참고문헌
- Noseworthy PA, Kapa S, Deshmukh AJ, Madhavan M, Van Houten H, Haas LR, Mulpuru SK, McLeod CJ, Asirvatham SJ, Friedman PA, Shah ND, Packer DL. Risk of stroke after catheter ablation versus cardioversion for atrial fibrillation: A propensitymatched study of 24,244 patients. Heart Rhythm. 2015;12:1154-1161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2015.02.020
- Liu Y, Zhan X, Xue Y, Deng H, Fang X, Liao H, Huang J, Liu F, Liang Y, Wei W, Wu S. Incidence and outcomes of cerebrovascular events complicating catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. Europace. 2016;18:1357-1365. https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/euv356
- Deneke T, Jais P, Scaglione M, Schmitt R, L DIB, Christopoulos G, Schade A, Mugge A, Bansmann M, Nentwich K, Muller P, Krug J, Roos M, Halbfass P, Natale A, Gaita F, Haines D. Silent cerebral events/lesions related to atrial fibrillation ablation: a clinical review. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2015;26:455-463. https://doi.org/10.1111/jce.12608
- Ren JF, Marchlinski FE, Callans DJ. Left atrial thrombus associated with ablation for atrial fibrillation: identification with intracardiac echocardiography. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004;43:1861-1867. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2004.01.031
- Maleki K, Mohammadi R, Hart D, Cotiga D, Farhat N, Steinberg JS. Intracardiac ultrasound detection of thrombus on transseptal sheath: incidence, treatment, and prevention. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2005;16:561-565. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8167.2005.40686.x
- Sparks PB, Jayaprakash S, Vohra JK, Mond HG, Yapanis AG, Grigg LE, Kalman JM. Left atrial "stunning" following radiofrequency catheter ablation of chronic atrial flutter. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1998;32:468-475. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0735-1097(98)00253-8
- Hoyt H, Bhonsale A, Chilukuri K, Alhumaid F, Needleman M, Edwards D, Govil A, Nazarian S, Cheng A, Henrikson CA, Sinha S, Marine JE, Berger R, Calkins H, Spragg DD. Complications arising from catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: temporal trends and predictors. Heart Rhythm. 2011;8:1869-1874. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2011.07.025
- Chilukuri K, Mayer SA, Scherr D, Dalal D, Abraham T, Henrikson CA, Cheng A, Nazarian S, Sinha S, Spragg D, Berger R, Calkins H, Marine JE. Transoesophageal echocardiography predictors of periprocedural cerebrovascular accident in patients undergoing catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. Europace. 2010;12:1543-1549. https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/euq295
- Schernthaner C, Danmayr F, Daburger A, Eichinger J, Hammerer M, Strohmer B. High incidence of echocardiographic abnormalities of the interatrial septum in patients undergoing ablation for atrial fibrillation. Echocardiography. 2013;30:402-406. https://doi.org/10.1111/echo.12067
- McCready JW, Nunn L, Lambiase PD, Ahsan SY, Segal OR, Rowland E, Lowe MD, Chow AW. Incidence of left atrial thrombus prior to atrial fibrillation ablation: is pre-procedural transoesophageal echocardiography mandatory? Europace. 2010;12:927-932. https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/euq074
- Puwanant S, Varr BC, Shrestha K, Hussain SK, Tang WH, Gabriel RS, Wazni OM, Bhargava M, Saliba WI, Thomas JD, Lindsay BD, Klein AL. Role of the CHADS2 score in the evaluation of thromboembolic risk in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing transesophageal echocardiography before pulmonary vein isolation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;54:2032-2039. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2009.07.037
- Han JH, Shin DH, Lee HJ, Kim YJ, Lee SH, Shim J, Uhm JS, Kim JY, Chang HJ, Pak HN, Lee MH, Joung B. Routine preprocedural transesophageal echocardiography might not be necessary for stroke prevention evaluation in AF patients on anticoagulation therapy. Int J Cardiol. 2013;168:1992-1996. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.12.096
