Annals of Coloproctology

The Korean Society of Coloproctology (대한대장항문학회)
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Differences Regarding the Molecular Features and Gut Microbiota Between Right and Left Colon Cancer

  • Kim, Kwangmin (Big Data Research Group, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine) ;
  • Castro, Ernes John T. (Department of Surgery, The Medical City) ;
  • Shim, Hongjin (Division of Trauma Surgery and Surgical Critical Care, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine) ;
  • Advincula, John Vincent G. (Department of Surgery, Amang Memorial Rodriguez Medical Center) ;
  • Kim, Young-Wan (Big Data Research Group, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine)
  • Received : 2018.10.19
  • Accepted : 2018.12.17
  • Published : 2018.12.31
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Abstract

For many years, developmental and physiological differences have been known to exist between anatomic segments of the colorectum. Because of different outcomes, prognoses, and clinical responses to chemotherapy, the distinction between right colon cancer (RCC) and left colon cancer (LCC) has gained attention. Furthermore, variations in the molecular features and gut microbiota between right and LCCs have recently been a hot research topic. CpG island methylator phenotype-high, microsatellite instability-high colorectal cancers are more likely to occur on the right side whereas tumors with chromosomal instability have been detected in approximately 75% of LCC patients and 30% of RCC patients. The mutation rates of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes also differ between RCC and LCC patients. Biofilm is more abundant in RCC patients than LLC patients, as are Prevotella, Selenomonas, and Peptostreptococcus. Conversely, Fusobacterium, Escherichia/Shigella, and Leptotrichia are more abundant in LCC patients compared to RCC patients. Distinctive characteristics are apparent in terms of molecular features and gut microbiota between right and LCC. However, how or to what extent these differences influence diverging oncologic outcomes remains unclear. Further clinical and translational studies are needed to elucidate the causative relationship between primary tumor location and prognosis.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)

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