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Distribution of Sedimentation Environments and Benthic Macro-fauna Communities in Habitats and Non-habitats of Zostera marina on the Yeongheung-do Tidal Flats, West Coast of Korea

한국의 서해안 영흥도 조간대의 거머리말(Zostera marina) 서식지와 비서식지에서 퇴적환경과 대형저서동물군집의 분포

  • 배종일 ((주)수중생태기술연구소) ;
  • 신현출 (전남대학교 환경생물학과) ;
  • 황성일 ((주)수중생태기술연구소) ;
  • 이정호 (안양대학교 해양바이오시스템공학과)
  • Received : 2017.06.27
  • Accepted : 2018.04.02
  • Published : 2018.06.30

Abstract

In this study, the distribution of sedimentary environment and benthic macro-fauna in habitats and non-habitats of Zostera marina were investigated. The purpose of this study was to obtain basic data about the sedimentary environment and benthic macro-fauna in the habitats and non-habitats of Z. marina. Sand was dominant within habitat environments, whereas the non-habitats were predominantly composed of silt. As a result, the habitats of Z. marina have a different grain size and organic matter content compared to the non-habitats. These differences in the sedimentary environment were expected to influence the species composition of benthic animals. Benthic communities in the habitats of Z. marina showed a higher density and a greater number of species than in the non-habitats. As a result of an ecological index evaluation, the species diversity index (H') was $3.44{\pm}0.10$ for the habitat; the non-habitat was analyzed as $2.34{\pm}0.35$. It was also found that the stability of community in the habitats was higher than that in the non-habitats. The cluster analysis also clearly showed that habitats and non-habitats of Z. marina have distinct characteristics.

이 연구는 거머리말(Zostera marina)의 서식지와 비서식지에서 퇴적환경과 대형저서동물의 분포양상을 파악하는 것을 목적으로 조사를 수행하였다. 영흥도에 서식하는 거머리말은 1월과 4월 사이에 성장을 시작하며, 7월에 급성장을 보이고 11월부터 입과 마디 탈락이 시작되고 나서 겨울에는 성장을 멈추는 것으로 판단되었다. 퇴적환경은 서식지에서 Sand와 같은 조립질 퇴적물이 우세하고, Sand와 Mud가 혼합된 퇴적 양상이 강하게 나타났으며, 비서식지에서는 Slit와 같이 세립질 퇴적물이 우세하였으며, 계절적 변화는 뚜렷하지 않았다. 그 결과로 거머리말의 서식지가 비서식지와 상이한 입도조성 및 유기물함량을 보이며, 이에 따라 대형저서동물의 종조성에도 영향을 미친 것으로 판단되었다. 대형저서동물군집은 서식지에서 비서식지에 비하여 높은 출현종수와 서식밀도를 가지는 것으로 나타났으며, 이 종조성에 기초한 생태학적제지수의 평가결과, 군집의 안정성을 나타내는 지수들이 서식지에서 높은 수치를 보였다. 특히 종풍부도지수(J)의 경우는 2배 정도의 차이를 보일 정도로 큰 차이를 나타내며, 군집의 안정성에서 거머리말 서식지가 더욱 높은 것으로 파악되었다. 집괴분석(Cluster analysis)을 수행한 결과 Similarity 50에서 2개의 정점군으로 구분할 수 있었으며, 2개의 정점군은 거머리말의 서식지와 비서식지로 구분되어 나타났다.

Keywords

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