- Calkins H, Willems S, Gerstenfeld EP, Verma A, Schilling R, Hohnloser SH, Okumura K, Serota H, Nordaby M, Guiver K, Biss B, Brouwer MA, Grimaldi M, Investigators R-C. Uninterrupted Dabigatran versus Warfarin for Ablation in Atrial Fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2017;376:1627-1636. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1701005
- Kapa S, Martinez MW, Williamson EE, Ommen SR, Syed IS, Feng D, Packer DL, Brady PA. ECG-gated dual-source CT for detection of left atrial appendage thrombus in patients undergoing catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. J Interv Card Electrophysiol. 2010;29:75-81. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10840-010-9505-5
- Hong SJ, Kim JY, Kim JB, Sung JH, Wook Kim D, Uhm JS, Lee HJ, Jin Kim Y, Pak HN, Lee MH, Joung B. Multidetector computed tomography may be an adequate screening test to reduce periprocedural stroke in atrial fibrillation ablation: a multicenter propensity-matched analysis. Heart Rhythm. 2014;11:763-770. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2014.01.026
- Romero J, Husain SA, Kelesidis I, Sanz J, Medina HM, Garcia MJ. Detection of left atrial appendage thrombus by cardiac computed tomography in patients with atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013;6:185-194. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.112.000153
- Saksena S, Sra J, Jordaens L, Kusumoto F, Knight B, Natale A, Kocheril A, Nanda NC, Nagarakanti R, Simon AM, Viggiano MA, Lokhandwala T, Chandler ML, Group I-CIS. A prospective comparison of cardiac imaging using intracardiac echocardiography with transesophageal echocardiography in patients with atrial fibrillation: the intracardiac echocardiography guided cardioversion helps interventional procedures study. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2010;3:571-577. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCEP.110.936161
- Anter E, Silverstein J, Tschabrunn CM, Shvilkin A, Haffajee CI, Zimetbaum PJ, Buxton AE, Josephson ME, Gelfand E, Manning WJ. Comparison of intracardiac echocardiography and transesophageal echocardiography for imaging of the right and left atrial appendages. Heart Rhythm. 2014;11:1890-1897. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2014.07.015
- Sriram CS, Banchs JE, Moukabary T, Moradkhan R, Gonzalez MD. Detection of left atrial thrombus by intracardiac echocardiography in patients undergoing ablation of atrial fibrillation. J Interv Card Electrophysiol. 2015;43:227-236. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10840-015-0008-2
- Kwak JJ, Pak HN, Jang JK, Kim SK, Park JH, Choi JI, Hwang C, Kim YH. Safety and convenience of continuous warfarin strategy during the periprocedural period in patients who underwent catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2010;21:620-625.
- Di Biase L, Burkhardt JD, Santangeli P, Mohanty P, Sanchez JE, Horton R, Gallinghouse GJ, Themistoclakis S, Rossillo A, Lakkireddy D, Reddy M, Hao S, Hongo R, Beheiry S, Zagrodzky J, Rong B, Mohanty S, Elayi CS, Forleo G, Pelargonio G, Narducci ML, Dello Russo A, Casella M, Fassini G, Tondo C, Schweikert RA, Natale A. Periprocedural stroke and bleeding complications in patients undergoing catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation with different anticoagulation management: results from the Role of Coumadin in Preventing Thromboembolism in Atrial Fibrillation (AF) Patients Undergoing Catheter Ablation (COMPARE) randomized trial. Circulation. 2014;129:2638-2644. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.006426
- Bassiouny M, Saliba W, Rickard J, Shao M, Sey A, Diab M, Martin DO, Hussein A, Khoury M, Abi-Saleh B, Alam S, Sengupta J, Borek PP, Baranowski B, Niebauer M, Callahan T, Varma N, Chung M, Tchou PJ, Kanj M, Dresing T, Lindsay BD, Wazni O. Use of dabigatran for periprocedural anticoagulation in patients undergoing catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2013;6:460-466. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCEP.113.000320
