Acute and Critical Care

Korean Society of Critical Care Medicine (대한중환자의학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Critical Care before Lung Transplantation

  • Lee, Jin Gu (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Moo Suk (Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine) ;
  • Jeong, Su Jin (Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Song Yee (Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine) ;
  • Na, Sungwon (Department of Anesthesiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Jeongmin (Department of Anesthesiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine) ;
  • Paik, Hyo Chae (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine)
  • Received : 2018.11.26
  • Accepted : 2018.11.27
  • Published : 2018.11.30
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Lung transplantation is widely accepted as the only viable treatment option for patients with end-stage lung disease. However, the imbalance between the number of suitable donor lungs available and the number of possible candidates often results in intensive care unit (ICU) admission for the latter. In the ICU setting, critical care is essential to keep these patients alive and to successfully bridge to lung transplantation. Proper management in the ICU is also one of the key factors supporting long-term success following transplantation. Critical care includes the provision of respiratory support such as mechanical ventilation (MV) and extracorporeal life support (ECLS). Accordingly, a working knowledge of the common critical care issues related to these unique patients and the early recognition and management of problems that arise before and after transplantation in the ICU setting are crucial for long-term success. In this review, we discuss the management and selection of candidates for lung transplantation as well as existing respiratory support strategies that involve MV and ECLS in the ICU setting.

