Journal of the Korean society of biological therapies in psychiatry (생물치료정신의학)

The Korean Society of Biological Therapies in Psychiatry (대한생물치료정신의학회)
권호 표지

Insomnia in Patients with Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation(HSCT)

조혈모세포 이식 환자의 불면증

  • Lee, Sang-Shin (Department of Psychiatry, Kosin University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Hyunseuk (Busan Military Manpower Administration)
  • 이상신 (고신대학교 복음병원 정신건강의학과) ;
  • 김현석 (부산지방병무청)
  • Received : 2018.08.14
  • Accepted : 2018.09.19
  • Published : 2018.10.31

⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Insomnia in patients with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT) has been underdiagnosed and undertreated. This study reviewed the frequency, characteristics, physical and psychological effects, and treatments of insomnia in HSCT patients to highlight clinical importance in this specialized population. Furthermore, the authors intended to suggest a model that would conceptualize insomnia in the context of HSCT. In the pre-transplant period, about half of patients with HSCT suffered from sleep disturbance. A substantial number of patients experienced distressing insomnia during the HSCT procedure and recovered to the level of the pre-transplant period. However, sleep disruption could be a chronic symptom in HSCT survivors and could negatively impact quality of control, cancer-related fatigue(CRF), immune function, and psychological distress. The 3P's model(Predisposing, Precipitating, Perpetuating) explains insomnia in cancer population and could be also relevant to HSCT patients with specific consideration of CRF, graft-versus-host diseases, specific properties of hematological disease, and protective isolated milieu. Effective treatment of insomnia in HSCT includes non-pharmacological(e.g., cognitive behavioral therapy, environmental modification) and pharmacological interventions. The decision of pharmacological treatment should be based on the issue of safety due to high risk of potential drug-drug interactions. Screening, treatment, and further research of insomnia in HSCT patients using validated subjective and/or objective measures are warranted.

Keywords

References

  1. 김병국. 조혈모세포이식. 박재갑, 박찬일, 김노경 편저. 종양학. 서울: 일조각; 2003. p. 983-91.
  2. Niederwieser D, Baldomero H, Szer J, Gratwohl M, Aljurf M, Atsuta Y, et al. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation activity worldwide in 2012 and a SWOT analysis of the worldwide network for blood and marrow transplantation group including the global survey. Bone Marrow Transplant 2016;51:778-85. https://doi.org/10.1038/bmt.2016.18
  3. Majhail NS, Farnia SH, Carpenter PA, Champlin RE, Crawford S, Marks DI, et al. Indications for autologous and allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: guidelines from the american society for blood and marrow transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2015;21:1863-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbmt.2015.07.032
  4. 대한적십자사혈액관리본부. 소개 및 현황. [cited 2018 Aug 6]. Available from: URL:http://www.bloodinfo.net/stemcelldonation_intro.do.
  5. 박상은. 조혈모세포이식 환자의 무균실 입원 중 수면에 관한 서술적 질적 연구 [석사학위]. 대구: 계명대학교; 2016.