- Providencia R, Marijon E, Albenque JP, Combes S, Combes N, Jourda F, Hireche H, Morais J, Boveda S. Rivaroxaban and dabigatran in patients undergoing catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. Europace. 2014;16:1137-1144. https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/euu007
- Di Biase L, Lakkireddy D, Trivedi C, Deneke T, Martinek M, Mohanty S, Mohanty P, Prakash S, Bai R, Reddy M, Gianni C, Horton R, Bailey S, Sigmund E, Derndorfer M, Schade A, Mueller P, Szoelloes A, Sanchez J, Al-Ahmad A, Hranitzky P, Gallinghouse GJ, Hongo RH, Beheiry S, Purerfellner H, Burkhardt JD, Natale A. Feasibility and safety of uninterrupted periprocedural apixaban administration in patients undergoing radiofrequency catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation: Results from a multicenter study. Heart Rhythm. 2015;12:1162-1168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2015.02.028
- Cappato R, Marchlinski FE, Hohnloser SH, Naccarelli GV, Xiang J, Wilber DJ, Ma CS, Hess S, Wells DS, Juang G, Vijgen J, Hugl BJ, Balasubramaniam R, De Chillou C, Davies DW, Fields LE, Natale A, Investigators V-A. Uninterrupted rivaroxaban vs. uninterrupted vitamin K antagonists for catheter ablation in non-valvular atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J. 2015;36:1805-1811. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehv177
- Kirchhof P, Haeusler KG, Blank B, De Bono J, Callans D, Elvan A, Fetsch T, Van Gelder IC, Gentlesk P, Grimaldi M, Hansen J, Hindricks G, Al-Khalidi HR, Massaro T, Mont L, Nielsen JC, Nolker G, Piccini JP, De Potter T, Scherr D, Schotten U, Themistoclakis S, Todd D, Vijgen J, Di Biase L. Apixaban in patients at risk of stroke undergoing atrial fibrillation ablation. Eur Heart J. 2018;39:2942-2955. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehy176
- Briceno DF, Villablanca PA, Lupercio F, Kargoli F, Jagannath A, Londono A, Patel J, Otusanya O, Brevik J, Maraboto C, Berardi C, Krumerman A, Palma E, Kim SG, Natale A, L DIB. Clinical Impact of Heparin Kinetics During Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation: Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2016;27:683-693. https://doi.org/10.1111/jce.12975
- Shin DG, Kim TH, Uhm JS, Kim JY, Joung B, Lee MH, Pak HN. Early Experience of Novel Oral Anticoagulants in Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation: Efficacy and Safety Comparison to Warfarin. Yonsei Med J. 2016;57:342-349. https://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2016.57.2.342
- Armbruster HL, Lindsley JP, Moranville MP, Habibi M, Khurram IM, Spragg DD, Berger RD, Calkins H, Marine JE. Safety of novel oral anticoagulants compared with uninterrupted warfarin for catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. Ann Pharmacother. 2015;49:278-284. https://doi.org/10.1177/1060028014563950
- Lakshmanadoss U, Wong WS, Kutinsky I, Khalid MR, Williamson B, Haines DE. Figure-of-eight suture for venous hemostasis in fully anticoagulated patients after atrial fibrillation catheter ablation. Indian Pacing Electrophysiol J. 2017;17:134-139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipej.2017.02.003
- Pollack CV, Jr., Reilly PA, Eikelboom J, Glund S, Verhamme P, Bernstein RA, Dubiel R, Huisman MV, Hylek EM, Kamphuisen PW, Kreuzer J, Levy JH, Sellke FW, Stangier J, Steiner T, Wang B, Kam CW, Weitz JI. Idarucizumab for Dabigatran Reversal. N Engl J Med. 2015;373:511-520. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1502000
- Majeed A, Eelde A, Agren A, Schulman S, Holmstrom M. Thromboembolic safety and efficacy of prothrombin complex concentrates in the emergency reversal of warfarin coagulopathy. Thromb Res. 2012;129:146-151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.thromres.2011.07.024
- Bunch TJ, Crandall BG, Weiss JP, May HT, Bair TL, Osborn JS, Anderson JL, Muhlestein JB, Horne BD, Lappe DL, Day JD. Patients treated with catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation have long-term rates of death, stroke, and dementia similar to patients without atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2011;22:839-845. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8167.2011.02035.x
