DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

중부 평야지에서 사료용 벼 기계이앙과 담수산파 재배의 건물 생산성 비교 분석

Comparative Analysis on the Biomass Production between Machine-Transplanted and Water-Broadcast Seeded Silage Rice in the Central Plain Area of Korea

  • 양운호 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 재배환경과) ;
  • 박정화 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 재배환경과) ;
  • 강신구 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 재배환경과) ;
  • 김숙진 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 재배환경과) ;
  • 최종서 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 재배환경과)
  • Yang, Woonho (Crop Cultivation and Environment Research Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Park, Jeong-Hwa (Crop Cultivation and Environment Research Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kang, Shingu (Crop Cultivation and Environment Research Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Sukjin (Crop Cultivation and Environment Research Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Choi, Jong-Seo (Crop Cultivation and Environment Research Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • 투고 : 2018.03.21
  • 심사 : 2018.08.02
  • 발행 : 2018.09.30

초록

중부 평야지에서 사료용 벼 기계이앙과 담수산파 재배의 건물 생산 특성을 비교 분석하기 위하여 국립식량과학원 중부작물부 수원 벼 재배 시험 포장에서 최근 육성 등록된 목우와 녹우 품종을 이용하여 5월 20일에 이앙 및 직파하여 3년간 검토한 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 담수산파 재배의 $m^2$당 입모수는 125~192개였으며, 출수기는 9월 11일~18일로 기계이앙보다 11~17일 지연되었다. 2. 기계이앙보다 담수산파 재배에서 수확기의 3년 평균 볏짚 건물중은 증가하였고 이삭 건물중은 감소하였는데, 볏짚 건물중 증가량이 이삭 건물중 감소량의 3.3배로 많아 전체 건물 수량은 증대되었다. 3. 건물 수량은 볏짚 건물중과 밀접한 정의 상관 관계를 보였고 이삭 건물중과는 일정한 관계가 없었으며, 출수 후 수확기까지의 볏짚 건물중 감소 정도와 이삭 건물중 증가 정도는 유의한 관계가 인정되지 않았다. 4. 건물 수량과 밀접하게 관련된 볏짚 건물중은 초장과는 상관을 보이지 않았던 반면 $m^2$당 수수가 많아짐에 따라 유의하게 증가하였으며, 기계이앙 대비 담수산파의 전체 건물중 비율은 이삭 건물중 비율과는 관계가 없었고 볏짚 건물중 비율과는 정의 상관을 보였다. 5. 기계이앙 대비 담수산파에서 $m^2$당 수수는 9% 증가하여 하나의 이삭이 차지하는 평균 면적이 감소하였음에도 이삭줄기당 건물중 비율이 비슷하게 유지되었다. 6. 따라서 담수산파 재배를 통하여 생산성을 높이는 동시에 노동력과 생산비를 절감할 수 있는 것으로 평가되며, 담수산파에서 이삭 생산량을 높이기 위한 품종 재배적 보완 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

