Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (대한소아청소년정신의학회)
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Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 Compared to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV

  • Lim, Yun Shin (Department of Psychiatry, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Park, Kee Jeong (Department of Psychiatry, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Kim, Hyo-Won (Department of Psychiatry, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center)
  • Received : 2018.06.20
  • Accepted : 2018.08.24
  • Published : 2018.10.01
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Abstract

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the concordance of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV and DSM-5) diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 170 subjects (age range: 3-23, 140 boys) with developmental delay or social deficit from January 2011 to July 2016 at the Department of Psychiatry of Asan Medical Center. The Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R), the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS), and intelligence tests were performed for each subject. Diagnosis was reviewed and confirmed for each subject with DSM-IV Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD) and DSM-5 ASD criteria, respectively. Results: Fifty-eight of 145 subjects (34.1%) who were previously diagnosed as having PDD in DSM-IV did not meet DSM-5 ASD criteria. Among them, 28 (48.3%) had Asperger's disorder based on DSM-IV. Most algorithm scores on ADOS and all algorithm scores on ADI-R were highest in subjects who met both DSM-IV PDD criteria and DSM-5 ASD criteria (the Convergent group), followed by subjects with a DSM-IV PDD diagnosis who did not have a DSM-5 ASD diagnosis (the Divergent group), and subjects who did not meet either DSM-IV PDD or DSM-5 ASD criteria (the non-PDD group). Intelligence quotient was lower in the Convergent group than in the Divergent group. Conclusion: The results of our study suggest that ASD prevalence estimates could be lower under DSM-5 than DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. Further prospective study on the impact of new DSM-5 ASD diagnoses in Koreans with ASD is needed.

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