- Riley MP, Zado E, Hutchinson MD, Lin D, Bala R, Garcia FC, Callans DJ, Cooper JM, Verdino RJ, Dixit S, Marchlinski FE. Risk of stroke or transient ischemic attack after atrial fibrillation ablation with oral anticoagulant use guided by ECG monitoring and pulse assessment. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2014;25:591-659. https://doi.org/10.1111/jce.12387
- Zuern CS, Kilias A, Berlitz P, Seizer P, Gramlich M, Muller K, Duckheim M, Gawaz M, Schreieck J. Anticoagulation after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation guided by implantable cardiac monitors. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2015;38:688-693. https://doi.org/10.1111/pace.12625
- Piccini JP, Lopes RD, Kong MH, Hasselblad V, Jackson K, Al-Khatib SM. Pulmonary vein isolation for the maintenance of sinus rhythm in patients with atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2009;2:626-633. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCEP.109.856633
- Saad EB, d'Avila A, Costa IP, Aryana A, Slater C, Costa RE, Inacio LA, Jr., Maldonado P, Neto DM, Camiletti A, Camanho LE, Polanczyk CA. Very low risk of thromboembolic events in patients undergoing successful catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation with a CHADS2 score =3: a long-term outcome study. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2011;4:615-621. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCEP.111.963231
- Noseworthy PA, Yao X, Deshmukh AJ, Van Houten H, Sangaralingham LR, Siontis KC, Piccini JP, Sr., Asirvatham SJ, Friedman PA, Packer DL, Gersh BJ, Shah ND. Patterns of Anticoagulation Use and Cardioembolic Risk After Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation. J Am Heart Assoc. 2015;4.
- Nuhrich JM, Kuck KH, Andresen D, Steven D, Spitzer SG, Hoffmann E, Schumacher B, Eckardt L, Brachmann J, Lewalter T, Hochadel M, Senges J, Willems S, Hoffmann BA. Oral anticoagulation is frequently discontinued after ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation despite previous stroke: data from the German Ablation Registry. Clin Res Cardiol. 2015;104:463-470. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00392-014-0804-1
- Themistoclakis S, Corrado A, Marchlinski FE, Jais P, Zado E, Rossillo A, Di Biase L, Schweikert RA, Saliba WI, Horton R, Mohanty P, Patel D, Burkhardt DJ, Wazni OM, Bonso A, Callans DJ, Haissaguerre M, Raviele A, Natale A. The risk of thromboembolism and need for oral anticoagulation after successful atrial fibrillation ablation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;55:735-743. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2009.11.039
- Sjalander S, Holmqvist F, Smith JG, Platonov PG, Kesek M, Svensson PJ, Blomstrom-Lundqvist C, Tabrizi F, Tapanainen J, Poci D, Jonsson A, Sjalander A. Assessment of Use vs Discontinuation of Oral Anticoagulation After Pulmonary Vein Isolation in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation. JAMA Cardiol. 2017;2:146-152. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2016.4179
- Uhm JS, Won H, Joung B, Nam GB, Choi KJ, Lee MH, Kim YH, Pak HN. Safety and efficacy of switching anticoagulation to aspirin three months after successful radiofrequency catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. Yonsei Med J. 2014;55:1238-1245. https://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2014.55.5.1238
- Kim DH, Lee DI, Ahn J, Lee KN, Roh SY, Shim J, Choi JI, Kim YH. Ischemic stroke risk during long-term follow up in patients with successful catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in Korea. PLoS One. 2018;13:e0201061. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201061
- Di Biase L, Conti S, Mohanty P, Bai R, Sanchez J, Walton D, John A, Santangeli P, Elayi CS, Beheiry S, Gallinghouse GJ, Mohanty S, Horton R, Bailey S, Burkhardt JD, Natale A. General anesthesia reduces the prevalence of pulmonary vein reconnection during repeat ablation when compared with conscious sedation: results from a randomized study. Heart Rhythm. 2011;8:368-72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2010.10.043
