Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association (유기물자원화)

Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association (유기성자원학회)
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A Study on Establishment of Technical Guideline of the Installation and Operation for the Biogas Utilization of Power generation and Stream - Design and Operation Guideline

바이오가스 이용 기술지침 마련을 위한 연구(III) - 기술지침(안) 중심으로

  • Moon, HeeSung (Environmental Resource Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Bae, Jisu (Environmental Resource Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Pack, Hoyeun (Environmental Resource Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Jeon, Taewan (Environmental Resource Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Lee, Younggi (Environmental Resource Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Lee, Dongjin (Environmental Resource Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research)
  • 문희성 (국립환경과학원 환경자원연구부) ;
  • 배지수 (국립환경과학원 환경자원연구부) ;
  • 박호연 (국립환경과학원 환경자원연구부) ;
  • 전태완 (국립환경과학원 환경자원연구부) ;
  • 이영기 (국립환경과학원 환경자원연구부) ;
  • 이동진 (국립환경과학원 환경자원연구부)
  • Received : 2018.03.09
  • Accepted : 2018.03.14
  • Published : 2018.06.30
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Abstract

As a guideline for desulfurization and dehumidification pretreatment facility for optimizing utilization of biogas, the $H_2S$ concentration is set at 150 % which can be treated with iron salts, dehumidification is the optimum value for generator operation, and the relative humidity applied at the utilization of biogas in EU is set at 60 %. We have set up the generator facility guidelines to optimize utilization of biogas. The appropriate amount of biogas should be at least 90 % of the total gas generation, and the capacity of generator facility should be set at 20~30 %. In order to equalize the pressure of the incoming gas the generator, a gas equalization tank should be installed and the generator room average temperature should be kept at $45^{\circ}C$ or less. Since the gas is not produced at a certain methane concentration in the digester, the efficiency is lowered. Therefore, it is required to install an air fuel ratio control system according to the change in methane concentration. Therefore, it is necessary to compensate for the disadvantages of biogasification facilities of organic waste resources and optimize utilization of biogas and improve operation of facilities. This study was conducted to optimize biogas utilization of type of organic waste(containing sewage sludge and food waste, animal manure), investigate the facilities problem and propose design, operation guidelines such as pre-treatment facilities and generators.

바이오가스 이용 최적화를 위해 탈황 및 제습 전처리시설 가이드라인으로 $H_2S$ 농도는 철염으로 처리가능한 150 ppm으로 설정하고, 제습은 발전기 운전 적정수분 값이며 EU회원국에서 바이오가스 활용 시 적용하는 상대습도 60 %로 설정하였다. 국내 바이오가스 평균 온도인 $31^{\circ}C$에서 상대습도 60 %으로 적용한다면 노점온도 $22^{\circ}C$, 절대습도 $20.57g/m^3$으로 나타낼 수 있으며, 전처리 설비가 적절히 가동된다면 가이드라인에 만족하여 바이오가스의 이용이 최적화 될 것으로 사료된다. 바이오가스 이용 최적화를 위해 발전기 설비 가이드라인을 설정하고자 하였다. 바이오가스 적정 이용량으로는 전체 가스 발생량의 90 % 이상을 이용해야하며, 발전기 시설의 용량은 여유율을 10~30 %로 설정해야 한다. 발전기에 유입가스의 압력을 균등화하기 위해서는 가스 균등조(buffer tank)를 설치하며, 발전실 평균온도는 $45^{\circ}C$이하로 유지한다. 소화조에서 일정한 메탄농도로 가스가 생성되지 않아 효율이 저하되므로 메탄농도에 변화에 따른 공기연료비 제어시스템을 설치가 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 유기성폐자원의 바이오가스 생산 및 이용을 최적화를 위해 현장시설의 정밀모니터링과 시설별 에너지수지를 분석하고, 현장문제 해결방안에 대해서 조사하여 전처리시설 및 발전기 등의 설계 및 운전 가이드라인을 제시하고자 한다.

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