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Antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of fresh bitter melon and change of charantin and lutein content upon brining and blanching treatments of pickling

생여주의 산화방지, 알파글루코시데이스 저해 활성 및 여주초절임의 카란틴과 루테인 함량 변화

  • Park, HyoSun (Food and Nutrition in Dept. Human Ecology, College of Natural Science, Korea National Open University) ;
  • Moon, BoKyung (Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Kim, Suna (Food and Nutrition in Dept. Human Ecology, College of Natural Science, Korea National Open University)
  • 박효순 (한국방송통신대학교 생활과학과 식품영양전공) ;
  • 문보경 (중앙대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김선아 (한국방송통신대학교 생활과학과 식품영양전공)
  • Received : 2018.04.20
  • Accepted : 2018.07.03
  • Published : 2018.08.31

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze charantin and lutein from fresh bitter melon (FBM) for their antioxidant and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activities. We subsequently compared our results with charantin and lutein content of pickled bitter melon (PBM11, PBM13, PBM51, and PBM53), obtained by brining (1 and 5% salt) and blanching (1 and 3 min). Charantin, lutein, $\text\tiny{L}$-ascorbic acid, and total polyphenolic content in FBM were $777.92{\pm}27.59$, $16.87{\pm}2.07$, $94.78{\pm}0.61$, and $22.07{\pm}0.74mg$ catechin equivalents/g on dry basis, respectively. Antioxidant activity of 5 mg/L FBM extract was $31.76{\pm}0.42%$ in ABTS assay and $56.19{\pm}2.39%$ in DPPH assay; ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity of 0.5 mg/L FBM extract was $55.60{\pm}1.34%$. Charantin and lutein content of all PBM samples were higher than control without brining and blanching treatments, those in PBM53 being $375.63{\pm}9.03$ and $4.07{\pm}0.40mg/100g$, respectively. These showed that brining and blanching in pickling process were very effective in retaining charantin and lutein in bitter melon.

본 연구에서는 여주의 산화방지 활성과 알파글루코시데이스 저해 활성을 측정하고 총폴리페놀, $\text\tiny{L}$-아스코브산, 카란틴, 루테인 등 유효성분의 함량을 분석하였으며 초절임조건에서 카란틴과 루테인의 함량 변화를 비교하였다. 본 실험에 사용된 여주는 카란틴 $777.92{\pm}27.59mg/100g$, 루테인 $16.87{\pm}2.07mg/100g$, $\text\tiny{L}$-아스코브산 $94.78{\pm}0.61mg/100g$, 총폴리페놀 $22.07{\pm}0.74mg\;CE/g$으로 나타났다. 여주추출물의 알파글루코시데이스 저해 활성은 추출물의 농도에 따라 0.5 mg/mL에서 $55.60{\pm}1.34%$, 1 mg/mL에서 $80.40{\pm}0.87%$로 측정되었다. ABTS 라디칼 제거 활성은 여주추출물 5 mg/mL에서 $31.76{\pm}0.42%$, 10 mg/mL $61.98{\pm}0.27%$였고, DPPH 라디칼 제거 활성은 여주추출물 5 mg/mL에서 $56.19{\pm}2.39%$, 10 mg/mL에서 $89.51{\pm}0.25%$로 측정되었다. 여주초절임의 전처리조건별 카란틴과 루테인의 함량을 비교한 결과, 여주초절임의 카란틴 함량은 PBM11 $205.47{\pm}29.91mg/100g$, PBM13 $281.66{\pm}4.45mg/100g$, PBM51 $292.01{\pm}18.20mg/100g$, PBM53 $375.63{\pm}9.03mg/100g$로 대조군 $74.32{\pm}9.57mg/100g$과 비교하여 모두 높게 나타났고. 여주초절임의 루테인 함량은 PBM11 $1.57{\pm}0.13mg/100g$, PBM13 $1.99{\pm}0.28mg/100g$, PBM51 $3.18{\pm}0.52mg/100g$, PBM53 $4.07{\pm}0.40mg/100g$이며 대조군은 $0.70{\pm}0.07mg/100g$보다 모두 높았다. 이는 여주초절임을 제조할 때 소금물침지와 데치기 단계가 여주에 함유된 카란틴과 루테인과 같은 유용성분의 손실이나 파괴를 방지하는 효과가 있는 것으로 판단된다. 특히, 5%소금물 침지와 3분 데치기를 한 PBM53군이 여주초절임의 루테인과 카란틴을 보존하는데 가장 효과적인 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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