- Hutchinson MD, Garcia FC, Mandel JE, Elkassabany N, Zado ES, Riley MP, Cooper JM, Bala R, Frankel DS, Lin D, Supple GE, Dixit S, Gerstenfeld EP, Callans DJ and Marchlinski FE. Efforts to enhance catheter stability improve atrial fibrillation ablation outcome. Heart Rhythm. 2013;10:347-353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2012.10.044
- Cummings JE, Schweikert RA, Saliba WI, Burkhardt JD, Kilikaslan F, Saad E, Natale A. Brief communication: atrialesophageal fistulas after radiofrequency ablation. Ann Intern Med. 2006;144:572-574. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-144-8-200604180-00007
- Kim YG, Shim J, Kim DH, Choi JI, Park SW, Pak HN, Kim YH. Characteristics of atrial fibrillation patients suffering atrioesophageal fistula after radiofrequency catheter ablation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2018.
- Shah D, Dumonceau JM, Burri H, Sunthorn H, Schroft A, Gentil-Baron P, Yokoyama Y, Takahashi A. Acute pyloric spasm and gastric hypomotility: an extracardiac adverse effect of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;46:327-330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2005.04.030
- Jang SW, Kwon BJ, Choi MS, Kim DB, Shin WS, Cho EJ, Kim JH, Oh YS, Lee MY, Rho TH, Kim JH, Lee BY, Kim HL, Jung JI, Song KS. Computed tomographic analysis of the esophagus, left atrium, and pulmonary veins: implications for catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. J Interv Card Electrophysiol. 2011;32:1-6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10840-011-9594-9
- Lim HW, Cogert GA, Cameron CS, Cheng VY, Sandler DA. Atrioesophageal fistula during cryoballoon ablation for atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2014;25:208-213. https://doi.org/10.1111/jce.12313
- Neven K, Schmidt B, Metzner A, Otomo K, Nuyens D, De Potter T, Chun KR, Ouyang F, Kuck KH. Fatal end of a safety algorithm for pulmonary vein isolation with use of high-intensity focused ultrasound. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2010;3:260-265. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCEP.109.922930
- Contreras-Valdes FM, Heist EK, Danik SB, Barrett CD, Blendea D, Brugge WR, Ptaszek L, Ruskin JN, Mansour M. Severity of esophageal injury predicts time to healing after radiofrequency catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm. 2011;8:1862-1868. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2011.07.022
- Kuwahara T, Takahashi A, Kobori A, Miyazaki S, Takahashi Y, Takei A, Nozato T, Hikita H, Sato A, Aonuma K. Safe and effective ablation of atrial fibrillation: importance of esophageal temperature monitoring to avoid periesophageal nerve injury as a complication of pulmonary vein isolation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2009;20:1-6. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8167.2008.01280.x
- Tschabrunn CM, Silverstein J, Berzin T, Ellis E, Buxton AE, Josephson ME, Anter E. Comparison between single- and multisensor oesophageal temperature probes during atrial fibrillation ablation: thermodynamic characteristics. Europace. 2015;17:891-897. https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/euu356
- Carroll BJ, Contreras-Valdes FM, Heist EK, Barrett CD, Danik SB, Ruskin JN, Mansour M. Multi-sensor esophageal temperature probe used during radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation is associated with increased intraluminal temperature detection and increased risk of esophageal injury compared to single-sensor probe. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2013;24:958-964. https://doi.org/10.1111/jce.12180
- Kuwahara T, Takahashi A, Okubo K, Takagi K, Yamao K, Nakashima E, Kawaguchi N, Takigawa M, Watari Y, Sugiyama T, Handa K, Kimura S, Hikita H, Sato A, Aonuma K. Oesophageal cooling with ice water does not reduce the incidence of oesophageal lesions complicating catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: randomized controlled study. Europace. 2014;16:834-839. https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/eut368
