Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome

Korean Society for the Study of Obesity (대한비만학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Study of Fecal Calprotectin in Obese Children and Adults

  • Park, Shin Young (Department of Clinical Pathology, Cheju Halla University) ;
  • Kim, Woo Jin (Department of Laboratory Medicine, Cheju Halla General Hospital)
  • Received : 2018.06.24
  • Accepted : 2018.09.06
  • Published : 2018.12.30
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Background: Obesity is a complex, medical condition causally contributing to many chronic diseases and a number of efforts have been made to find the associated markers for novel prevention and treatment of obesity. Our study was to evaluate the relationship between gut immune response and obesity and overweight with use of fecal calprotectin (FC) both in adult and children groups. Methods: Fecal samples were obtained from 74 subjects: 14 non-obese and overweight children (PN), 13 obese and overweight children (PO), 20 non-obese and overweight adults (AN), and 27 obese and overweight adults (AO). FC was measured using a commercial Legend Max quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (BioLegend). Mann-Whitney U-test was used for statistical analysis. Results: Median FC concentration was $7.9{\mu}g/g$ (range, $1.9-28.9{\mu}g/g$) for PN, $5.0{\mu}g/g$ (range, $2.6-29.6{\mu}g/g$) for PO, $9.5{\mu}g/g$ (range, $0.8-28.9{\mu}g/g$) for AN, and $10.0{\mu}g/g$ (range, $1.6-25.6{\mu}g/g$) for AO, respectively. In both adults and children age groups, the FC showed no statistically significant difference between AO and AN or PO and PN. However, FC showed statistically significant difference (P<0.05) between AO and PO while not significant between AN and PN. Conclusion: FC level in AO was significantly higher than that in PO, suggestive of different pathophysiologic mechanism between children obesity and adults obesity.

