DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Recent Trend of Residual Pesticides in Korean Feed

  • Jeong, Jin Young (Animal Nutrition & Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science) ;
  • Kim, Minseok (Animal Nutrition & Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science) ;
  • Baek, Youl-Chang (Animal Nutrition & Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science) ;
  • Song, Jaeyong (Animal Nutrition & Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science) ;
  • Lee, Seul (Animal Nutrition & Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science) ;
  • Kim, Ki Hyun (Animal Nutrition & Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science) ;
  • Ji, Sang Yun (Animal Nutrition & Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science) ;
  • Lee, Hyun-Jeong (Animal Nutrition & Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science) ;
  • Oh, Young Kyun (Animal Nutrition & Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science) ;
  • Lee, Sung Dae (Animal Nutrition & Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science)
  • Received : 2018.08.06
  • Accepted : 2018.09.14
  • Published : 2018.09.30

Abstract

Pesticide application in agriculture provides significant benefits such as protection from disease, prevention of harmful insects, and increased crop yields. However, accurate toxicological tests and risk assessments are necessary because of many related adverse effects associated with pesticide use. In this review, we discuss and analyze residual pesticides contained in livestock feed in Korea. A pesticide residue tolerance standard for livestock feed has not been precisely established; so, risk assessments are required to ensure safety. Standards and approaches for animal criteria and appropriate methods for evaluating residual pesticides are discussed and analyzed based on technology related to animal product safety in Korea. The safety of livestock feed containing pesticides is assessed to establish maximum residue limits relative to pesticides. Analysis of residual pesticides in milk, muscle, brain, and fat was performed with a livestock residue test and safety evaluation of the detected pesticide was performed. Efficacy of organic solvent extraction and clean-up of feed was verified, and suitability of the instrument was examined to establish if they are effective, rapid, and safe. This review discussed extensively how pesticide residue tolerance in livestock feed and hazard evaluation may be applied in future studies.