- Koruth JS, Reddy VY, Miller MA, Patel KK, Coffey JO, Fischer A, Gomes JA, Dukkipati S, D'Avila A, Mittnacht A. Mechanical esophageal displacement during catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2012;23:147-154. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8167.2011.02162.x
- Zellerhoff S, Lenze F, Eckardt L. Prophylactic proton pump inhibition after atrial fibrillation ablation: is there any evidence? Europace. 2011;13:1219-1221. https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/eur139
- Martinek M, Meyer C, Hassanein S, Aichinger J, Bencsik G, Schoefl R, Boehm G, Nesser HJ, Purerfellner H. Identification of a high-risk population for esophageal injury during radiofrequency catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: procedural and anatomical considerations. Heart Rhythm. 2010;7:1224-1230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2010.02.027
- Halm U, Gaspar T, Zachaus M, Sack S, Arya A, Piorkowski C, Knigge I, Hindricks G, Husser D. Thermal esophageal lesions after radiofrequency catheter ablation of left atrial arrhythmias. Am J Gastroenterol. 2010;105:551-556. https://doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2009.625
- Knopp H, Halm U, Lamberts R, Knigge I, Zachaus M, Sommer P, Richter S, Bollmann A, Hindricks G, Husser D. Incidental and ablation-induced findings during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in patients after ablation of atrial fibrillation: a retrospective study of 425 patients. Heart Rhythm. 2014;11:574-578. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2014.01.010
- Singh SM, d'Avila A, Singh SK, Stelzer P, Saad EB, Skanes A, Aryana A, Chinitz JS, Kulina R, Miller MA, Reddy VY. Clinical outcomes after repair of left atrial esophageal fistulas occurring after atrial fibrillation ablation procedures. Heart Rhythm. 2013;10:1591-1597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2013.08.012
- Mohanty S. Outcomes of atrio-esophageal fistula following catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation treated with surgical repair versus esophageal stenting. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2014;25:E6. https://doi.org/10.1111/jce.12494
- Gunes MF, Gokoglan Y, L DIB, Gianni C, Mohanty S, Horton R, Bailey S, Natale A. Ablating the Posterior Heart: Cardioesophageal Fistula Complicating Radiofrequency Ablation in the Coronary Sinus. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2015;26:1376-1378. https://doi.org/10.1111/jce.12831
- Queneherve L, Musquer N, Leaute F, Coron E. Endoscopic management of an esophagopericardial fistula after radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation. World J Gastroenterol. 2013;19:3352-3353. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v19.i21.3352
- Qadeer MA, Dumot JA, Vargo JJ, Lopez AR, Rice TW. Endoscopic clips for closing esophageal perforations: case report and pooled analysis. Gastrointest Endosc. 2007;66:605-611. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2007.03.1028
- Santangeli P, Di Biase L, Horton R, Burkhardt JD, Sanchez J, Al-Ahmad A, Hongo R, Beheiry S, Bai R, Mohanty P, Lewis WR, Natale A. Ablation of atrial fibrillation under therapeutic warfarin reduces periprocedural complications: evidence from a metaanalysis. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2012;5:302-311. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCEP.111.964916
- Hohnloser SH, Camm AJ. Safety and efficacy of dabigatran etexilate during catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: a metaanalysis of the literature. Europace. 2013;15:1407-1411. https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/eut241
- January CT, Wann LS, Alpert JS, Calkins H, Cigarroa JE, Cleveland JC, Jr., Conti JB, Ellinor PT, Ezekowitz MD, Field ME, Murray KT, Sacco RL, Stevenson WG, Tchou PJ, Tracy CM, Yancy CW, American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice G. 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;64:e1-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2014.03.022
