Advances in environmental research

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Status of PM10 as an air pollutant and prediction using meteorological indexes in Shiraz, Iran

  • Masoudi, Masoud (Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shiraz University) ;
  • Poor, Neda Rajai (Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shiraz University) ;
  • Ordibeheshti, Fatemeh (Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shiraz University)
  • Received : 2017.12.05
  • Accepted : 2018.06.11
  • Published : 2018.06.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In the present study research air quality analyses for $PM_{10}$, were conducted in Shiraz, a city in the south of Iran. The measurements were taken from 2011 through 2012 in two different locations to prepare average data in the city. The averages concentrations were calculated for every 24 hours, each month and each season. Results showed that the highest concentration of $PM_{10}$ occurs generally in the night while the least concentration was found at the afternoon. Monthly concentrations of $PM_{10}$ showed highest value in August, while least value was found in January. The seasonal concentrations showed the least amounts in autumn while the highest amounts in summer. Relations between the air pollutant and some meteorological parameters were calculated statistically using the daily average data. The wind data (velocity, direction), relative humidity, temperature, sunshine periods, evaporation, dew point and rainfall were considered as independent variables. The relationships between concentration of pollutant and meteorological parameters were expressed by multiple linear regression equations for both annual and seasonal conditions SPSS software. RMSE test showed that among different prediction models, stepwise model is the best option.

