Acknowledgement
Supported by : National Research Foundation of Korea
References
- Gilliland FD, Hunt WC, Morris DM, Key CR. Prognostic factors for thyroid carcinoma. A population-based study of 15,698 cases from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program 1973-1991. Cancer 1997;79:564-73. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19970201)79:3<564::AID-CNCR20>3.0.CO;2-0
- Schlumberger MJ. Papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma. N Engl J Med 1998;338:297-306. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199801293380506
- Sugitani I, Fujimoto Y, Yamamoto N. Papillary thyroid carcinoma with distant metastases: survival predictors and the importance of local control. Surgery 2008;143:35-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surg.2007.06.011
- Mazzaferri EL, Kloos RT. Clinical review 128: current approaches to primary therapy for papillary and follicular thyroid cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001;86:1447-63. https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.86.4.7407
- American Thyroid Association (ATA) Guidelines Taskforce on Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer, Cooper DS, Doherty GM, Haugen BR, Kloos RT, Lee SL, et al. Revised American Thyroid Association management guidelines for patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroid 2009;19:1167-214. https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2009.0110
- Chen AY, Jemal A, Ward EM. Increasing incidence of differentiated thyroid cancer in the United States, 1988-2005. Cancer 2009;115:3801-7. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.24416
- Davies L, Welch HG. Increasing incidence of thyroid cancer in the United States, 1973-2002. JAMA 2006;295:2164-7. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.295.18.2164
- Mazzaferri EL, Jhiang SM. Long-term impact of initial surgical and medical therapy on papillary and follicular thyroid cancer. Am J Med 1994;97:418-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9343(94)90321-2
- Cady B, Sedgwick CE, Meissner WA, Wool MS, Salzman FA, Werber J. Risk factor analysis in differentiated thyroid cancer. Cancer 1979;43:810-20. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(197903)43:3<810::AID-CNCR2820430306>3.0.CO;2-B
- Jeon MJ, Kim WG, Kim TH, Kim HK, Kim BH, Yi HS, et al. Disease-specific mortality of differentiated thyroid cancer patients in Korea: a multicenter cohort study. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2017;32:434-41. https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2017.32.4.434
- Su DH, Chang SH, Chang TC. The impact of locoregional recurrences and distant metastases on the survival of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2015;82:286-94. https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.12511
- Voutilainen PE, Multanen MM, Leppaniemi AK, Haglund CH, Haapiainen RK, Franssila KO. Prognosis after lymph node recurrence in papillary thyroid carcinoma depends on age. Thyroid 2001;11:953-7. https://doi.org/10.1089/105072501753211028
- Wiseman SM, Loree TR, Rigual NR, Hicks WL Jr, Douglas WG, Anderson GR, et al. Anaplastic transformation of thyroid cancer: review of clinical, pathologic, and molecular evidence provides new insights into disease biology and future therapy. Head Neck 2003;25:662-70. https://doi.org/10.1002/hed.10277
- Pak H, Gourgiotis L, Chang WI, Guthrie LC, Skarulis MC, Reynolds JC, et al. Role of metastasectomy in the management of thyroid carcinoma: the NIH experience. J Surg Oncol 2003;82:10-8. https://doi.org/10.1002/jso.10189
- Goretzki PE, Simon D, Frilling A, Witte J, Reiners C, Grussendorf M, et al. Surgical reintervention for differentiated thyroid cancer. Br J Surg 1993;80:1009-12. https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800800826
- Ito Y, Miyauchi A, Kihara M, Takamura Y, Kobayashi K, Miya A. Relationship between prognosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma patient and age: a retrospective single-institution study. Endocr J 2012;59:399-405. https://doi.org/10.1507/endocrj.EJ12-0044
- Ito Y, Kudo T, Takamura Y, Kobayashi K, Miya A, Miyauchi A. Prognostic factors of papillary thyroid carcinoma vary according to sex and patient age. World J Surg 2011;35:2684-90. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-011-1288-z
- Nixon IJ, Whitcher MM, Palmer FL, Tuttle RM, Shaha AR, Shah JP, et al. The impact of distant metastases at presentation on prognosis in patients with differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid gland. Thyroid 2012;22:884-9. https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2011.0535
- Ruegemer JJ, Hay ID, Bergstralh EJ, Ryan JJ, Offord KP, Gorman CA. Distant metastases in differentiated thyroid carcinoma: a multivariate analysis of prognostic variables. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1988;67:501-8. https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-67-3-501
- Kim H, Kim HI, Kim SW, Jung J, Jeon MJ, Kim WG, et al. Prognosis of differentiated thyroid carcinoma with initial distant metastasis: a multicenter study in Korea. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2018;33:287-95. https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2018.33.2.287