Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science (한국초지조사료학회지)

The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science (한국초지조사료학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of Nitrogen Level on Nitrogen Partitioning and Harvest Index in Brassica napus L.

  • Lee, Hyo (Department of Animal Science, Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Zaman, Rashed (Department of Animal Science, Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Bok-Rye (Department of Animal Science, Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Tae-Hwan (Department of Animal Science, Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Chonnam National University)
  • Received : 2018.05.23
  • Accepted : 2018.06.21
  • Published : 2018.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

To investigate the impact of nitrogen (N) mineral on reproductive potential of Brassica napus L, plants were treated with different levels of N treatment ($N_0$; $N_{100}$; $N_{500}$). The half of N content for each treatment were applied at the beginning of the early vegetative stage and the rest was applied at the late vegetative stage. Nitrogen content in plant tissues such as root, stem and branch, leaf, pod and seed was analyzed and harvest index (HI) was calculated as percentage of seed yield to total plant weight. Biomass and nitrogen content were significantly affected by different levels of N supply. Biomass was significantly decreased by 59.2% in nitrogen deficiency ($N_0$) but significantly increased by 50.3% in N excess ($N_{500}$), compared to control ($N_{100}$). Nitrogen content in all organs was remarkably increased with nitrogen levels. N distribution to stem and branches, and dead leaves was higher in N-deficient ($N_0$) and N excessive plants ($N_{500}$) than in control ($N_{100}$). However, nitrogen allocated to seed was higher in control ($N_{100}$) than in other treatments ($N_0$ or $N_{500}$), accompanied by higher HI. These results indicate that the optimum level of N supply ($N_{100}$) improve HI and N distribution to seed and excessive N input is unnecessary.

Keywords

References

  1. Avice, J.C. and Etienne, P. 2014. Leaf senescence and nitrogen remobilization efficiency in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Journal of Experimental Botany. 65:3813-3824. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eru177
  2. Dreccer, M.F., Schapendonk, A.H.C.M., Slafer, G.A. and Rabbinge, R. 2000. Comparative response of wheat and oilseed rape to nitrogen supply: absorption and utilisation efficiency of radiation and nitrogen during the reproductive stages determining yield. Plant and Soil. 220:189-205. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004757124939
  3. Farooq, M., Iqbal, S., Afridi, M.Z., Munsif, F., Tauseef, M. and Rehman, K. 2017. Optimization of nitrogen for increasing the productivity of canola. Agricultural Research and Technology. 3:1-5. https://doi.org/10.22158/ra.v3n1p1
  4. Firbank, L.G. 2005. Striking a new balance between agricultural production and biodiversity. Annals of Applied Biology. 146:163-175. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.2005.040078.x
  5. Habekotte, B. 1993. Quantitative analysis of pod formation, seed set and seed filling in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) under field conditions. Field Crops Research. 35:21-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-4290(93)90133-8
  6. He, H.H., Yang, R., Li, Y., Cao, L., Wu, X., Chen, B. and Gao, Y.J. 2017. Genotypic variation in nitrogen utilization efficiency of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) under contrasting N supply in pot and field experiments. Frontiers in plant science. 8:1825. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01825
  7. Hocking, P.J., Kirkegaard, J.A., Angus, J.F., Gibson, A.H. and Koetz, E.A. 1997. Comparison of canola, Indian mustard and Linola in two contrasting environments. I. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on dry-matter production, seed yield and seed quality. Field Crops Research. 49:107-125. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4290(96)01063-5
  8. Keivanrad, S., Delkhosh, B., Shirani Rad, A.H. and Zandi, P. 2012. The Effect of different rates of nitrogen and plant density on qualitative and quantitative traits of Indian mustard. Advances in Environmental Biology. 6:145-152.
  9. Koeslin-Findeklee, F., and Horst, W.J. 2016. Contribution of nitrogen uptake and retranslocation during reproductive growth to the nitrogen efficiency of winter Oilseed-rape cultivars (Brassica napus L.) differing in leaf senescence. Agronomy. 6:1. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy6010001
  10. Kulsum, M.U., Baque, M.A. and Karim, M.A. 2007. Effects of different nitrogen levels on the morphology and yield of balckgram. Journal of Agronomy. 6: 125-130. https://doi.org/10.3923/ja.2007.125.130
  11. Li, P., Inclair, L.H. and Zhu Y.G. 2003. Characterization of QTLs for harvest index and source-sink characters in a DH population of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Acta Genetica Sinica. 30:1118-1126.
  12. Malagoli, P., Laine, P., Rossato, L. and Ourry, A. 2005. Dynamics of nitrogen uptake and mobilization in field-grown winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) from stem extension to harvest. II. A 15Nlabelling based simulation model of N partitioning between vegetative and reproductive tissues. Annals of botany. 95:1187-1198. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mci131
  13. Masclaux-Daubresse, C., Daniel-Vedele, F., Dechorgnat, J., Chardon, F., Gaufichon, L. and Suzuki, A. 2010. Nitrogen uptake, assimilation and remobilization in plants: challenges for sustainable and productive agriculture. Annals of botany. 105:1141-1157. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcq028
  14. Noquet, C., Avice, J.C., Rossato, L., Beauclair, P., Henry, M.P. and Ourry, A. 2004. Effects of altered source-sink relationships on N allocation and vegetative storage protein accumulation in Brassica napus L. Plant Science. 166:1007-1018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2003.12.014
  15. Rathke, G.W., Christen, O. and Diepenbrock, W. 2005. Effects of nitrogen source and rate on productivity and quality of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) grown in different crop rotations. Field Crops Research. 94:103-113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2004.11.010
  16. Rossato, L., Laine, P. and Ourry, A. 2001. Nitrogen storage and remobilization in Brassica napus L. during the growth cycle: nitrogen fluxes within the plant and changes in soluble protein patterns. Journal of Experimental Botany. 52:1655-1663. https://doi.org/10.1093/jexbot/52.361.1655
  17. Schjoerring, J.K., Bock J.G.H., Gammelvind, L., Jensen, C.R. and Mogensen, V.O. 1995. Nitrogen incorporation and remobilization in different shoot components of field-grown winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) as affected by rate of nitrogen application and irrigation. Plant and Soil. 177:255-264. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00010132
  18. Shivay, Y.S., Prasad, R. and Pal, M. 2016. Effect of nitrogen levels and coated urea on growth, yields and nitrogen use efficiency in aromatic rice. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 39:875-882. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2015.1109102
  19. Sinclair, T.R. 1998. Historical changes in harvest index and crop nitrogen accumulation. Crop Science. 38:638-643. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1998.0011183X003800030002x
  20. Zhao, G.Q., Ma, B.L., Ren, C.Z., Liang, B.C. 2012. Timing and level of nitrogen supply affect nitrogen distribution and recovery in two contrasting oat genotypes. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science. 175:614-621. https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.201100279