Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics (한국운동역학회지)

Korean Society of Applied Biomechanics (한국운동역학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of Customized 3D-printed Insoles on the Kinematics of Flat-footed Walking and Running

  • Joo, Ji-Yong (Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Young-Kwan (Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Chonnam National University)
  • Received : 2018.10.30
  • Accepted : 2019.01.03
  • Published : 2018.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objective: Flat-footed people struggle with excessive ankle joint motion during walking and running. This study aimed to investigate the effects of customized three-dimensional 3D-printed insoles on the kinematics of flat-footed people during daily activities (walking and running). Method: Fifteen subjects (height, $169.20{\pm}2.61cm$; age, $22.87{\pm}8.48years$; navicular bone height, $13.2{\pm}1.00mm$) diagnosed with flat feet in a physical examination participated in this study. Results: The customized 3D-printed insoles did not significantly affect 3D ankle joint angles under walking and running conditions. However, they shifted the trajectory of the center of pressure (COP) laterally during fast walking, which enhanced the load distribution on the foot during the stance phase. Conclusion: The customized 3D-printed insoles somewhat positively affected the pressure distribution of flat-footed people by changing the COP trajectory. Further research including comparisons with customized commercial insoles is needed.

Keywords

References

  1. Andriacchi, T. P., Ogle, J. A. & Falant, J. O. (1977). Walking speed as a basis for normal and abnormal gait measurements. Journal of Biomechanics, 10, 261-268.
  2. Arangio, G. A., Reinert, K. L. & Salathe, E. P. (2004). A biomechanical model of the effect of subtalar arthroereisis on the adult flexible flat foot. Clinical Biomechanics, 19(8), 847-852. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2003.11.002
  3. Back, N. J. & Lim, M. S. (1997). The path of center of pressure (COP) of the foot during walking. Journal of Korean Academy of Rehabilitation Medicine, 21(4), 762-771.
  4. Choi, Y. E. (2008). The EMG analysis on leg muscle's activity in accordance with change of gait velocity and direction. University of Konkuk, Seoul.
  5. Chun, Y. J. & Shin, I. S. (2011). Comparison of Gait Pattern during the Support Phase after Perturbation According to Age. Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics, 21(3), 281-288. https://doi.org/10.5103/KJSB.2011.21.3.281
  6. Clarke, T. E., Frederick, E. C. & Cooper, L. B. (1983). Biomechanical measurement of running shoe cushioning properties. Biomechanical Aspects of Sport Shoes and Playing Surfaces, 25-33.
  7. Decker, M. J., Torry, M. R., Wyland, D. J., Sterett, W. I. & Steadman, J. (2003). Gender differences in lower extremity kinematic, kinetics, and energy absorption during landing. Clinical Biomechanics, 18, 662-669
  8. Diris, A., Knuttgen, J. G. & Tittel, K. T. (1988). Olympic book of sports medicine. Oxford, England, Blackwell.
  9. Dombroski, C. E., Balsdon, M. E. & Froats, A. (2014). The use of a low cost 3D scanning and printing tool in the manufacture of custom-made foot orthoses: a preliminary study. BMC Research Notes, 7(1), 443. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-7-443
  10. Dunn, J. E., Link, C. L., Felson, D. T., Crincoli, M. G., Keysor, J. J. & McKinlay, J. B. (2004). Prevalence of foot and ankle conditions in a multiethnic community sample of older adults. American Journal of Epidemiology, 159(5), 491-498. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwh071
  11. Joo, J. Y., Kim, Y. K. & Park, J. Y. (2015). Reliability of 3D-inertia measurement unit based shoes in gait analysis. Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics, 25(1), 123-130. https://doi.org/10.5103/KJSB.2015.25.1.123
  12. Kim, K. H. (2011). Biomechanical analysis of arch supprot devices on normal and low arch. University of Kyung, Busan Metropolitan City.
  13. Kim, M. Y., Moon, J. H., Kim, H. J. & Park, J. S. (1998). The changes of foot pressure distribution after orthotic shoes wearing in flatfoot. Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine, 22(1), 217-223.
  14. Kim, R. B. & Cho, J. H. (2013). An analysis on the contribution of lower limb joint according to the gender and gait velocity. Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics, 23(2), 159-167. https://doi.org/10.5103/KJSB.2013.23.2.159
  15. Kim, S. G., Ryu, Y. Y. & Kim, H. D. (2012). Research Article: The effects of Insole supporting medial longitudinal arch while walking in spastic cerebral palsy with pes planus. Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine, 7(4), 471-480. https://doi.org/10.13066/kspm.2012.7.4.471
  16. Kim, S. J. (2008). Correlation between navicular drop and first metatarsophalangeal joint dorsiflexion. University of Kyonggi, Suwon.
  17. Kim, J. T. & Park, S. H. (2005). The displacement of center of pressure during adult female gait based on the body mass. Gyeongnam Physical Education Research, 10(1), 59-65.
  18. Kiriyama, K., Warabi, T., Kato, M., Yoshida, T. & Kobayashi, N. (2004). Progression of human body sway during successive walking studied by recording sole-floor reaction forces. Neuroscience Letters, 359(1-2), 130-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2004.02.008
  19. Kitaoka, H. B., Luo, Z. P. & An, K. N. (1998). Three-dimensional analysis of flatfoot deformity: cadaver study. Foot & Ankle International, 19(7), 447-451. https://doi.org/10.1177/107110079801900705
  20. Lim, G. Y. (2015). A biomechanical analysis of flatfoot with different running speed. University of Korea National Sport, Seoul.
  21. Lee, J. H., Lee, Y. S., Lee, J. Y. & Park, S. H. (2007). Biomechanical gait analysis and simulation on the normal, cavus and flat foot with orthotics. The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers, 31(11), 1115-1123.
  22. Lee, Y. C. (2004). Foot and ankle, Seoul: Kyohak.
  23. Mann, R. A. (1993). PesCavus, sixth ed., In: Mann, R. A., Coughlin, M. J. (Eds.), Surgery of the Foot and Ankle, 1, 785-801.
  24. Magee, D. J. (2008). Orthopedic physical assessment. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders.
  25. Ohmichi, H. & Miyashita, M. (1983). Relationship between step length and selected parameters in human gait. Biomechanics, VIII, 480-484.
  26. Park, J. W., Nam, K. S. & Back, M. Y. (2005). The relationship between the plantar center of pressure displacement and dynamic balance measures in hemiplegic gait. Physical Therapy Korea, 12(1), 11-21.
  27. Park, K. R. (2006). The effect of wearing rear-balance shoes on standing posture and gait mechanics. University of Inje, Gimhea.
  28. Pinney, S. J. & Lin, S. S. (2006). Current concept review: acquired adult flatfoot deformity. Foot & Ankle International, 27(1), 66-75.
  29. Sinsurin, K., Vachalathiti, R., Jalayondeja, W. & Limroongreungrat, W. (2013). Different sagittal angles and moments of lower extremity joints during single-leg jump landing among various directions in basketball and volleyball athletes. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 25(9), 1109-1113 https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.25.1109
  30. Song, J. H. (2008). The kinematic comparative study about effects of foot orthotics. Korean Journal of Sport Science, 19(3), 11-21.
  31. Yun, J. M. (2007). The study of the Q-anlge changes with BFO (Biomechanical Foot Orthoses) in overpronators. University of Kyonggi, Suwon.
  32. Winter, D. A. (1995). ABC (anatomy, biomechanics and control) of balance during standing and walking. Waterloo Biomechanics.