  6. Okamoto S. Current indication for hematopoietic cell transplantation in adults. Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Ther 2017;10:178-83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hemonc.2017.05.007
  7. Jim HSL, Evans B, Jeong JM, Gonzalez BD, Johnston L, Nelson AM, et al. Sleep disruption in hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients: prevalence, severity, and clinical management. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2014;20:1465-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbmt.2014.04.010
  8. Jim HS, Sutton SK, Jacobsen PB, Martin PJ, Flowers ME, Lee SJ. Risk factors for depression and fatigue among survivors of hematopoietic cell transplantation. Cancer 2016;122:1290-7. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.29877
  9. Cheung YT, Brinkman TM, Mulrooney DA, Mzayek Y, Liu W, Banerjee P, et al. Impact of sleep, fatigue, and systemic inflammation on neurocognitive and behavioral outcomes in long-term survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer 2017;123:3410-9. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.30742
  10. Wu HS, Davis JE, Natavio T. Fatigue and disrupted sleep-wake patterns in patients with cancer: a shared mechanism. Clin J Oncol Nurs 2012;16:E56-68. https://doi.org/10.1188/12.CJON.E56-E68
  11. Ghazikhanian SE, Dorfman CS, Somers TJ, O'Sullivan ML, Fisher HM, Edmond SN, et al. Cognitive problems following hematopoietic stem cell transplant: relationships with sleep, depression and fatigue. Bone Marrow Transplant 2017;52:279-84. https://doi.org/10.1038/bmt.2016.248
  12. Nelson AM, Coe CL, Juckett MB, Rumble ME, Rathouz PJ, Hematti P, et al. Sleep quality following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: longitudinal trajectories and biobehavioral correlates. Bone Marrow Transplant 2014;49:1405-11. https://doi.org/10.1038/bmt.2014.179
  13. 최소은, 박혜령, 박호란. 조혈모세포 이식환자의 입원 후 수면의 질과 수면양상의 변화. 한국 호스피스 완화의료학회지 2005;8:37-44.
  14. Sayadi L, Jafaraghaee F, Jeddian A, Atrian MK, Akbari A, Tootoonchian F. Views of patients undergo hematopoietic stem cell transplantation on their basic needs. Int J Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Res 2013;7:23-9.
  15. Savard J, Morin CM. Insomnia in the context of cancer: a review of a neglected problem. J Clin Oncol 2001;19:895-908. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2001.19.3.895
  16. Howell D, Oliver TK, Keller-Olaman S, Davidson JR, Garland S, Samuels C, et al. Sleep disturbance in adults with cancer: a systematic review of evidence for best practices in assessment and management for clinical practice. Ann Oncol 2014;25:791-800. https://doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdt506
  17. Morin CM. Insomnia: psychological assessment and management. New York: Guilford Press; 1993. p.3-6.
  18. American Psychiatric Association. 정신질환의 진단 및 통계편람 제5판. 서울: 학지사; 2015. p. 392-394.
  19. Coleman EA, Goodwin JA, Coon SK, Richards K, Enderlin C, Kennedy R, et al. Fatigue, sleep, pain, mood, and performance status in patients with multiple myeloma. Cancer Nurs 2011;34:219-27. https://doi.org/10.1097/NCC.0b013e3181f9904d
  20. D'Souza A, Millard H, Knight J, Brazauskas R, Lee SJ, Flynn KE, et al. Prevalence of self-reported sleep dysfunction before allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2018;53:1079-82. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41409-018-0150-4
  21. Lee MS, Asvat Y, Gonzalez BD, Jacobsen PB, Jim HS. Coping, stress, and insomnia in hematopoietic stem cell transplant candidates. Psychooncology 2017;26:560-2. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.4134
  22. Sohn SI, Kim DH, Lee MY, Cho YW. The reliability and validity of the korean version of the pittsburgh sleep quality index. Sleep Breath 2012;16:803-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-011-0579-9
  23. Enderlin CA, Coleman EA, Davila D, Richards K, Jegley SM, Kennedy R, et al. Sleep measured by polysomnography in patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy for multiple myeloma prior to stem cell transplantation. Oncol Nurs Forum 2013;40:73-81. https://doi.org/10.1188/13.ONF.73-81
  24. Savard J, Ivers H, Villa J, Caplette-Gingras A, Morin CM. Natural course of insomnia comorbid with cancer: an 18-month longitudinal study. J Clin Oncol 2011;29:3580-6. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2010.33.2247
  25. Fann JR, Levy M. Hematopoietic dyscrasias and stem cell transplantation. In: Holland JC, Breitbart W, Butow P, Jacobsen PB, Loscalzo M, McCorkle R, editors. Psycho-oncology. 3rd ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 2015. p. 144-54.
