Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science (대한임상검사과학회지)

Korean Society for Clinical Laboratory Science (대한임상검사과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Antioxidative Effects of Cornis fructus Extract on Chromium Trioxide Toxicity

Chromium Trioxide의 독성에 대한 산수유 추출물의 항산화 효과

  • Seo, Young-Mi (Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, Wonkwang Health Science University)
  • 서영미 (원광보건대학교 간호학과)
  • Received : 2018.05.15
  • Accepted : 2018.05.28
  • Published : 2018.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study examined the antioxidative effects of Cornis fructus (CF) extract on cultured C6 glioma cells. For this purpose, cytotoxicity analysis of chromium trioxide ($CrO_3$) was performed and the protective effects of the CF extract on $CrO_3$-induced cytotoxicity was examined after the C6 glioma cells were cultured for 48 hours. The antioxidative effects, such as electron donating activity (EDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity were also analyzed. In this study, $CrO_3$ decreased the cell viability in a dose dependent manner. The $XTT_{50}$ value was determined to be $33{\mu}M$ after the cells were treated for 48 hours at a concentrations of $20{\sim}40{\mu}M$ $CrO_3$. The catalase (CAT) antioxidant increased significantly the cell viability that had been decreased by $CrO_3$-induced cytotoxicity. Regarding the protective effect of the CF extract, the cell viability of the CF extract was increased significantly compared to that of $CrO_3$ only. In addition, the CF extract showed antioxidative effects, such as EDA and an inhibitory effect on the LDH activity. These findings suggest that the cytotoxicity of $CrO_3$ is correlated with oxidative stress, and the CF extract effectively prevented $CrO_3$-induced cytotoxicity through the antioxidative effects. In conclusion, natural products, such as the CF extract may be a useful therapeutic agent for the prevention or treatment of toxicity induced by heavy metals via oxidative stress.

