Journal of Life Science (생명과학회지)

Korean Society of Life Science (한국생명과학회)
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Biological Clock and Ultradian Metabolic Oscillation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Saccharomyces cerevisiae의 생물시계와 초단기 대사진동

  • Kwon, Chong Suk (Department of Food and Nutrition, Andong National University) ;
  • Sohn, Ho-Yong (Department of Food and Nutrition, Andong National University)
  • Received : 2018.07.17
  • Accepted : 2018.08.20
  • Published : 2018.08.30
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Abstract

Biological clocks are the basis of temporal control of metabolism and behavior. These clocks are characterized by autonomous free-running oscillation and temperature compensation and are found in animals, plants, and microorganisms. To date, various biological clocks have been reported. These include clocks governing hibernation, sleep/wake, heartbeat, and courtship song. These clocks can be differentiated by the period of rhythms, for example, infradian rhythms (> 24-hr period), circadian rhythms (24-hr period), and ultradian rhythms (< 24-hr period). In yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), at least five different autonomous oscillations have been reported; (1) glycolytic oscillations (T = 1~30 min), (2) cell cycle-dependent oscillations (T = 2~16 hr), (3) ultradian metabolic oscillations (T = 15~50 min), (4) yeast colony oscillations (T = a few hours), and (5) circadian oscillations (T = 24 hr). In this review, we discuss studies on oscillators, pacemakers, and synchronizers, in addition to the application of biological clocks, to demonstrate the nature of autonomous oscillations, especially ultradian metabolic oscillations of S. cerevisiae.

생물시계(Biological clock)는 생명체에서 나타나는 반복되는 자율적인 리듬을 말하며, 단일세포는 물론 다세포 생명체의 기본적인 대사와 이에 따른 표현형과 행동을 직접적으로 조절하고 있다. 이러한 생물시계는 동면 리듬, 수면 리듬, 심장박동 리듬 및 짝짓기 노래 리듬 등 매우 다양하며, 24시간 이상의 주기를 infradian rhythm, 24시간 주기를 circadian rhythm, 24시간 이내의 짧은 주기를 ultradian rhythm으로 구분한다. 효모 Saccharomyces cerevisiae는 최소 5종 이상의 반복되는 자율적인 리듬이 알려져 있으며, 이중 일부는 생체시계로 인식되고 있다. 본 리뷰에서는 Saccharomyces cerevisiae의 glycolytic oscillation (T= 1~30분), cell cycle-dependent oscillation (T= 2~16 시간), ultradian metabolic oscillation (T= 15~50분), yeast colony oscillation (T= 수 시간) 및 circadian oscillation (T= 24시간)에 대한 연구 결과를 제시하고, 특히 ultradian metabolic oscillation의 특징, 집단 동조인자(population synchronizer), 동조인자의 조절 기작 및 효모 생물시계의 대사공학 분야의 이용성을 제시하여 효모를 이용한 동적 대사조절 및 생물시계 연구가 가능함을 제시하였다.

Keywords

References

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