  26. Rischer J, Scherwath A, Zander AR, Koch U, Schulz-Kindermann F. Sleep disturbances and emotional distress in the acute course of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2009;44:121-8. https://doi.org/10.1038/bmt.2008.430
  27. Bevans MF, Mitchell SA, Marden S. The symptom experience in the first 100 days following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT). Support Care Cancer 2008;16:1243-54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-008-0420-6
  28. Anderson KO, Giralt SA, Mendoza TR, Brown JO, Neumann JL, Mobley GM, et al. Symptom burden in patients undergoing autologous stem-cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2007;39:759-66. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bmt.1705664
  29. Cohen MZ, Rozmus CL, Mendoza TR, Padhye NS, Neumann J, Gning I, et al. Symptoms and quality of life in diverse patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. J Pain Symptom Manage 2012;44:168-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2011.08.011
  30. Kim R, Son KL, Lee KM, Choi Y, Hong J, Shin DY, et al. Temporal trajectory of quality of life and its predictors in recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Ann Hematol 2018;97:1407-15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-018-3319-4
  31. Boonstra L, Harden K, Jarvis S, Palmer S, Kavanaugh-Carveth P, Barnett J, et al. Sleep disturbance in hospitalized recipients of stem cell transplantation. Clin J Oncol Nurs 2011;15:271-6. https://doi.org/10.1188/11.CJON.271-276
  32. Savard J, Savard MH. Insomnia and cancer: prevalence, nature, and nonpharmacologic treatment. Sleep Med Clin 2013;8:373-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsmc.2013.04.006
  33. Lowery AE. Sleep and cancer. In: Holland JC, Breitbart W, Butow P, Jacobsen PB, Loscalzo M, McCorkle R, ed. Psycho-oncology. 3rd ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 2015. p. 231-8.
  34. Nelson AM, Jim HSL, Small BJ, Nishihori T, Gonzalez BD, Cessna JM, et al. Sleep disruption among cancer patients following autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2018;53:307-14. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41409-017-0022-3
  35. Faulhaber GA, Furlanetto TW, Astigarraga CC, Moser Filho HL, Paludo AP, Silla LM. Association of busulfan and cyclophosphamide conditioning with sleep disorders after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Acta Haematol 2010;124:125-8. https://doi.org/10.1159/000314957
  36. Jim HSL, Sutton S, Majhail NS, Wood WA, Jacobsen PB, Wingard JR, et al. Severity, course, and predictors of sleep disruption following hematopoietic cell transplantation: a secondary data analysis from the BMT CTN 0902 trial. Bone Marrow Transplant 2018;53:1038-43. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41409-018-0138-0
  37. Pidala J, Anasetti C, Jim H. Quality of life after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Blood 2009;114:7-19.
  38. Applebaum AJ, Bevans M, Son T, Evans K, Hernandez M, Giralt S, et al. A scoping review of caregiver burden during allogeneic HSCT: lessons learned and future directions. Bone Marrow Transplant 2016;51:1416-22. https://doi.org/10.1038/bmt.2016.164
  39. Hjermstad M, Knobel H, Brinch L, Fayers P, Loge J, Holte H, et al. A prospective study of health-related quality of life, fatigue, anxiety and depression 3-5 years after stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2004;34:257-66. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bmt.1704561
  40. Diez-Campelo M, Perez-Simon J, Gonzalez-Porras J, Garcia-Cecilia J, Salinero M, Caballero M, et al. Quality of life assessment in patients undergoing reduced intensity conditioning allogeneic as compared to autologous transplantation: results of a prospective study. Bone Marrow Transplant 2004;34:729-38. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bmt.1704646
  41. Bevans M. Health-related quality of life following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2010;2010:248-54. https://doi.org/10.1182/asheducation-2010.1.248
  42. Boyes AW, Clinton-McHarg T, Waller AE, Steele A, D'Este CA, Sanson-Fisher RW. Prevalence and correlates of the unmet supportive care needs of individuals diagnosed with a haematological malignancy. Acta Oncol 2015;54:507-14. https://doi.org/10.3109/0284186X.2014.958527
  43. Miller AH, Ancoli-Israel S, Bower JE, Capuron L, Irwin MR. Neuroendocrine-immune mechanisms of behavioral comorbidities in patients with cancer. J Clin Oncol 2008;26:971-82. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2007.10.7805
  44. Savard J, Laroche L, Simard S, Ivers H, Morin CM. Chronic insomnia and immune functioning. Psychosom Med 2003;65:211-21. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.PSY.0000033126.22740.F3
  45. Savard J, Simard S, Ivers H, Morin CM. Randomized study on the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia secondary to breast cancer, part II: immunologic effects. J Clin Oncol 2005;23:6097-106. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2005.12.513
  46. Spielman AJ, Glovinsky PB. The varied nature of insomnia. In: Hauri PJ, editors. Case studies in insomnia. New York: Springer Science & Business Media; 1991. p. 1-15.