Keywords

References

  1. Toronto Lung Transplant Group. Unilateral lung transplantation for pulmonary fibrosis. N Engl J Med 1986;314:1140-5. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198605013141802
  2. Chambers DC, Yusen RD, Cherikh WS, Goldfarb SB, Kucheryavaya AY, Khusch K, et al. The registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: thirty-fourth adult lung and heart-lung transplantation report-2017; focus theme: allograft ischemic time. J Heart Lung Transplant 2017;36:1047-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2017.07.016
  3. Egan TM, Bennett LE, Garrity ER, Grover FL, Ring WS, Robbins RC, et al. Predictors of death on the UNOS lung transplant waiting list: results of a multivariate analysis. J Heart Lung Transplant 2001;20:242.
  4. De Meester J, Smits JM, Persijn GG, Haverich A. Listing for lung transplantation: life expectancy and transplant effect, stratified by type of end-stage lung disease, the Eurotransplant experience. J Heart Lung Transplant 2001;20:518-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1053-2498(01)00241-8
  5. Hosenpud JD, Bennett LE, Keck BM, Edwards EB, Novick RJ. Effect of diagnosis on survival benefit of lung transplantation for end-stage lung disease. Lancet 1998;351:24-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(97)06405-2
  6. Charman SC, Sharples LD, McNeil KD, Wallwork J. Assessment of survival benefit after lung transplantation by patient diagnosis. J Heart Lung Transplant 2002;21:226-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1053-2498(01)00352-7
  7. Carlin BW, Lega M, Veynovich B. Management of the patient undergoing lung transplantation: an intensive care perspective. Crit Care Nurs Q 2009;32:49-57. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.CNQ.0000343135.19695.eb
  8. Lau CL, Patterson GA, Palmer SM. Critical care aspects of lung transplantation. J Intensive Care Med 2004;19:83-104. https://doi.org/10.1177/0885066603261509
  9. Pierre AF, Keshavjee S. Lung transplantation: donor and recipient critical care aspects. Curr Opin Crit Care 2005;11:339-44. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ccx.0000170507.55443.90
  10. Simpson KP, Garrity ER. Perioperative management in lung transplantation. Clin Chest Med 1997;18:277-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-5231(05)70378-6
  11. Korean Network for Organ Sharing. KONOS data registry report 2016 [Internet]. Seoul: Korean Network for Organ Sharing; 2017 [cited 2018 Nov 25]. Available from: https://www.konos.go.kr/konosis/index.jsp.
  12. Paik HC. Current perspective of lung transplantation. J Korean Med Assoc 2016;59:119-24. https://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2016.59.2.119
  13. Kim CY, Park JE, Leem AY, Song JH, Kim SY, Chung KS, et al. Prognostic value of pre-transplant mean pulmonary arterial pressure in lung transplant recipients: a single-institution experience. J Thorac Dis 2018;10:1578-87. https://doi.org/10.21037/jtd.2018.03.46
  14. Park JE, Kim SY, Song JH, Kim YS, Chang J, Lee JG, et al. Comparison of short-term outcomes for connective tissue diseaserelated interstitial lung disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis after lung transplantation. J Thorac Dis 2018;10:1538-47. https://doi.org/10.21037/jtd.2018.02.50
  15. Yusen RD, Edwards LB, Kucheryavaya AY, Benden C, Dipchand AI, Dobbels F, et al. The registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: thirty-first adult lung and heart-lung transplant report-2014; focus theme: retransplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2014;33:1009-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2014.08.004
  16. Valapour M, Skeans MA, Heubner BM, Smith JM, Hertz MI, Edwards LB, et al. OPTN/SRTR 2013 Annual data report: lung. Am J Transplant 2015;15 Suppl 2:1-28.
  17. Peek GJ, Mugford M, Tiruvoipati R, Wilson A, Allen E, Thalanany MM, et al. Efficacy and economic assessment of conventional ventilatory support versus extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for severe adult respiratory failure (CESAR): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2009;374:1351-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61069-2
  18. Elizur A, Sweet SC, Huddleston CB, Gandhi SK, Boslaugh SE, Kuklinski CA, et al. Pre-transplant mechanical ventilation increases short-term morbidity and mortality in pediatric patients with cystic fibrosis. J Heart Lung Transplant 2007;26:127-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2006.11.597
  19. Mason DP, Thuita L, Nowicki ER, Murthy SC, Pettersson GB, Blackstone EH. Should lung transplantation be performed for patients on mechanical respiratory support? The US experience. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2010;139:765-73.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2009.09.031
  20. Orens JB, Estenne M, Arcasoy S, Conte JV, Corris P, Egan JJ, et al. International guidelines for the selection of lung transplant candidates: 2006 update: a consensus report from the Pulmonary Scientific Council of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2006;25:745-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2006.03.011
  21. Bartz RR, Love RB, Leverson GE, Will LR, Welter DL, Meyer KC. Pre-transplant mechanical ventilation and outcome in patients with cystic fibrosis. J Heart Lung Transplant 2003;22:433-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1053-2498(02)00667-8
  22. Baz MA, Palmer SM, Staples ED, Greer DG, Tapson VF, Davis DD. Lung transplantation after long-term mechanical ventilation: results and 1-year follow-up. Chest 2001;119:224-7. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.119.1.224
  23. Christie JD, Edwards LB, Aurora P, Dobbels F, Kirk R, Rahmel AO, et al. The registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: twenty-sixth official adult lung and heart-lung transplantation report-2009. J Heart Lung Transplant 2009;28:1031-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2009.08.004
  24. Meyers BF, Lynch JP, Battafarano RJ, Guthrie TJ, Trulock EP, Cooper JD, et al. Lung transplantation is warranted for stable, ventilator-dependent recipients. Ann Thorac Surg 2000;70:1675-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-4975(00)01919-6
  25. Gottlieb J, Warnecke G, Hadem J, Dierich M, Wiesner O, Fuhner T, et al. Outcome of critically ill lung transplant candidates on invasive respiratory support. Intensive Care Med 2012;38:968-75. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-012-2551-y
  26. Qiu F, Lu CK, Palanzo D, Baer LD, Myers JL, Undar A. Hemodynamic evaluation of the Avalon Elite bi-caval dual lumen cannulae. Artif Organs 2011;35:1048-51. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1594.2011.01340.x
  27. Weill D, Benden C, Corris PA, Dark JH, Davis RD, Keshavjee S, et al. A consensus document for the selection of lung transplant candidates: 2014--an update from the Pulmonary Transplantation Council of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2015;34:1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2014.06.014
  28. Jackson A, Cropper J, Pye R, Junius F, Malouf M, Glanville A. Use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as a bridge to primary lung transplant: 3 consecutive, successful cases and a review of the literature. J Heart Lung Transplant 2008;27:348-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2007.12.006
