References
- Halliwell B. Antioxidant defence mechanisms: from the beginning to the end (of the beginning). Free Radic Res. 1999;31:261-272. https://doi.org/10.1080/10715769900300841
- Deponte M. Glutathione catalysis and the reaction mechanisms of glutathione-dependent enzymes. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013;1830:3217-3266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.09.018
- Rajendran P, Nandakumar N, Rengarajan T, Palaniswami R, Gnanadhas EN, Lakshminarasaiah U, et al. Antioxidants and human diseases. Clin Chim Acta. 2014;436: 332-347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2014.06.004
- Murakami K, Haneda M, Qiao S, Naruse M, Yoshino M. Prooxidant action of rosmarinic acid: transition metal-dependent generation of reactive oxygen species. Toxicol In Vitro. 2007;21: 613-617. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tiv.2006.12.005
- Yoshino M, Haneda M, Naruse M, Htay HH, Iwata S, Tsubouchi R, et al. Prooxidant action of gallic acid compoounds: copper-dependent strand breaks and the formation of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine in DNA. Toxicol In Vitro. 2002;16:705-709. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0887-2333(02)00061-9
- Sarwar T, Zafaryab M, Husain MA, Ishqi HM, Rehman SU, Rizvi MM, et al. Redox cycling of endogenous copper by ferulic acid leads to cellular DNA breakage and consequent cell death: A putative cancer chemotherapy mechanism. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2015;289:251-261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2015.09.018
- Quassinti L, Ortenzi F, Marcantoni E, Ricciutelli M, Lupidi G, Ortenzi C, Buonanno F, et al. DNA binding and oxidative DNA damage induced by climacostol-copper(II) complexes: implications for anticancer properties. Chem Biol Interact. 2013;206:109-116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbi.2013.08.007
- Bhat SH, Azmi AS, Hadi SM. Prooxidant DNA breakage induced by caffeic acid in human peripheral lymphocytes: involvement of endogenous copper and a putative mechanism for anticancer properties. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2007;218:249-255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2006.11.022
- Pang H, Wu L, Tang Y, Zhou G, Qu C, Duan JA. Chemical Analysis of the Herbal Medicine Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Danshen). Molecules. 2016;21:51. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21010051
- Tian LL, Wang XJ, Sun YN, Li CR, Xing YL, Zhao HB, et al. Salvianolic acid B, an antioxidant from Salvia miltiorrhiza, prevents 6-hydroxydopamine induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2008;40:409-422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2007.08.005
- Liu CS, Chen NH, Zhang JT. Protection of PC12 cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity by salvianolic acid B, a new compound isolated form Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae. Phytomedicine. 2007;14:492-497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2006.11.002
- Zeng W, Shan W, Gao L, Gao D, Hu Y, Wang G, et al. Inhibition of HMGB1 release via salvianolic acid B-mediated SIRT1 up-regulation protects rats against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Sci Rep. 2015; 5:16013. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep16013
- Wu HL, Li YH, Lin YH, Wang R, Li YB, Tie L, et al. Salvianolic acid B protects human endothelial cells from oxidative stress damage: a possible protective role of glucose-regulated protein 78 induction. Cardiovasc Res. 2009; 81:148-158. https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/cvn262
- Zhao GR, Zhang HM, Ye TX, Xiang ZJ, Yuan YJ, Guo ZX, et al. Characterization of the radical scavenging and antioxidant activities of danshensu and salvianolic acid B. Food Chem Toxicol. 2008;46:73-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2007.06.034
- Biaglow JE, Manevich Y, Uckun F, Held KD. Quantitation of hydroxyl radicals produced by radiation and copper-linked oxidation of ascorbate by 2-deoxy-D-ribose method. Free Radic Biol Med. 1997;22:1129-1138. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(96)00527-8
- Lloyd DR, Phillips DH. Oxidative DNA damage mediated copper(II), iron(II) and nickel(II) fenton reactions: evidence for site-specific mechanisms in the formation of double-strand breaks, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and putative intrastrand cross-links. Mutat Res. 1999;424:23-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0027-5107(99)00005-6
- Gupte A, Mumper RJ. Elevated copper and oxidative stress in cancer cells as a target for cancer treatment. Cancer Treat Rev. 2009;35:32-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctrv.2008.07.004
- Wu CF, Karioti A, Rohr D, Bilia AR, Efferth T. Production of rosmarinic acid and salvianolic acid B from callus culture of Salvia miltiorrhiza with cytotoxicity towards acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. Food Chem. 2016;201:292-297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.01.054
- Guo P, Wang S, Liang W, Wang W, Wang H, Zhao M, et al. Salvianolic acid B reverses multidrug resistance in HCT-8/VCR human colorectal cancer cells by increasing ROS levels. Mol Med Rep. 2017;15:724-730. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.6049