  47. Matthews EE, Tanner JM, Dumont NA. Sleep disturbances in acutely ill patients with cancer. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am 2016;28:253-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnc.2016.02.006
  48. Andrykowski M, Carpenter J, Greiner C, Altmaier E, Burish T, Antin J, et al. Energy level and sleep quality following bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 1997;20:669-79. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bmt.1700949
  49. Heinonen H, Volin L, Uutela A, Zevon M, Barrick C, Ruutu T. Gender-associated differences in the quality of life after allogeneic BMT. Bone Marrow Transplant 2001;28:503-9. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bmt.1703158
  50. Watson M, Buck G, Wheatley K, Homewood J, Goldstone A, Rees J, et al. Adverse impact of bone marrow transplantation on quality of life in acute myeloid leukaemia patients: analysis of the UK medical research council AML 10 trial. Eur J Cancer 2004;40:971-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0959-8049(03)00628-2
  51. Sherman AC, Coleman EA, Griffith K, Simonton S, Hine RJ, Cromer J, et al. Use of a supportive care team for screening and preemptive intervention among multiple myeloma patients receiving stem cell transplantation. 2003;11:568-74. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-003-0464-6
  52. Wagner LI, Cella D. Fatigue and cancer: causes, prevalence and treatment approaches. Br J Cancer 2004;91:822-8. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjc.6602012
  53. Barata A, Wood WA, Choi SW, Jim HS. Unmet needs for psychosocial care in hematologic malignancies and hematopoietic cell transplant. Curr Hematol Malig Rep 2016;11:280-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11899-016-0328-z
  54. Ram R, Gafter-Gvili A, Yeshurun M, Paul M, Raanani P, Shpilberg O. Prophylaxis regimens for GVHD: systematic review and meta-analysis. Bone Marrow Transplant 2009;43:643-53. https://doi.org/10.1038/bmt.2008.373
  55. El-Jawahri A, Pidala J, Khera N, Wood WA, Arora M, Carpenter PA, et al. Impact of psychological distress on quality of life, functional status, and survival in patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. In press 2018.
  56. Allen RP, Barker PB, Wehrl FW, Song HK, Earley CJ. MRI measurement of brain iron in patients with restless legs syndrome. Neurology 2001;56:263-5. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.56.2.263
  57. Savard J, Ivers H, Savard MH, Morin CM. Cancer treatments and their side effects are associated with aggravation of insomnia: results of a longitudinal study. Cancer 2015;121:1703-11. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.29244
  58. Hjorth M, Hjertner O, Knudsen LM, Gulbrandsen N, Holmberg E, Pedersen PT, et al. Thalidomide and dexamethasone vs. bortezomib and dexamethasone for melphalan refractory myeloma: a randomized study. Eur J Haematol 2012;88:485-96. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0609.2012.01775.x
  59. Harder H, Cornelissen JJ, Van Gool AR, Duivenvoorden HJ, Eijkenboom WM, van den Bent MJ. Cognitive functioning and quality of life in long-term adult survivors of bone marrow transplantation. Cancer 2002;95: 183-92. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.10627
  60. Moser NJ, Phillips BA, Guthrie G, Barnett G. Effects of dexamethasone on sleep. Pharmacol Toxicol 1996;79:100-2. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0773.1996.tb00249.x
  61. Rosen G, Harris AK, Liu M, Dreyfus J, Krueger J, Messinger YH. The effects of dexamethasone on sleep in young children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Sleep Med 2015;16:503-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2014.11.002
  62. Rodin G, Deckert A, Tong E, Le LW, Rydall A, Schimmer A, et al. Traumatic stress in patients with acute leukemia: a prospective cohort study. Psychooncology 2018;27:515-23. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.4488
  63. 윤수정, 이 철, 임성후, 채정호, 전태연, 김광수. 스트레스 대처방식이 조혈모세포 이식 환자의 우울과 불안에 미치는 영향. 정신신체의학 2002;10:8-17.