A field study was conducted over a 3-year period from 2014 to 2016 in the central plain area, Suwon, Korea, 1) to compare the biomass production between machine-transplanted and water-broadcast seeded silage rice and 2) to elucidate the growth factors that affect the difference in biomass production between the two cultivation practices. The heading date for the water-broadcast seeded silage rice was September 11-18, which was delayed by 11-17 days when compared to that for the machine-transplanted silage rice. On average, water-broadcast seeded silage rice had a shorter plant height, more panicles per area, and a greater biomass production because of the increased straw dry weight. However, the difference in dry weight of each plant organ between the two cultivation practices exhibited yearly variation. When the data were pooled across experimental years, cultivation practices, and varieties, biomass production was highly positively correlated with straw dry weight but not with panicle dry weight. When the ratio of water-broadcast seeding to machine-transplanting was analyzed, total dry weight and straw dry weight were positively associated with each other, whereas no relationship was found between total dry weight and panicle dry weight. Despite that water-broadcast seeded silage rice produced more panicles per area than machine-transplanted silage rice, the two cultivation practices had a similar dry weight per culm. Therefore, we conclude that the silage rice from the water-broadcast seeding, compared to the machine-transplanting, produced more biomass because of the combination of the increased panicle number per area and a similar dry weight per culm. These results suggest that silage rice could be produced through water-broadcast seeding to increase biomass production with low labor and cost input.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Ahn, E. K., E. G. Jeong, S. B. Lee, Y. H. Choi, C. I. Yang, J H. Lee, Y J. Won, G. S. Lee, O Y. Jeong, Y. J. Mo, J. J. Kim, Y. C. Cho, J. K. Chang, M. K. Kim, J. P. Suh, J. H. Lee, K. H. Jung, J. M. Jeong, J. U. Jeung, H. M. Park, U. J. Hyun, and H. C. Hong. 2017. Mid-late flowering, high biomass yielding whole crop silage rice cultivar 'Nokwoo' improved an early growth and germinination at low temperature. Korean J. Breed. Sci. 49(3) : 265-272. https://doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2017.49.3.265
  2. Cho, K. M., N. H. Back, C. H. Yang, P. Shin, T. H. Noh, G. H. Lee, K. B. Lee, and K. H. Park. 2014. Growth characteristics and feed value of whole crop silage rice on paddy field and reclaimed tidal land. Korean J. Crop Sci. 59(4) : 526-531. https://doi.org/10.7740/kjcs.2014.59.4.526
  3. Choi, C. W., E. S. Chung, S. K. Hong, Y. K. Oh, J. G. Kim, and S. C. Lee. 2010. Feed evaluation of whole crop rice silage harvested at different mature stages in Hanwoo steers using in situ technique. J. Korean Grassl. Forage Sci. 30(2) : 143-150. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2010.30.2.143
  4. Choi, C. W. and Y. K. Oh. 2011. Effects of feeding whole crop rice silage harvested at different mature stages on rumen fermentation and blood metabolites in Hanwoo steers. J. Korean Grassl. Forage Sci. 31(2) : 191-200. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2011.31.2.191
  5. Choi, J. S., J. S. Paek, H. H. Park, Y. K. Jung, J. J. Lee, K. H. Park, S. J. Yang, and C. K. Kim. 2006a. Breeding for whole crop rice silage and winter forage crops in Korea. Proceedings of the Korean Society of Grassl, Sci. Conference: pp. 87-105.
  6. Choi, W. Y., S. H. Moon, H. K. Park, M. G. Choi, S. S. Kim, and C. K. Kim. 2006b. Optimum planting density in low fertilizing cuture of machine transplanting in rice. Korean J. Crop Sci. 51(5) : 379-385.
  7. Kim, B. W., G. S. Kim, and K. I. Sung. 2004. Effect of lactic acid bacteria and forming acid on the silage quality of whole crop rice at different maturity. J. Korean Grassl. Sci. 24(1) : 61-70. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2004.24.1.061
  8. Kim, C. H. 2004. Varietal difference in feed vaule of rice straw and its relationship with agronomic traits. Korean J. Crop Sci. 49(6) : 516-521.
  9. Kim, J. G., E. S. Chung, J. K. Lee, Y. C. Lim, S. H. Yoon, and M. J. Kim. 2009. Comparison of yield and quality of direct-seeded whole crop rice. J. Korean Grassl. Forage Sci. 29(1) : 25-30. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2009.29.1.025
  10. Kim, J. G., E. S. Chung, J. S. Ham, S. Seo, M. J. Kim, S. H. Yoon, and Y. C. Lim. 2007. Effect of growth stage and variety on the yield and quality of whole crop rice. J. Korean Grassl. Sci. 27(1) : 1-8. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2007.27.1.001