Keywords

References

  1. Abdelhameed, A.S., Kadi, A.A., Abdel-Aziz, H.A., Angawi, R.F., Attwa, M.W. and Al-Rashood, K.A. 2014. Multistage fragmentation of ion trap mass spectrometry system and pseudo-MS3 of triple quadrupole mass spectrometry characterize certain (E)-3-(dimethylamino)-1-arylprop-2-en-1-ones: a comparative study. Scientific World Journal. 2014:702819.
  2. Aktar, M.W., Sengupta, D. and Chowdhury, A. 2009. Impact of pesticides use in agriculture: their benefits and hazards. Interdisciplinary toxicology. 2:1-12. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10102-009-0001-7
  3. Anastassiades, M., Lehotay, S.J., Stajnbaher, D. and Schenck, F.J. 2003. Fast and easy multiresidue method employing acetonitrile extraction/partitioning and 'dispersive solid-phase extraction' for the determination of pesticide residues in produce. Journal of AOAC International. 86:412-431.
  4. Berrada, H., Font, G. and Molto, J.C. 2004. Application of solid-phase microextraction for determining phenylurea herbicides and their homologous anilines from vegetables. Journal of Chromatography A. 1042:9-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2004.05.017
  5. Codex Alimentarius 2016. Pesticide residues in food and feed: Pesticides database: Glyphosate.
  6. Du, W., Zhao, G., Fu, Q., Sun, M., Zhou, H. and Chang, C. 2014. Combined microextraction by packed sorbent and high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection for rapid analysis of ractopamine in porcine muscle and urine samples. Food Chemistry. 145:789-795. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.08.094
  7. Ehling, S. and Reddy, T.M. 2015. Analysis of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in nutritional ingredients and milk by derivatization with fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl chloride and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 63:10562-10568. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04453
  8. Farajzadeh, M.A., Afshar Mogaddam, M.R. and Alizadeh Nabil, A.A. 2015. A sensitive and efficient method for trace analysis of some phenolic compounds using simultaneous derivatization and air-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction from human urine and plasma samples followed by gas chromatography-nitrogen phosphorous detection. Biomedical Chromatography. 29:1921-1931. https://doi.org/10.1002/bmc.3517
  9. Farha, W., Rahman, M.M., Abd El-Aty, A.M., Jung, D.I., Kabir, M.H., Choi, J.H., Kim, S.W., Im, S.J., Lee, Y.J., Shin, H.C., Kwon, C.H., Son, Y.W., Lee, K.B. and Shim, J.H. 2015. A combination of solid-phase extraction and dispersive solid-phase extraction effectively reduces the matrix interference in liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection during pyraclostrobin analysis in perilla leaves. Biomedical Chromatography. 29:1932-1636. https://doi.org/10.1002/bmc.3523
  10. Farina, Y., Abdullah, M.P., Bibi, N. and Khalik, W.M. 2017. Determination of pesticide residues in leafy vegetables at parts per billion levels by a chemometric study using GC-ECD in Cameron Highlands, Malaysia. Food Chemistry. 224:55-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.11.113
  11. Fenoll, J., Helln, P., Martnez, C.M. and Flores, P. 2007. Pesticide residue analysis of vegetables by gas chromatography with electron-capture detection. Journal of AOAC International. 90:263-270.
  12. Fry, J.P., Love, D.C., MacDonald, G.K., West, P.C., Engstrom, P.M., Nachman, K.E. and Lawrence, R.S. 2016. Environmental health impacts of feeding crops to farmed fish. Environment International. 91:201-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2016.02.022
  13. Grimalt, S. and Dehouck, P. 2016. Review of analytical methods for the determination of pesticide residues in grapes. Journal of Chromatography. A. 1433:1-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2015.12.076
  14. Jallow, M.F.A., Awadh, D.G., Albaho, M.S., Devi, V.Y. and Ahmad, N. 2017. Monitoring of Pesticide Residues in Commonly Used Fruits and Vegetables in Kuwait. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 14:E833. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14080833
  15. Jang, J., Rahman, M.M., Ko, A.Y., Abd El-Aty, A.A., Park, J.H., Cho, S.K. and Shim, J.H. 2014. A matrix sensitive gas chromatography method for the analysis of pymetrozine in red pepper: Application to dissipation pattern and PHRL. Food Chemistry. 146:448-454. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.09.052
  16. Kim, B., Baek, M.S., Lee, Y., Paik, J.K., Chang, M.I., Rhee, G.S. and Ko, S. 2016. Estimation of apple intake for the exposure assessment of residual chemicals using Korea National Health and nutrition examination survey database. Clinical Nutrition Research. 5:96-101. https://doi.org/10.7762/cnr.2016.5.2.96
  17. Kim, S.W., Rahman, M.M., Abd El-Aty, A.M., Truong, L.T., Choi, J.H., Park, J.S., Kim, M.R., Shin, H.C. and Shim, J.H. 2016. Residue level and dissipation pattern of lepimectin in shallots using highperformance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detection. Biomedical Chromatography. 30:1835-1842. https://doi.org/10.1002/bmc.3759
  18. Korea Food and Drug Administration (2005). MRLs for Pesticides in Foods. Seoul.
  19. Lee, S.M., Papathakis, M.L., Feng, H.M.C., Hunter, G.F. and Carr, J.E. 1991. Multipesticide residue method for fruits and vegetables: California Department of Food and Agriculture. Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry. 339:376-383. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00322352
  20. Liu, W., Li, H., Tao, F., Li, S., Tian, Z. and Xie, H. 2013. Formation and contamination of PCDD/Fs, PCBs, PeCBz, HxCBz and polychlorophenols in the production of 2,4-D products. Chemosphere. 92:304-308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.03.031
  21. Mekonen, S., Ambelu, A. and Spanoghe, P. 2014. Pesticide residue evaluation in major staple food items of Ethiopia using the QuEChERS method: a case study from the Jimma Zone. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 33:1294-1302. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.2554
  22. Mills, P.A., Onley, J.H. and Gaither, R. 1963. Rapid method for chlorinated pesticide residues in nonfatty foods. Journal of the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists. 46:186.
  23. Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Republic of Korea (2013). Maximum residue limits (MRLs) of pesticide. Cheongju.
  24. National Law Information Center (2013). Feed Safety Managers. Seoul.
  25. Park, D.W., Kim, K.G., Choi, E.A., Kang, G.R., Kim, T.S., Yang, Y. S., Moon, S.J., Ha, D.R., Kim, E.S. and Cho, B.S. 2016. Pesticide residues in leafy vegetables, stalk and stem vegetables from South Korea: A long-term study on safety and health risk assessment. Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment. 33:105-118.
  26. Reddy, K.R.N., Abbas, H.K., Abel, C.A., Shier, W.T., Oliveira, C.A.F. and Raghavender, C.R. 2009. Mycotoxin contamination of commercially important agricultural commodities. Toxin Reviews. 28:154-168. https://doi.org/10.1080/15569540903092050
  27. Rizzetti, T.M., Kemmerich, M., Martins, M.L., Prestes, O.D., Adaime, M.B. and Zanella, R. 2016. Optimization of a QuEChERS based method by means of central composite design for pesticide multiresidue determination in orange juice by UHPLC-MS/MS. Food Chemistry. 196:25-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.09.010
  28. Singh, S.B., Foster, G.D. and Khan, S.U. 2007. Determination of thiophanate methyl and carbendazim residues in vegetable samples using microwave-assisted extraction. Journal of Chromatography A. 1148:152-157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2007.03.019
  29. Ueno, E., Oshima, H., Saito, I., Matsumoto, H., Yoshimura, Y. and Nakazawa, H. 2004. Multiresidue analysis of pesticides in vegetables and fruits by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry after gel permeation chromatography and graphitized carbon column cleanup. Journal of AOAC International. 87:1003-1015.
  30. Vidal, J.L.M., Arrebola, F.J. and Mateu-Sanchez, M. 2002. Application to routine analysis of a method to determine multiclass pesticide residues in fresh vegetables by gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry. 16:1106-1115. https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.686
  31. Wolejko, E., Lozowicka, B., Kaczynski, P., Jankowska, M. and Piekut, J. 2016. The influence of effective microorganisms (EM) and yeast on the degradation of strobilurins and carboxamides in leafy vegetables monitored by LC-MS/MS and health risk assessment. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 188:64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-015-5022-4