  64. Fife BL, Huster GA, Cornetta KG, Kennedy VN, Akard LP, Broun ER. Longitudinal study of adaptation to the stress of bone marrow transplantation. J Clin Oncol 2000; 18:1539-49. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2000.18.7.1539
  65. Glanz K, Schwartz MD. Stress, coping, and health behavior. In: Glanz K, Rimer BK, Vinswanath K, editors. Health behavior and health education : theory, research, and practice. 4th ed. San Francisco: John Wiley & Sons; 2008. p. 211-36.
  66. Simard S, Savard J, Ivers H. Fear of cancer recurrence: specific profiles and nature of intrusive thoughts. J Cancer Survivorship 2010;4:361-71. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11764-010-0136-8
  67. Gabor JY, Cooper AB, Crombach SA, Lee B, Kadikar N, Bettger HE, et al. Contribution of the intensive care unit environment to sleep disruption in mechanically ventilated patients and healthy subjects. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003;167:708-15. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.2201090
  68. Hacker ED, Patel P, Stainthorpe M. Sleep interrupted: nocturnal care disturbances following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Clin J Oncol Nurs 2013;17:517-23. https://doi.org/10.1188/13.CJON.517-523
  69. Arrendale KK. Improving sleep quality of BMT patients during the inpatient stay. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2017;23:S468-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbmt.2016.12.555
  70. Kunitomi A, Iida H, Kamiya Y, Hayashi M, Suwa T, Kanda J, et al. Insomnia and depression during protective isolation in patients with hematological disorders. Intern Med 2010;49:17-22. https://doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.49.2404
  71. Diamond C. Patient experience of admission to critical care unit(CCU) during haematopoietic stem cell transplant(HSCT); and clinical research portfolio. [doctorate thesis]. Scotland. University of Glasgow; 2013.
  72. Perlis ML, Jungquist C, Smith MT, Posner D. Cognitive behavioral treatment of insomnia: a session-bysession guide. New York: Springer Science & Business Media; 2006. p. 1-104.
  73. National Institutes of Health. National institutes of health state of the science conference statement on manifestations and management of chronic insomnia in adults, june 13-15, 2005. Sleep 2005;28:1049-57. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/28.9.1049
  74. Savard J, Simard S, Ivers H, Morin CM. Randomized study on the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia secondary to breast cancer, part I: sleep and psychological effects. J Clin Oncol 2005;23:6083-96. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2005.09.548
  75. Ancoli-Israel S. Sleep disturbances in cancer: a review. Sleep Med Res 2015;6:45-9. https://doi.org/10.17241/smr.2015.6.2.45
  76. Ancoli-Israel S, Rissling M, Neikrug A, Trofimenko V, Natarajan L, Parker BA, et al. Light treatment prevents fatigue in women undergoing chemotherapy for breast cancer. Support Care Cancer 2012;20:1211-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-011-1203-z
  77. Neikrug AB, Rissling M, Trofimenko V, Liu L, Natarajan L, Lawton S, et al. Bright light therapy protects women from circadian rhythm desynchronization during chemotherapy for breast cancer. Behav Sleep Med 2012;10:202-16. https://doi.org/10.1080/15402002.2011.634940
  78. Miguel C, Albuquerque E. Drug interaction in psychooncology: antidepressants and antineoplastics. Pharmacology 2011;88:333-9. https://doi.org/10.1159/000334738
  79. Savard J, Savard MH, Ancoli-Israel S. Sleep and fatigue in cancer patients. In: Kryger MH, Roth T, Dement WC, editors. Principles and practice of sleep medicine. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2017, p. 1286-99.
