Korean Journal of Environmental Biology (환경생물)

Korean Society of Environmental Biology (한국환경생물학회)
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The Change of Phytoplankton Community Structure and Water Quality in the Juksan Weir of the Yeongsan River Watershed

영산강수계 죽산보의 식물플랑크톤과 이화학적 변화

  • Son, Misun (Yeongsan River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Chung, Hyeon Su (Yeongsan River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Park, Chang Hee (Yeongsan River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Park, Jong-hwan (Yeongsan River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Lim, Cheahong (Yeongsan River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Kim, Kyunghyun (Yeongsan River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research)
  • 손미선 (국립환경과학원 영산강물환경연구소) ;
  • 정현수 (국립환경과학원 영산강물환경연구소) ;
  • 박창희 (국립환경과학원 영산강물환경연구소) ;
  • 박종환 (국립환경과학원 영산강물환경연구소) ;
  • 임채홍 (국립환경과학원 영산강물환경연구소) ;
  • 김경현 (국립환경과학원 영산강물환경연구소)
  • Received : 2018.10.10
  • Accepted : 2018.12.10
  • Published : 2018.12.31
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Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the changes in phytoplankton and long-term water quality of Juksan-Weir in Yeongsan River that took place between April 2010 and December 2015. The number of species used in this study was 288, which consisted of 6% of Cyanophyta, 26% of Bacillariophyta, 53% of Chlorophyta and the others (15%). The standing crops of phytoplankton ranged from $500cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}-29,950cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}$ with an average of $7,885cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}$. At the two site, 20 dominant genera of found. The dominant genera were 6 of Bacillariophyta, 6 of Cyanophyta, 7 of Chlorophyta and 1 of Cryptophyta. The most dominant genus among the phytoplankton was Stephanodiscus sp. (Total 59%, each 54% and 63%). The most dominant genus among the Cyanophyta was Microcystis sp., which had a cell abundance ratio of 17%. The results of two sites were 21% and 13%, and the upstream was higher than the downstream.

2010년 4월부터 2015년 12월까지 영산강 본류에 위치해 있는 죽산보의 상, 하류의 수질 및 식물플랑크톤 변화 양상을 파악하기 위해 연구를 수행하였다. 동일한 기간 동안에 두 지점 모두 평균 수온은 $17.3^{\circ}C$로 기록되었으며, 2011년부터 2014년까지는 약 $16.3^{\circ}C$를 유지하다가 2015년에 $17^{\circ}C$로 약 $0.7^{\circ}C$ 상승되었다. 조사기간 동안 식물플랑크톤의 종 조성은 총 288 분류군으로 남조류 17 분류군, 규조류 74 분류군, 녹조류 154 분류군 및 기타조류 15 분류군으로 조사되었다. 두 지점의 개체군 밀도는 $500{\sim}29,950cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}$으로 조사되었으며, Y1지점은 $850{\sim}29,725cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}$, Y2지점은 $500{\sim}29,950cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}$으로 조사되었다. 두 지점의 평균 개체군 밀도는 Y1지점이 $8,180cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}$, Y2지점이 $7,530cells{\cdot}mL^{-1}$으로 상류지점의 평균 밀도가 더 높게 조사되었다. 우점종은 규조류인 Stephanodiscus속, Aulacoseira속이 높게 나타났으며, Stephanodiscus의 우점 빈도는 59%였고, Aulaocseira 속의 우점빈도는 22%였다. 남조류의 전체속의 우점빈도는 17%였고, Y1지점이 19%로 Y2지점보다 2% 높게 나타났다. 그 중에 Microcystis속의 우점 빈도가 6%였고, Y1지점이 7%로 하류인 Y2지점보다 2% 높게 나타난 것을 확인할 수 있었다. Y1지점의 현존량 비율은 규조류가 전체의 52%, 녹조류가 24%, 남조류가 21%였고, Y2지점은 규조류 65%, 녹조류 18%, 남조류 13%로 상류 지점인 Y1지점의 남조류 현존량 비율이 더 높게 나타난 것을 볼 수 있었다. 본 연구는 식물플랑크톤의 천이 현상 및 수질요인들과의 변화에 따른 원인을 파악하고 영산강 죽산보의 특성에 대해 신뢰성 있는 데이터를 제공하기 위해 수행되었으며, 이후 수생태계 변화를 평가하는 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

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