Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (대한소아청소년정신의학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Internet Addiction and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Traits among Female College Students in Japan

  • Tateno, Masaru (Tokiwa Child Development Center, Tokiwa Hospital) ;
  • Tateno, Yukie (Tokiwa Child Development Center, Tokiwa Hospital) ;
  • Kamikobe, Chikara (Tokiwa Child Development Center, Tokiwa Hospital) ;
  • Monden, Ryunosuke (Tokiwa Child Development Center, Tokiwa Hospital) ;
  • Sakaoka, Oji (Tokiwa Child Development Center, Tokiwa Hospital) ;
  • Kanazawa, Junichiro (Tokiwa Child Development Center, Tokiwa Hospital) ;
  • Kato, Takahiro A. (Tokiwa Child Development Center, Tokiwa Hospital) ;
  • Saito, Takuya (Tokiwa Child Development Center, Tokiwa Hospital)
  • Received : 2018.03.10
  • Accepted : 2018.04.18
  • Published : 2018.07.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objectives: Previous studies have reported that internet addiction (IA) is associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) consistently. However, in terms of gender, there are controversial findings. We aimed to investigate the relation between IA and self-acknowledged ADHD traits among female college students in Japan. Methods: The study questionnaire consisted of questions about demographics, Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale-V1.1 Part A (ADHD screener) and Young's Internet Addiction Test (IAT). When four or more items are more frequent than the cut-off on ADHD screener, the subject was categorized into students with a positive ADHD screen. We defined students with total IAT score of 70 and higher as IA. Results: A total number of respondents was 369 (mean age: $19.0{\pm}0.7years$). Seventy-seven subjects were screened positive on ADHD screener (20.9%). Students with a positive ADHD screen scored significantly higher on the IAT ($54.2{\pm}14.2$ vs. $42.5{\pm}11.3$). The rates of IA in students with and without a positive ADHD screen were 18.2% and 1.0%, respectively. Conclusion: Results of this study demonstrated the relation between IA and self-evaluated ADHD traits among female college students in Japan. Appropriate education for students on how to use the internet properly will be necessary to prevent IA.

