Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers (한국자원공학회지)

The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers (한국자원공학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Proper Monitoring Methods for Safety Management of Tailings Dam

광물찌꺼기적치장의 안전관리를 위한 적정 모니터링 방안 연구

  • 정명채 (세종대학교 에너지자원공학과) ;
  • 김정욱 (세종대학교 에너지자원공학과) ;
  • 황인호 ((주)소암컨설턴트) ;
  • 양인재 (한국광해관리공단 기술연구센터) ;
  • 박제현 (한국광해관리공단 기술연구센터) ;
  • 박주현 (한국광해관리공단 기술연구센터) ;
  • 김대엽 (한국광해관리공단 기술연구센터)
  • Received : 2018.10.18
  • Accepted : 2018.12.20
  • Published : 2018.12.31
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study has focused on analysis factors affecting safety monitoring system at tailings sites, and the evaluation equipment to monitor the factors. Twenty sites at eighteen mines with unsafe conditions were selected to examine the equipment. There were three main factors influenced safety in the sites including surface erosion, piping, and slope instability. In detail, the surface erosion was divided into three sub-factors (planting, soil-topping layer, and tailings), piping into three sub-factors (liner, rain protection facility and leachate), and slop instability was also divided into three sub-factors (slop, concrete wall, and reinforcing wall). As results of in-field measurement, a CCTV was the most effective facility, and electrical resistivity survey, acoustic sensing, thermal liner sensor, structure inclinometer, rainfall meter, and flowmeter were also highly effective. According to applications of the facilities in the unstable tailings, structural defects were mainly found in the piping, which was the most important monitoring factor for safety management of tailings sites.

광물찌꺼기적치장 안전 모니터링을 위한 적치장 안전에 영향을 미치는 요소를 분석하고 이러한 요소를 감시할 수 있는 계측장비를 검토하였다. 또한, 이러한 결과를 국내 광물찌꺼기 적치장(20개소, 18개 광산)에서 발생되는 결함에 대해 적용 가능한 계측장비를 선정하였다. 요소분석은 표면 침식, 파이핑 및 사면 불안정으로 구분하여 평가하였으며, 이를 다시 세분하여 표면 침식은 식생, 복토층 및 광물찌꺼기, 파이핑은 차수층, 우수배제시설 및 침출수, 사면불안정은 사면, 콘크리트 옹벽 및 석축으로 구분하여 결함의 지표 및 계측항목을 설정하였다. 계측은 주로 상시 및 변위계측이 가능한 CCTV의 활용이 높게 평가되었으며, 전기비저항탐사, 음향계측기, 다점온도모니터링, 구조물경사계, 강우량계 및 유량계 등의 활용도가 높은 것으로 평가되었다. 또한, 국내 적치장에서 발생되는 결함에 적용한 결과, 주로 파이핑과 관련된 차수층, 우수배제시설 및 침출수에서 결함이 주로 발견되어 이와 관련된 계측장비의 활용이 높은 것으로 평가되었다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Grant : IoT 활용 적치장 모니터링 기술개발 연구

Supported by : 한국광해관리공단

References

  1. Azam, S. and Li, Q., 2010. Tailing dam failures: A review of the last one hundred years. Geotech.N., 28(4), 50-53.
  2. Chon, H.T., Ahn, J.S., and Jung, M.C., 2005. Heavy metal contamination around the abandoned Au-Ag and base metal mine sites in Korea. Economic and Environmental Geology, 38(2), 101-111.
  3. Dong, L., Shu, W., Sun, D., Li X., and Zhang, L., 2017. Pre-Alarm system based on real-time monitoring and numerical simulation using internet of things and cloud computing for tailings dam in mines. IEEE Access, 5, 21080-21089. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2753379
  4. Hu. j. and Liu. X., 2011. Design and implementation of tailings dam security monitoring system. Procedia Engineering, 26, 1914-1921. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2011.11.2384
  5. Korea Mine Reclamation corporation (MIRECO), 2015. 2014 Mine reclamation statistics, MIRECO, Wonju, Korea, 143p.
  6. Korea Mine Reclamation corporation (MIRECO), 2018. 08. 20, http://mireco.or.kr.
  7. Korea Mine Reclamation corporation(MIRECO), 2016. Safety evaluation and development of maintenance technique for tailing dam, Technical report (Research), 2016-57, Wonju, Korea, p.1-172.
  8. Korea Rural community corporation (KRC), 2018. 09. 03, https://www.ekr.or.kr.
  9. Lee, P.K., Youm, S.J., Jung, M.C., Lee, J.S., and Kwon, H.H., 2010. Physicochemical characteristics of tailings from the various types of mineral deposits. Economic and Environmental Geology, 43(3), 235-248.
  10. Martin, T.E. and Davies, M.P., 2000. Tailings dams 2000, Association of state dam safety officials (ASDSO), Kentucky, USA, p.367-380.
  11. Ministry of Environment(MoE), 2007. 2007's detailed survey for soil pollution from abandoned mines, M052506-8, Gwacheon, Korea, p.1-1516.
  12. Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA), Korea Rural community corporation (KRC), 2017. Study of combined risk standards for the disaster prediction and failure warning and forecasting of reservoirs (Dam) (Final), 11-1543000-001985-01, Ansan, Korea, p.1-354.
  13. Oh, S.J., Kim, K.J., Song, J.Y., and Choi, U.K., 2016. Study of monitoring methods for maintenance management of tailings dams. The J. Engineering Geology, 26(4), 473-484. https://doi.org/10.9720/kseg.2016.4.473
  14. Park, M.J., 2011. Development of technology for removing heavy metals from Geum-poong tailing, MS Thesis, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea, p.1-45.
  15. The Mining Association of Canada(MAC), 2017. A guide to the management of tailings facilities (3th Ed.), MAC, Ottawa, Canada, p.1-75.
  16. The Mining Association of Canada (MAC), 2011. Developing an operation, maintenance and surveillance manual for tailings and water management facilities, MAC, Ottawa, Canada, p.1-52
  17. Yun, H.S., Kim, D.Y., Ji, M.K., Choi, U.K., Baek, S.H., and Choi, J.Y., 2015. Development of resource recycling with Sangdong Mine tailings in pilot-scale plant. 2015 Korean Geo-Environmental Society Conference (15th Anniversary), Korean Geotechnical Society, Seoul, Korea, p.91-94.
  18. Yonhap News Agency(YNA), 2018.11.08, http://www.yonhapnews.co.kr.

Cited by

  1. Evaluation of Applicability of Monitoring System Using IoT in a Tailings Dam vol.56, pp.6, 2018, https://doi.org/10.32390/ksmer.2019.56.6.645
  2. 채굴공동의 안정성 유지를 위한 채움재의 충전과 계측시스템 구축에 관한 기초연구요 vol.29, pp.6, 2018, https://doi.org/10.7474/tus.2019.29.6.407