  80. Dimsdale JE, Ball ED, Carrier E, Wallace M, Holman P, Mulroney C, et al. Effect of eszopiclone on sleep, fatigue, and pain in patients with mucositis associated with hematologic malignancies. Support Care Cancer 2011;19:2015-20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-010-1052-1
  81. Poon A LL. Common potential drug interactions following hematopoietic cell transplantation. In: Forman SJ, Negrin RS, Antin JH, Appelbaum FR, editors. Thomas' hematopoietic cell transplantation: stem cell transplantation. 5th ed. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons; 2016. p. 1206-17.
  82. Bruggemann RJ, Alffenaar JC, Blijlevens NM, Billaud EM, Kosterink JG, Verweij PE, et al. Clinical relevance of the pharmacokinetic interactions of azole antifungal drugs with other coadministered agents. Clin Infect Dis 2009;48:1441-58. https://doi.org/10.1086/598327
  83. Saari TI, Laine K, Leino K, Valtonen M, Neuvonen PJ, Olkkola KT. Effect of voriconazole on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of zolpidem in healthy subjects. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2007;63:116-20. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2006.02707.x
  84. Greenblatt DJ, von Moltke LL, Harmatz JS, Mertzanis P, Graf JA, Durol ALB, et al. Kinetic and dynamic interaction study of zolpidem with ketoconazole, itraconazole, and fluconazole. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1998;64:661-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-9236(98)90057-1
  85. Saari TI, Laine K, Leino K, Valtonen M, Neuvonen PJ, Olkkola KT. Effect of voriconazole on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravenous and oral midazolam. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2006;79:362-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clpt.2005.12.305
  86. Varhe A, Olkkola KT, Neuvonen PJ. Oral triazolam is potentially hazardous to patients receiving systemic antimycotics ketoconazole or itraconazole. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1994;56:601-7. https://doi.org/10.1038/clpt.1994.184
  87. Fernandez de Palencia Espinosa, Ma Angeles, Diaz Carrasco MS, Sanchez Salinas A, de la Rubia Nieto A, Miro AE. Potential drug-drug interactions in hospitalised haematological patients. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2017;23:443-53. https://doi.org/10.1177/1078155216664201
  88. Guastaldi RBF, Reis AMM, Figueras A, Secoli SR. Prevalence of potential drug-drug interactions in bone marrow transplant patients. Int J Clin Pharm 2011;33:1002-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11096-011-9574-2
  89. Li M, Fitzgerald P, Rodin G. Evidence-based treatment of depression in patients with cancer. J Clin Oncol 2012;30:1187-96. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2011.39.7372
  90. Manitpisitkul W, McCann E, Lee S, Weir MR. Drug interactions in transplant patients: what everyone should know. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2009;18:404-11. https://doi.org/10.1097/MNH.0b013e32832edcb2
  91. Talib WH. Melatonin and cancer hallmarks. Molecules 2018;23:E518. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23030518
  92. Seely D, Wu P, Fritz H, Kennedy DA, Tsui T, Seely AJ, et al. Melatonin as adjuvant cancer care with and without chemotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. Integr Cancer Ther 2012;11:293-303. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534735411425484
  93. Zhelev Z, Ivanova D, Bakalova R, Aoki I, Higashi T. Synergistic cytotoxicity of melatonin and new-generation anticancer drugs against leukemia lymphocytes but not normal lymphocytes. Anticancer Res 2017;37:149-59. https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.11300
  94. National Cancer Institute. Sleep disorders-health professional version. [cited 2018 Aug 7]. Available from: URL:https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/sleep-disorders-hp-pdq#link/_163_toc.
  95. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN guidelines for supportive care. [cited 2018 Aug 7]. Available from: URL:https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/default.aspx#supportive.