Keywords

References

  1. Cabinet Office Government Of Japan. Information and information communications technology. Tokyo: Japan Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications;2017.
  2. Vondrackova P, Gabrhelik R. Prevention of internet addiction: a systematic review. J Behav Addict 2016;5:568-579. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.5.2016.085
  3. Kim K, Ryu E, Chon MY, Yeun EJ, Choi SY, Seo JS, et al. Internet addiction in Korean adolescents and its relation to depression and suicidal ideation: a questionnaire survey. Int J Nurs Stud 2006;43: 185-192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2005.02.005
  4. Lam LT, Peng ZW, Mai JC, Jing J. Factors associated with internet addiction among adolescents. Cyberpsychol Behav 2009;12:551-555. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2009.0036
  5. Cao F, Su L. Internet addiction among Chinese adolescents: prevalence and psychological features. Child Care Health Dev 2007;33:275-281. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2214.2006.00715.x
  6. Park SK, Kim JY, Cho CB. Prevalence of internet addiction and correlations with family factors among South Korean adolescents. Adolescence 2008;43:895-909.
  7. Milani L, Osualdella D, Di Blasio P. Quality of interpersonal relationships and problematic internet use in adolescence. Cyberpsychol Behav 2009;12:681-684. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2009.0071
  8. Kuss DJ, Lopez-Fernandez O. Internet addiction and problematic internet use: a systematic review of clinical research. World J Psychiatry 2016;6:143-176. https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v6.i1.143
  9. Ho RC, Zhang MW, Tsang TY, Toh AH, Pan F, Lu Y, et al. The association between internet addiction and psychiatric co-morbidity: a meta-analysis. BMC Psychiatry 2014;14:183. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-14-183
  10. Kawabe K, Horiuchi F, Ochi M, Oka Y, Ueno S. Internet addiction: prevalence and relation with mental states in adolescents. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2016;70:405-412. https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.12402
  11. So R, Makino K, Fujiwara M, Hirota T, Ohcho K, Ikeda S, et al. The prevalence of internet addiction among a Japanese adolescent psychiatric clinic sample with autism spectrum disorder and/or attention- deficit hyperactivity disorder: a cross-sectional study. J Autism Dev Disord 2017;47:2217-2224. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3148-7
  12. Young KS. Caught in the net: how to recognize the signs of internet addiction - and a winning strategy for recovery. New York: Wiley;1998.
  13. Aboujaoude E. Problematic internet use: an overview. World Psychiatry 2010;9:85-90. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2051-5545.2010.tb00278.x
  14. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing;2013.
  15. Tateno M, Teo AR, Shirasaka T, Tayama M, Watabe M, Kato TA. Internet addiction and self-evaluated attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder traits among Japanese college students. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2016;70:567-572. https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.12454
  16. Wang BQ, Yao NQ, Zhou X, Liu J, Lv ZT. The association between attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and internet addiction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Psychiatry 2017;17:260. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-017-1408-x
  17. Yen JY, Yen CF, Chen CS, Tang TC, Ko CH. The association between adult ADHD symptoms and internet addiction among college students: the gender difference. Cyberpsychol Behav 2009;12:187-191. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2008.0113
  18. Kessler RC, Adler L, Ames M, Demler O, Faraone S, Hiripi E, et al. The World Health Organization Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS): a short screening scale for use in the general population. Psychol Med 2005;35:245-256. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291704002892
  19. Balconi M, Finocchiaro R. Deficit in rewarding mechanisms and prefrontal left/right cortical effect in vulnerability for internet addiction. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2016;28:272-285. https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2016.9
  20. Nie J, Zhang W, Chen J, Li W. Impaired inhibition and working memory in response to internet-related words among adolescents with internet addiction: a comparison with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Psychiatry Res 2016;236:28-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2016.01.004
  21. Sepede G, Tavino M, Santacroce R, Fiori F, Salerno RM, Di Giannantonio M. Functional magnetic resonance imaging of internet addiction in young adults. World J Radiol 2016;8:210-225. https://doi.org/10.4329/wjr.v8.i2.210
  22. Han DH, Lee YS, Na C, Ahn JY, Chung US, Daniels MA, et al. The effect of methylphenidate on internet video game play in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Compr Psychiatry 2009;50:251-256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2008.08.011
  23. Kato TA, Shinfuku N, Sartorius N, Kanba S. Are Japan's hikikomori and depression in young people spreading abroad? Lancet 2011;378:1070.
  24. Tateno M, Park TW, Kato TA, Umene-Nakano W, Saito T. Hikikomori as a possible clinical term in psychiatry: a questionnaire survey. BMC Psychiatry 2012;12:169. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-12-169
  25. Teo AR, Fetters MD, Stufflebam K, Tateno M, Balhara Y, Choi TY, et al. Identification of the hikikomori syndrome of social withdrawal: psychosocial features and treatment preferences in four countries. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2015;61:64-72. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020764014535758
  26. Tateno M, Skokauskas N, Kato TA, Teo AR, Guerrero APS. New game software (Pokemon Go) may help youth with severe social withdrawal, hikikomori. Psychiatry Res 2016;246:848-849. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2016.10.038
  27. Kato TA, Tateno M, Shinfuku N, Fujisawa D, Teo AR, Sartorius N, et al. Does the 'hikikomori' syndrome of social withdrawal exist outside Japan? a preliminary international investigation. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2012;47:1061-1075. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-011-0411-7
  28. Lee YS, Lee JY, Choi TY, Choi JT. Home visitation program for detecting, evaluating and treating socially withdrawn youth in Korea. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2013;67:193-202. https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.12043
  29. Fayyad J, De Graaf R, Kessler R, Alonso J, Angermeyer M, Demyttenaere K, et al. Cross-national prevalence and correlates of adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Br J Psychiatry 2007;190:402-409. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.106.034389
  30. Ko CH, Yen JY, Yen CF, Chen CS, Chen CC. The association between Internet addiction and psychiatric disorder: a review of the literature. Eur Psychiatry 2012;27:1-8.

Cited by

  1. Internet Addiction, Smartphone Addiction, and Hikikomori Trait in Japanese Young Adult: Social Isolation and Social Network vol.10, pp.None, 2018, https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00455