  29. Gulack BC, Hirji SA, Hartwig MG. Bridge to lung transplantation and rescue post-transplant: the expanding role of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. J Thorac Dis 2014;6:1070-9.
  30. Lehr CJ, Zaas DW, Cheifetz IM, Turner DA. Ambulatory extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as a bridge to lung transplantation: walking while waiting. Chest 2015;147:1213-8. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.14-2188
  31. Hoopes CW, Kukreja J, Golden J, Davenport DL, Diaz-Guzman E, Zwischenberger JB. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as a bridge to pulmonary transplantation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2013;145:862-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2012.12.022
  32. Fuehner T, Kuehn C, Hadem J, Wiesner O, Gottlieb J, Tudorache I, et al. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in awake patients as bridge to lung transplantation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2012;185:763-8. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201109-1599OC
  33. Chastre J, Fagon JY. Ventilator-associated pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002;165:867-903. https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.165.7.2105078
  34. Hermans G, De Jonghe B, Bruyninckx F, Van den Berghe G. Clinical review: critical illness polyneuropathy and myopathy. Crit Care 2008;12:238. https://doi.org/10.1186/cc7100
  35. Vassilakopoulos T, Petrof BJ. Ventilator-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004;169:336-41. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200304-489CP
  36. Strueber M. Bridges to lung transplantation. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2011;16:458-61. https://doi.org/10.1097/MOT.0b013e32834ac7ec
  37. Turner DA, Cheifetz IM, Rehder KJ, Williford WL, Bonadonna D, Banuelos SJ, et al. Active rehabilitation and physical therapy during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation while awaiting lung transplantation: a practical approach. Crit Care Med 2011;39:2593-8. https://doi.org/10.1097/CCM.0b013e3182282bbe
  38. Javidfar J, Brodie D, Wang D, Ibrahimiye AN, Yang J, Zwischenberger JB, et al. Use of bicaval dual-lumen catheter for adult venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Ann Thorac Surg 2011;91:1763-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.03.002
  39. Hayes D Jr, Whitson BA, Black SM, Preston TJ, Papadimos TJ, Tobias JD. Influence of age on survival in adult patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation before lung transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2015;34:832-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2014.12.014
  40. Abrams DC, Prager K, Blinderman CD, Burkart KM, Brodie D. Ethical dilemmas encountered with the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in adults. Chest 2014;145:876-82. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.13-1138
  41. Paden ML, Conrad SA, Rycus PT, Thiagarajan RR; ELSO Registry. Extracorporeal life support organization registry report 2012. ASAIO J 2013;59:202-10. https://doi.org/10.1097/MAT.0b013e3182904a52
  42. Orens JB, Boehler A, de Perrot M, Estenne M, Glanville AR, Keshavjee S, et al. A review of lung transplant donor acceptability criteria. J Heart Lung Transplant 2003;22:1183-200. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1053-2498(03)00096-2
  43. Snell GI, Griffiths A, Levvey BJ, Oto T. Availability of lungs for transplantation: exploring the real potential of the donor pool. J Heart Lung Transplant 2008;27:662-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2008.03.009
  44. Van Raemdonck D, Neyrinck A, Verleden GM, Dupont L, Coosemans W, Decaluwe H, et al. Lung donor selection and management. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2009;6:28-38. https://doi.org/10.1513/pats.200808-098GO
  45. Snell GI, Westall GP. Donor selection and management. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2009;14:471-6. https://doi.org/10.1097/MOT.0b013e32832fb9e1
  46. Angel LF, Levine DJ, Restrepo MI, Johnson S, Sako E, Carpenter A, et al. Impact of a lung transplantation donor-management protocol on lung donation and recipient outcomes. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006;174:710-6. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200603-432OC
  47. Naik PM, Angel LF. Special issues in the management and selection of the donor for lung transplantation. Semin Immunopathol 2011;33:201-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00281-011-0256-x
  48. Mascia L, Bosma K, Pasero D, Galli T, Cortese G, Donadio P, et al. Ventilatory and hemodynamic management of potential organ donors: an observational survey. Crit Care Med 2006;34:321-7. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.CCM.0000196828.87358.6E
  49. Mascia L, Pasero D, Slutsky AS, Arguis MJ, Berardino M, Grasso S, et al. Effect of a lung protective strategy for organ donors on eligibility and availability of lungs for transplantation: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2010;304:2620-7. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2010.1796
  50. Rajagopal K, Hoeper MM. State of the art: bridging to lung transplantation using artificial organ support technologies. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016;35:1385-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2016.10.005
  51. Collaud S, Benden C, Ganter C, Hillinger S, Opitz I, Schneiter D, et al. Extracorporeal life support as bridge to lung retransplantation: a multicenter pooled data analysis. Ann Thorac Surg 2016;102:1680-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2016.05.014
  52. Biscotti M, Sonett J, Bacchetta M. ECMO as bridge to lung transplant. Thorac Surg Clin 2015;25:17-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.thorsurg.2014.09.010
  53. Hayanga AJ, Aboagye J, Esper S, Shigemura N, Bermudez CA, D'Cunha J, et al. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as a bridge to lung transplantation in the United States: an evolving strategy in the management of rapidly advancing pulmonary disease. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2015;149:291-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2014.08.072
  54. Combes A, Bacchetta M, Brodie D, Muller T, Pellegrino V. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for respiratory failure in adults. Curr Opin Crit Care 2012;18:99-104. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCC.0b013e32834ef412
  55. Hayanga JW, Lira A, Aboagye JK, Hayanga HK, D'Cunha J. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as a bridge to lung transplantation: what lessons might we learn from volume and expertise? Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2016;22:406-10. https://doi.org/10.1093/icvts/ivv379
  56. Crotti S, Iotti GA, Lissoni A, Belliato M, Zanierato M, Chierichetti M, et al. Organ allocation waiting time during extracorporeal bridge to lung transplant affects outcomes. Chest 2013;144:1018-25. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.12-1141