The Journal of Engineering Geology (지질공학)

The Korean Society of Engineering Geology (대한지질공학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

An Analog Experimental Model of the Formation Mechanism of Sedimentary Basins

퇴적분지형성 메커니즘에 관한 아날로그 모델 실험

  • Kim, Woo-Seok (Department of Infrastructure Safety Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology) ;
  • Jung, Jahe (Department of Infrastructure Safety Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology)
  • 김우석 (한국건설기술연구원 인프라안전연구본부) ;
  • 정자혜 (한국건설기술연구원 인프라안전연구본부)
  • Received : 2018.06.15
  • Accepted : 2018.07.09
  • Published : 2018.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Izumi sedimentary basin (ISB), west of Shikoku, Japan, is widely distributed across the western side of the Sakuragi Bend of the Japan Median Tectonic Line (MTL). It is not obvious how the ISB formed, but this feature is similar to an asymmetric pull-apart basin. The stratigraphic succession and tuff layers show that ages tend to decrease toward the Sakuragi Bend. We investigate whether the ISB is an asymmetric pull-apart basin using analogue model experiments with running sand. A pull-apart basin of length 60 cm and width 20 cm is formed, and secondary normal faults appear on the surrounding surface. A cross-section parallel to the direction of displacement shows that the stratigraphic succession of the pull-apart basin becomes younger toward the releasing bend. A listric normal fault, which has the opposite dip to the master fault, is observed in a cross-section perpendicular to the direction of displacement. These results are consistent with the observed properties of the ISB west of Shikoku, thereby supporting the possibility that the ISB is an asymmetric pull-apart basin.

일본 시코쿠 서부의 이즈미 퇴적분지는 중앙구조선의 굴곡부(사쿠라기 굴곡) 서쪽에 널리 분포하고 있다. 시코쿠 서부의 이즈미 퇴적분지의 형성 메커니즘은 아직 잘 알려지지 않고 있다. 이즈미 퇴적분지의 층서는 일반적으로 굴곡부를 향해서 퇴적시기가 젊게 퇴적되는 경향을 보인다. 이 특징은 비대칭 pull-apart 퇴적분지와 비슷하다. 그래서, 이즈미 퇴적분지가 비대칭 pull-apart 퇴적분지인지에 대한 연구를 아날로그 모델실험을 이용하여 수행하였다. 실험을 실시하여 길이 60 cm, 폭 20 cm 정도의 퇴적 분지가 형성되었다. 모래 표면에는 퇴적분지를 감싸듯 2차 단층으로 정단층이 나타났다. 또한, 변위방향과 평행한 단면에서는 퇴적한 층이 개방성의 굴곡부를 향해서 층리가 젊어져 가는 구조가 보였다. 변위방향과 수직단면에서는 주로 단층과 반대의 경사를 가진 선상(listric) 정단층이 확인되었다. 이 결과는 이즈미 시코쿠 서부의 퇴적분지와 매우 유사하며, 이즈미 시코쿠 서부의 퇴적분지가 비대칭 pull-apart퇴적분지의 가능성을 지지하는 것이다.