본 연구 목적은 산수유 추출물의 항산화 효과를 배양 C6 glioma 세포를 대상으로 조사하였다. 이 같은 목적을 위하여 C6 glioma 세포를 48시간 동안 배양한 후 6가 크롬의 세포독성 및 산수유 추출물의 방어효과를 조사하였다. 이외에 EDA 및 LDH 활성과 같은 항산화 효과를 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 $CrO_3$는 처리농도에 비례하여 세포생존율을 감소시켰다. 또한 이 과정에서 세포를 48시간 동안 20~40 uM로 각각 포함된 배양액에서 처리한 결과 $XTT_{50}$ 값은 33 uM로 나타났다. 항산화제인 CAT는 $CrO_3$로 유도된 세포독성에 의해 감소된 세포생존율을 유의하게 증가시켰다. 한편 산수유 추출물의 보호효과에 있어서, 산수유 추출물은 $CrO_3$만의 처리군에 비하여 세포생존율을 유의하게 증가시켰다. 동시에 산수유 추출물은 EDA와 LDH 활성과 같은 항산화 효과를 보였다. 이와 같은 결과로부터 $CrO_3$의 독성에 산화적 손상이 관련되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 산수유 추출물은 이의 항산화 효과에 의하여 $CrO_3$의 세포독성을 효과적으로 방어하였다. 결론적으로, 산수유 추출물과 같은 천연소재는 산화적 손상과 관련된 중금속에 의해 유발된 세포독성을 방어 내지는 치료하는데 유용한 치료적 요소의 하나로 생각된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Pattison DI, Davies MJ, Levina A, Dixon NE, Lay PA. Chromium (VI) reduction by catecholamines results in DNA cleavage in vitro: relevance to chromium genotoxicity. Chem Res Toxicol. 2001;14:500-510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/tx000229s.
  2. Tso TC, Lai HJ, Yang JL. Effects of mannitol or catalase on the generation of reactive oxygen species leading to DNA damaged by chromium (VI) reduction with ascorbate. Chem Res Toxicol. 1999;12:1002-1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/tx9802264.
  3. Zhang Q, Kluz T, Salnikow K, Costa M. Comparison of the cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, and DNA-protein induced by potassium chromate in lymphoblast cell line derived three different individuals. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2002;86:11-22. https://doi.org/10.1385/BTER:86:1:11
  4. Leonard S, Wang S, Zang L, Castranova V, Vallyathan V, Shi X. Role of molecular oxygen in the generation of hydroxyl and superoxide anion radicals during enzymatic Cr (VI)-induced carcinogenesis. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol. 2000;19:49-60.
  5. Bagchi D, Bagchi M, Stohs SJ. Chromium (VI)-induced oxidative stress, apoptosis cell death and modulation of p53 tumor suppressor gene. Mol Cell Biochem. 2001;222:149-158. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017958028256
  6. Gracia-Lopez D, Cuevas MJ, Almar M, Lima E, De-Paz JA, Gonzalez-Gallego J. Effects of eccentric exercise on NF-kB activation in blood mononuclear cells. Med Sci Sport Exerc. 2007;39:653-664. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e31802f04f6.
  7. Jung IJ. The effect of NMDA/glycin receptor antagonist, 7-chlorokynurenic acid on cultured astrocytes damaged by ischemia- like condition. J Exp Biomed Sci. 2009;15:355-362.
  8. Hah DS, Kim CH, Kim GS, Kim EG, Kim JS. Antioxidant effects of traditional medicinal plants on lipid peroxidation. Kor J Ver Res. 2005;45:341-350.
  9. Endoh M, Maiese K, Wanger J. Expression of the inducible from of nitric oxide synthase by reactive astrocytes after transient global ischemia. Brain Res. 1994;651:92-100. http://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(94)90683-1.
  10. Kim TY, Jekal SJ. Antioxidative effect of Chelidonium majus extract on cultured NIH3T3 fibroblasts injured by cadmium chloride of toxicant. Kor J Clin Lab Sci. 2016;48:1-7. http://doi.org/10.15324/kjcls. 2016.48.1.1.
  11. Peng Q, Wei Z, Lau BH. Cornis fructus enhances endothelial cell antioxidant defenses. General Pharmacol. 1998;31:221-225. http://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-3623(97)00459-X.
  12. Shahrzad SK, Aoyagi A, Winter A, Koyama I, Bitsch B. Pharmacokinetics of gallic acid and its relative bioavailability from tea in healthy humans. J Nutrition. 2001;131:1207-1210. http://doi.org/10.1093/jn/131.4.1207.
  13. Sun J, Chu YF, Wu X, Liu RH. Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of common fruits. J Agric Food Chem. 2002;50:7449-7454. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0207530
  14. Oh YL, Choi YR, Chang BS, Jung IJ. Antioxidative effect of Portulaca oleracea L. extract on allergic contact dermatitis agent, copper in cultured human skin fibroblasts. J. Invest. Cosm. 2012;8:243-249. https://doi.org/10.15810/jic.2012.8.4.004
  15. Gates MA, Tworoger SS, Hecht JL, De-Vivo I, Rosner B, Hankinson SE. A prospective study of dietary flavonoid intake and incidence of epithelial ovarian cancer. Int J Cancer. 2007; 121:2225-2232. http://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.22790.
  16. Kim MS, Seo YM, Park ST. Antioxidant effect of kaempferol on cultured human skin fibroblasts damaged by methyl mercuric chloride. J Kor Soc People Plants Environ. 2010;13:23-29.
  17. Mosmann T. Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. J Immunol Meth. 1983;65:55-63. http://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(83)90303-4.
  18. Blois MS. Antioxidant determination by the use of a stable free radical. Nature. 1958;26:1199-1200. http://doi.org/10.1038/1811199a0.
  19. Park ST, Lim KT, Chung YT, Kim SU. Methylmercury-induced neurotoxicity in cerebral neuron culture is blocked by antioxidants and NMDA receptor antagonist. Neurotoxicol. 1996;17:37-45.
  20. Borenfreund E, Puerner A. A simple quantitative procedure using monolayer culture of cytotoxicity assay (HTD/NR-90). J Tiss Cult Meth. 1985;9:7-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01666038
  21. Jung JY, Oh SK, Park SH, Yoon MY, Yu YW, Rim YS, et al. Antioxidative effect of Ajugamultiflora BUNGE extract on chromium trioxide, dermatitis inducer in cultured NIH3T3 fibroblast. J Invest Cosm. 2014;10:1-6.
  22. Lee JK, Hong GY, Park YJ, Park ST. Effect of Cornis fructus extract on the cell adhesion ability and oxidative stress in cultured NIH3T3 fibroblasts injured by hydrogen peroxide. J Kor Soc People Plants Environ. 2008;11:49-57.

Cited by

  1. Anti-Fatigue Effect of Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc. Extract in Forced Swimming Test vol.50, pp.4, 2018, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2021.50.4.315