Keywords

References

  1. Lim S. Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome: a new international journal targeting the pathophysiology and treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome. J Obes Metab Syndr 2017;26:81-3. https://doi.org/10.7570/jomes.2017.26.2.81
  2. World Health Organization. Fact sheet on obesity and overweight [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018 [cited 2018 Oct 16]. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/
  3. Engin A. The pathogenesis of obesity-associated adipose tissue inflammation. Adv Exp Med Biol 2017;960:221-45.
  4. Lewitt MS, Dent MS, Hall K. The insulin-like growth factor system in obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Med 2014;3:1561-74. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm3041561
  5. Prinz P, Stengel A. Control of food intake by gastrointestinal peptides: mechanisms of action and possible modulation in the treatment of obesity. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2017;23:180-96. https://doi.org/10.5056/jnm16194
  6. Pellegrini S, Sordi V, Bolla AM, Saita D, Ferrarese R, Canducci F, et al. Duodenal mucosa of patients with type 1 diabetes shows distinctive inflammatory profile and microbiota. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2017;102:1468-77. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2016-3222
  7. Bennike TB, Ellingsen T, Glerup H, Bonderup OK, Carlsen TG, Meyer MK, et al. Proteome analysis of rheumatoid arthritis gut mucosa. J Proteome Res 2017;16:346-54. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00598
  8. Lopez RN, Leach ST, Lemberg DA, Duvoisin G, Gearry RB, Day AS. Fecal biomarkers in inflammatory bowel disease. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017;32:577-82. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgh.13611
  9. Damo SM, Kehl-Fie TE, Sugitani N, Holt ME, Rathi S, Murphy WJ, et al. Molecular basis for manganese sequestration by calprotectin and roles in the innate immune response to invading bacterial pathogens. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2013;110:3841-6. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1220341110
  10. World Health Organization; Regional Office for the Western Pacific; International Diabetes Institute; International Association for the Study of Obesity; International Obesity Task Force. The Asia-Pacific perspective: redefining obesity and its treatment. Sydney: Health Communications Australia; 2000.
  11. Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; The Korean Pediatric Society; The Committee for the Development of Growth Standard for Korean Children and Adolescents. 2017 Korean children and adolescents growth standard (commentary for the development of 2017 growth chart). Cheongju: Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2017.
  12. Mendall MA, Chan D, Patel R, Kumar D. Faecal calprotectin: factors affecting levels and its potential role as a surrogate marker for risk of development of Crohn's Disease. BMC Gastroenterol 2016;16:126. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-016-0535-z
  13. Upadhyay J, Farr O, Perakakis N, Ghaly W, Mantzoros C. Obesity as a disease. Med Clin North Am 2018;102:13-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcna.2017.08.004
  14. Hotamisligil GS, Arner P, Caro JF, Atkinson RL, Spiegelman BM. Increased adipose tissue expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in human obesity and insulin resistance. J Clin Invest 1995;95:2409-15. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI117936
  15. Ding S, Lund PK. Role of intestinal inflammation as an early event in obesity and insulin resistance. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2011;14:328-33. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCO.0b013e3283478727
  16. Poullis A, Foster R, Shetty A, Fagerhol MK, Mendall MA. Bowel inflammation as measured by fecal calprotectin: a link between lifestyle factors and colorectal cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2004;13:279-84. https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-03-0160
  17. Verdam FJ, Fuentes S, de Jonge C, Zoetendal EG, Erbil R, Greve JW, et al. Human intestinal microbiota composition is associated with local and systemic inflammation in obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2013;21:E607-15. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.20466
  18. Spagnuolo MI, Cicalese MP, Caiazzo MA, Franzese A, Squeglia V, Assante LR, et al. Relationship between severe obesity and gut inflammation in children: what's next? Ital J Pediatr 2010;36:66. https://doi.org/10.1186/1824-7288-36-66
  19. Li F, Ma J, Geng S, Wang J, Liu J, Zhang J, et al. Fecal calprotectin concentrations in healthy children aged 1-18 months. PLoS One 2015;10:e0119574. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0119574
  20. Davidson F, Lock RJ. Paediatric reference ranges for faecal calprotectin: a UK study. Ann Clin Biochem 2017;54:214-8. https://doi.org/10.1177/0004563216639335
  21. Song JY, Lee YM, Choi YJ, Jeong SJ. Fecal calprotectin level in healthy children aged less than 4 years in South Korea. J Clin Lab Anal 2017;31:e22113. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcla.22113
  22. Lee YM, Min CY, Choi YJ, Jeong SJ. Delivery and feeding mode affects fecal calprotectin levels in infants <7 months old. Early Hum Dev 2017;108:45-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2017.03.014
  23. Hawley NL, Johnson W, Nu'usolia O, McGarvey ST. The contribution of feeding mode to obesogenic growth trajectories in American Samoan infants. Pediatr Obes 2014;9:e1-13. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2047-6310.2012.00137.x
  24. Andersson Y, Hammarstrom ML, Lonnerdal B, Graverholt G, Falt H, Hernell O. Formula feeding skews immune cell composition toward adaptive immunity compared to breastfeeding. J Immunol 2009;183:4322-8. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.0900829
  25. Halvorson EE, Ervin SE, Russell TB, Skelton JA, Davis S, Spangler J. Association of obesity and pediatric venous thromboembolism. Hosp Pediatr 2016;6:22-6. https://doi.org/10.1542/hpeds.2015-0039

Cited by

  1. Age-Related Fecal Calprotectin Concentrations in Healthy Adults vol.52, pp.3, 2018, https://doi.org/10.15324/kjcls.2020.52.3.181
  2. Association of obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with the fecal calprotectin level in children vol.21, pp.4, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajg.2020.09.003
  3. Association of clinical characteristics and lifestyle factors with fecal S100/calgranulin concentrations in healthy dogs vol.7, pp.4, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.469
  4. Fecal Calprotectin Is Increased in Stroke vol.11, pp.1, 2018, https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11010159