Keywords

References

  1. Abdul-Wahab, S.A. and Al-Alawi, S.M. (2002), "Assessment and prediction of tropospheric ozone concentration levels using artificial neural networks", Environ. Modell. Softw., 17(3), 219-228. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-8152(01)00077-9
  2. Abdul-Wahab, S.A., Bakheit, C.S. and Al-Alawi, S.M. (2005), "Principal component and multiple regression analysis in modelling of ground-level ozone and factors affecting its concentrations", Environ. Modell. Softw., 20(10), 1263-1271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2004.09.001
  3. Asadifard, E. (2013), "Study of air pollution and its relationship with meteorological parameters in Ahvaz city", B.Sc. Project, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
  4. Asghari Esfandani, M. and Nematzadeh, H. (2016), "Predicting air pollution in Tehran: Genetic algorithm and back propagation neural network", J. AI Data Min., 4(1), 49-54.
  5. Asrari, E., Sen, P.N. and Masoudi, M. (2007), "Status of carbon mono oxide in Tehran City-Iran", Pollut. Res., 26(4), 531-535.
  6. Behzadi, F. and Sakhaei, M. (2014), "Study of Air Pollution and its relationship with meteorological parameters in Tehran city", B.Sc. Project, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
  7. Chelani, A.B., Gajghate, D.G., Tamhane, S.M. and Hasan, M.Z. (2001), "Statistical modeling of ambient air pollutants in Delhi", Water Air Soil Pollut., 132(3-4), 315-331. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013204120867
  8. Cuhadaroglu, B. and Demirci, E. (1997), "Influence of some meteorological factors on air pollution in Trabzon city", Energy Build., 25(3), 179-184. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7788(96)00992-9
  9. Cunningham, W. and Cunningham, M.A. (2002), Principles of Environmental Science Inquiry and Applications, McGraw-Hill Higher Education.
  10. Elminir, H.K. (2005), "Dependence of urban air pollutants on meteorology", Sci. Total Environ., 350(1-3), 225-237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.01.043
  11. Fleischer, N.L., Merialdi, M., Van Donkelaar, A., Vadillo-Ortega, F., Martin, R.V. and Betran, A.P. (2014), "Outdoor air pollution, preterm birth, and low birth weight: Analysis of the world health organization global survey on maternal and perinatal health", Environ. Health Persp., 122(4), 425-431. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1306837
  12. Gerami, S. (2014), "Study of air pollution and its relationship with meteorological parameters in Esfahan city", B.Sc. Project, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
  13. Guinness World Records (2013), Guinness World Records 2013, Bantam Books, 36.
  14. Ho, L.C. and Lin, W.Y. (1994), "Semi-statistical model for evaluating the effects of source emissions and meteorological effects on daily average $NO_x$ concentrations in South Taiwan", Atmos. Environ., 37(15), 2051-2059. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(03)00085-2
  15. Khader, Y., Abdelrahman, M., Abdo, N., Awad, S., Al-Sharif, M., Elbetieha, A. and Malkawi, M. (2016), "Exposure to air pollution and pregnancy outcomes in the East Mediterranean Region: A systematic review", J. Pediatr., 4(1), 1255-1271.
  16. Lam, G.C.K. and Leong, D.Y.C. (1997), "Street level concentration of $NO_x$ and suspended particulate matter in Hong Kong", Atmos. Environ., 93, 1-11.
  17. Li, L., Qian, J., Ou, C.Q., Zhou, Y.X., Guo, C. and Guo, Y. (2014), "Spatial and temporal analysis of Air Pollution Index and its timescale-dependent relationship with meteorological factors in Guangzhou, China, 2001-2011", Environ. Pollut., 190, 75-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2014.03.020
  18. Majidnezhad, V.A. (2014), "Novel hybrid method for vocal fold pathology diagnosis based on Russian language", J. AI Data Min., 2(2), 141-147.
  19. Mandal, S. (2000), "Progressive decrease of air pollution level from west to east at Calcutta", Ind. J. Environ. Protect., 20(1), 6-10.
  20. Masoudi, M., Behzadi, F. and Sakhaei, M. (2014), "Status and prediction of Ozone as an air pollutant in Tehran, Iran", Ecol. Environ. Conserv., 20(2), 775-780.
  21. Masoudi, M., Ordibeheshti, F., Rajaipoor, N. and Sakhaei, M. (2016a), "Status and preparation of prediction models for ozone as an air pollutant in Shiraz, Iran", Pollution, 2(4), 387-397.
  22. Masoudi, M., Sakhaei, M., Behzadi, F. and Jokar, P. (2016b), "Status of $PM_{10}$ as an air pollutant and its prediction using meteorological parameters in Tehran, Iran", Fresen. Environ. Bull., 25(6), 2008-2017.
  23. Mulumba, J.P., Venkataraman, S. and Afullo, T.J.O. (2015), "Modeling tropospheric ozone climatology over Irene (South Africa) using retrieved remote sensing and ground-based measurement data", J. Remote Sens. GIS, 4(3), 1-11.
  24. Ordibeheshti, F. and Rajaipoor, N. (2014), "Study of Air Pollution and its relationship with meteorological parameters in Tehran city", B.Sc. Project, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
  25. Paul, R., Kinnear, K. and Colin, O. (2002), SPSS for Windows Made Simple Release 10, Psychology Press, Tehran, Iran (in Persian).
  26. Sabah, A., Al-Rubiei, R. and Al-Shamsi, A. (2003), "A statistical model for predicting carbon monoxide levels", J. Environ. Pollut., 19(3), 209-224.
  27. Sanchez-Ccoyllo, O.R. and Andrade, M.F. (2002), "The influence of meteorological conditions on the behavior of pollutants concentrations in Sao Paulo, Brazil", Environ. Pollut., 116(2), 257-263. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0269-7491(01)00129-4
  28. Sharma, B.K. (2001), An Introduction to Environmental Pollution, Geol., Publishing House, Meerut, India, 3-208.
  29. Wang, S.M., Yu, H., Song, L., Xie, Y.C. and Zhu, Q.H. (2015), "Air quality in a mountainous city: A case study in Chongqing, China", Fresen. Environ. Bull., 24(9), 2699-2706.
  30. Yoo, J.M., Lee, Y.R., Kim, D., Jeong, M.J., Stockwell, W.R., Kundu, P.K., Oh, S.M., Shin, D.B. and Lee, S.J. (2014), "New indices for wet scavenging of air pollutants ($O_3$, CO, $NO_2$, $SO_2$, and $PM_{10}$) by summertime rain", Atmos. Environ., 82, 226-237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.10.022