Keywords

References

  1. Ando, H., 2005, Geologic setting and stratigraphic correlation of the Cretaceous to Paleocene Yezo forearc basin in Northeast Japan, Jounal of the Japanese association for petroleum technology, 70(1), 24-36 (in Japanese with English abstract). https://doi.org/10.3720/japt.70.24
  2. Audin, A., Nur, A., 1982, Evolution of pull-apart basins and their scale independence, Tectonics, 1, 91-105. https://doi.org/10.1029/TC001i001p00091
  3. Basile, C., Brun, J., 1999, Transtensional faulting patterns ranging from pull-apart basins to transform continental margins:an experimental investigation, Journal of Structural Geology, 21, 23-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8141(98)00094-7
  4. Goto, H., Nakata, T., Okumura, K., Umeki, K., Mizumoto, K., 2009, Timing of recent surface faulting events on the Shigenobu fault of the Median Tectonic Line Active Fault zone, Southwest Japan, Active Fault Research, 31, 19-25 (in Japanese with English abstract).
  5. Ito, T., Ikawa, T., Adachi, I., Asanuma, T., Miyauchi, T., Matsumoto, M., Takahashi, M., Matsyzawam S., Suzuki, M., Ishida, K., Okuike, S., Kimura, G., Kumitomo, T., Goto, T., Sawada, S., Takeshita, T., Nakaya, H., Hasegawa, S., Maeda, T., Murata, A, Yamakita, S., Yamaguchi, K., Yamaguchi, S., 1996, Geophysical exploration of the subsurface structure of the Median Tectonic Line, East Shikoku, Japan, Journal of Geological Society, Japan, 102(4), 346-360. https://doi.org/10.5575/geosoc.102.346
  6. Iwamoto, M., Miyata, T., 1994, Analogue model experiments of asymmetric pull-apart basins, Structural Geology, 40, 131-138 (in Japanese with English abstract).
  7. Kano, K., Murada, A., 1998, Structural Geology, Asakura Publishing Co., 1-298 (in Japanese).
  8. Jonathan, E. W., McClay, K., Dooley, T., 2009, 4D analogue modeling of transtensional pull-apart basins, Marine and Petroleum Geology, 26(8), 1608-1623. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.06.007
  9. Kato, H., 1991, Overview of pull-apart basin, Structure geology, 36, 3-17 (in Japanese with English abstract).
  10. McClay, K., 1996, Recent advances in analogue modeling : uses in section interpretation and validation. Geological Society Special Publication, 99, 201-225. https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.099.01.16
  11. Miyata, T., 1990, Basin formation associated with transcurrent faulting, Structural Geology, 35, 65-70 (in Japanese with English abstract).
  12. Miyata, T., Iwamoto, M., 1994, Growth mechanism of Cretaceous Izumi sedimentary basin, Structural Geology, 40, 139-144 (in Japanese with English abstract).
  13. Nishimura, T., 1984, Basin analysis of the Upper Cretaceous Izumi Group in Western Shikoku, Japan, Journal of Geological Society, Japan, 90(3), 157-174 (in Japanese with English abstract). https://doi.org/10.5575/geosoc.90.157
  14. Rahe, B., Ferrill, D., Morris, A., 1998, Physical analog modeling of pull-apart basin evolution. Tectonophysics, 285, 21-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(97)00193-5
  15. Shimamoto, T. 1996, Tectonics and Metamorphism, Soubun, 220-226 (in Japanese).
  16. Sims, D., Ferrill, D., Stamatakos, J., 1999, Role of a ductile decollement in the development of pull-apart basins: Experimental results and examples, Journal of Structural Geology, 21, 533-554. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8141(99)00010-3
  17. Tsutsumi, H., Okada, A, 1996, Segmentation and Holocene surface faulting on the Median Tectonic Line, southwest Japan, Journal of Geophysical Research. 101, 5855-5871. https://doi.org/10.1029/95JB01913
  18. Tsutsumi, H., Okada, A., Nakata, T., Ando, M., Tsukuda, T., 1991, Timing and displacement Holocene Faulting on the Median Tectonic Line in Central Dhikoku, Southwest Japan, Journal of Structural Geology, 13, 227-233. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8141(91)90069-U
  19. Wada, T., Miyata, T., 2009, The analogue experiment about forming of the Cretaceous Izumi sedimentary basin, western Shikoku, Japan, 116th Japan Geological Society (in Japanese).
  20. Woodcock, N.H., Fischer, M., 1986, Strike-slip duplexes, Journal of Structural Geology, 7, 725-735.
  21. Yamada, Y., Kaneda, K., Matsuoka, T., 2006, Influences of material properties on analogue model experiments of geologic structures, Journal of Materials Science, 55(5), 452-457 (in Japanese with English abstract).