  11. Kim, J. G., E. S. Chung, S. Seo, M. J. Kim, J. K. Lee, S. H. Yoon, Y. C. Lim, and Y. M. Cho. 2008a. Effect of growth stage and variety on the quality of whole crop rice silage. J. Korean Grassl. Forage Sci. 28(1) : 29-34. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2008.28.1.029
  12. Kim, J. G., H. S. Park, J. H. Kim, and H. J. Ko. 2014. Effect of seeding rates on the forage quality and productivity of direct-seeded whole crop rice. J. Korean Soc. Grassl. Forage Sci. 34(4) : 234-239. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2014.34.4.234
  13. Kim, J. G., H. S. Park, S. H. Lee, J. S. Jung, and H. J. Ko. 2015. Effect of seeding methods and nitrogen fertilizer rates on the forage quality and productivity of whole crop rice. J. Korean Soc. Grassl. Forage Sci. 35(2) : 87-92. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2015.35.2.87
  14. Kim, J. G., J. S. Ham, E. S. Chung, S. H. Yoon, M. J. Kim, H. S. Park, Y. C. Lim, and S. Seo. 2008b. Evaluation of fermentation ability of microbes for whole crop rice silage inoculant. J. Korean Grassl. Forage Sci. 28(3) : 229-236. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2008.28.3.229
  15. Kim, J. G., W. H. Kim, and S. Seo. 2006. Production and utilization technology of forage crops and whole crop rice in paddy field. Proceedings of Korean Society of Crop Sci. Conference 43(S-1): pp. 59-85.
  16. Kim, S. H. and H. J. Lee. 1994. Growth and yield of forage crops affected by soil texture in upland diverted from paddy field. Korean J. Crop Sci. 39(6) : 577-584.
  17. Kim, S. S., J. H. Lee, J. K. Nam, W. Y. Choi, N. H. Back, H. K. Park, M. G. Choi, C. K. Kim, and K. Y. Jung. 2005. Proper harvesting time for improving the rice quality in Honam plain area. Korean J. Crop Sci. 50(S) : 62-68.
  18. Lee, C. W., K. Y. Seong, and J. T. Lim. 1994a. Optimum number of seedling stands of rice for high yield in direct water-seeded culture. Korean J. Crop Sci. 39(5) : 405-411.
  19. Lee, H. J., S. H. Kim, and H. S. Lee. 1994b. Growth of maize and sorghum-sudangrass hybrid affected by soil texture and ground water level. Korean J. Crop. Sci. 39(6) : 585-593.
  20. Lee, J. H., O. Y. Jung, J. S. Paek, H. C. Hong, S. J. Yang, Y. T. Lee, K. I. Sung, and B. W. Kim. 2005. Evaluation of whole crop rice for animal feed. Proceedings of the Korean Society of Grassl. Sci. Conference: pp. 224-225.
  21. Lee, S. B., C. I. Yang, J. H. Lee, M. K. Kim, Y. S. Shin, K. S. Lee, Y. H. Choi, O Y. Jeong, Y. H. Jeon, H. C. Hong, Y. G. Kim, K.H. Jung, J. U. Jeung, J. Kim, and J. Y. Shon. 2013. A late-maturing and whole crop silage rice cultivar 'Mogwoo'. J. Korean Grassl. Forage Sci. 33(2) : 81-86. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2013.33.2.81
  22. Park, S. T., S. C. Kim, C. D. Choi, and S. K. Lee. 1985. Competitive response of rice cultivar in association with plant spacing and seedling number per hill. Korean J. Crop Sci. 30(3) : 252-258.
  23. Park, S. T., S. C. Kim, S. K. Lee, and D. Y. Hwang. 1989. Character variation within rice hill and competitive response of rice cultivar in association with plant spacing and seedling number per hill. Korean J. Crop Sci. 34(2) : 127-133.
  24. Rural Development Administration. 2017. Quality Rice Production Technologies. Suwon. 461.
  25. Song, Y. J., E. J. Song, and J. S. Na. 1997. Growth and dry matter production of direct seeding on flooded paddy surface and machine transplanting rice. Korean J. Crop Sci. 42(4) : 459-465.
  26. Sung, K. I., S. M. Hong, and B. W. Kim. 2004. Plant height, dry matter yield and forage quality at different maturity of whole crop rice. J. Korean Grassl. Sci. 24(1): 53-60. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2004.24.1.053
  27. Yang, C. I., H. Y. Kim, J. H. Lee, Y. H. Choi, G. S. Lee, S. B. Lee, I. S. Choi, O Y. Jung, H. G. Hwang, Y. S. Shin, M. K. Kim, Y. G. Kim, Y. H. Jeon, J. S. Paek, S. J. Yang, M. G. O., and Y. T. Lee. 2011. A new high biomass yield and whole crop rice cultivar 'Nokyang'. Korean J. Breed. Sci. 43(6) : 519-523.
  28. Yang, W., J. Kim, J. Shon, H. Jung, K. J. Choi, and B. K. Kim. 2014. Comparison of seedling eatablishment and early growth characteristics as affected by seeding date and temperature in water broadcast-seeded whole crop silage rice genotypes. Korean J. Int. Agric. 26(4) : 462-467. https://doi.org/10.12719/KSIA.2014.26.4.462
  29. Yang, W., K. J. Choi, K. S. Kwak, T. S. Park, M. H. Oh, J. C. Shin, and J. G. Kim. 2007. Characterization of biomass production and seedling establishment of direct-seeded Nogyangbyeo, a whole crop rice variety for animal feed. Korean J. Crop Sci. 52(3) : 249-258.