. A case of pigmented penile intra-epithelial neoplasia: dermoscopic and clinicohistopa-thologic analysis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2015;72(1 Suppl):S71-S72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2014.09.039