- Kirchhof P, Benussi S, Kotecha D, Ahlsson A, Atar D, Casadei B, Castella M, Diener HC, Heidbuchel H, Hendriks J, Hindricks G, Manolis AS, Oldgren J, Popescu BA, Schotten U, Van Putte B, Vardas P, Agewall S, Camm J, Baron Esquivias G, Budts W, Carerj S, Casselman F, Coca A, De Caterina R, Deftereos S, Dobrev D, Ferro JM, Filippatos G, Fitzsimons D, Gorenek B, Guenoun M, Hohnloser SH, Kolh P, Lip GY, Manolis A, McMurray J, Ponikowski P, Rosenhek R, Ruschitzka F, Savelieva I, Sharma S, Suwalski P, Tamargo JL, Taylor CJ, Van Gelder IC, Voors AA, Windecker S, Zamorano JL, Zeppenfeld K. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2016;50:e1-e88. https://doi.org/10.1093/ejcts/ezw313
- Bin Abdulhak AA, Khan AR, Tleyjeh IM, Spertus JA, Sanders SU, Steigerwalt KE, Garbati MA, Bahmaid RA, Wimmer AP. Safety and efficacy of interrupted dabigatran for peri-procedural anticoagulation in catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Europace. 2013;15:1412-1420. https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/eut239
- Chilukuri K, Henrikson CA, Dalal D, Scherr D, MacPherson EC, Cheng A, Spragg D, Nazarian S, Sinha S, Berger R, Marine JE, Calkins H. Incidence and outcomes of protamine reactions in patients undergoing catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. J Interv Card Electrophysiol. 2009;25:175-181. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10840-009-9364-0
- European Heart Rhythm A, European Cardiac Arrhythmia S, American College of C, American Heart A, Society of Thoracic S, Calkins H, Brugada J, Packer DL, Cappato R, Chen SA, Crijns HJ, Damiano RJ, Jr., Davies DW, Haines DE, Haissaguerre M, Iesaka Y, Jackman W, Jais P, Kottkamp H, Kuck KH, Lindsay BD, Marchlinski FE, McCarthy PM, Mont JL, Morady F, Nademanee K, Natale A, Pappone C, Prystowsky E, Raviele A, Ruskin JN, Shemin RJ. HRS/EHRA/ECAS expert Consensus Statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: recommendations for personnel, policy, procedures and follow-up. A report of the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) Task Force on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm. 2007;4:816-861. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2007.04.005
- Calkins H, Kuck KH, Cappato R, Brugada J, Camm AJ, Chen SA, Crijns HJ, Damiano RJ, Jr., Davies DW, DiMarco J, Edgerton J, Ellenbogen K, Ezekowitz MD, Haines DE, Haissaguerre M, Hindricks G, Iesaka Y, Jackman W, Jalife J, Jais P, Kalman J, Keane D, Kim YH, Kirchhof P, Klein G, Kottkamp H, Kumagai K, Lindsay BD, Mansour M, Marchlinski FE, McCarthy PM, Mont JL, Morady F, Nademanee K, Nakagawa H, Natale A, Nattel S, Packer DL, Pappone C, Prystowsky E, Raviele A, Reddy V, Ruskin JN, Shemin RJ, Tsao HM, Wilber D, Heart Rhythm Society Task Force on C and Surgical Ablation of Atrial F. 2012 HRS/EHRA/ECAS expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: recommendations for patient selection, procedural techniques, patient management and followup, definitions, endpoints, and research trial design: a report of the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) Task Force on Catheter and Surgical Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation. Developed in partnership with the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA), a registered branch of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Cardiac Arrhythmia Society (ECAS); and in collaboration with the American College of Cardiology (ACC), American Heart Association (AHA), the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS), and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS). Endorsed by the governing bodies of the American College of Cardiology Foundation, the American Heart Association, the European Cardiac Arrhythmia Society, the European Heart Rhythm Association, the Society of Thoracic Surgeons, the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society, and the Heart Rhythm Society. Heart Rhythm. 2012;9:632-696 e21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2011.12.016