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Analysis of Environment and Production of Tricholoma matsutake in Matsutake-infected Pine Trees

송이 감염묘를 이용한 송이 발생 및 발생환경 분석

  • Ka, Kang-Hyeon (Division of Wood Chemistry and Microbiology, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Kim, Hee-Su ;
  • Hur, Tae-Chul (Korea Forest Conservation Association) ;
  • Park, Hyun (Division of Global Forestry, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Jeon, Sung-Min ;
  • Ryoo, Rhim (Division of Wood Chemistry and Microbiology, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Jang, Yeongseon (Division of Wood Chemistry and Microbiology, National Institute of Forest Science)
  • Received : 2018.02.05
  • Accepted : 2018.02.25
  • Published : 2018.03.01

Abstract

Tricholoma matsutake (Pine mushroom) is expensive, and its artificial cultivation has been tried in several countries. Until date, the only successful cultivation of artificial pine mushroom in pine forests uses matsutake-infected pine trees. The National Institute of Forest Science in Korea has been restudying this method since 2000. Success in fruit production and reproduction was achieved in 2010 and 2017, respectively, in the same locale. The successes proved that pine mushrooms could be cultivated artificially in the field using matsutake-infected pine trees. The fruiting of pine mushroom in October 2010 occurred 6 years, 6 months after the transplantation of matsutake-infected pine trees. Five pine mushrooms reoccurred in September 2017, 13 years, 5 months and 15 years, 5 months after the transplantation of the respective matsutake-infected pine trees. The distance between the matsutake-infected pine tree and the pine mushrooms was 12 cm at 6.6 years, 90~115 cm at 13.5 years, and 95 cm at 15.5 years. Fruiting bodies occurred 13~16 days after the underground temperature declined to below $19^{\circ}C$. In conclusion, the use of matsutake-infected pine trees remains the only way to artificially cultivate pine mushrooms. More knowledge of the environmental factors affecting matsutake fruiting would be beneficial.

송이는 매우 고가의 버섯이기 때문에 세계 여러 나라에서 인공재배를 시도하고 있다. 지금까지 야외 조건에서 인공적으로 송이 발생을 성공시킨 예는 송이 감염묘를 이용한 방법뿐이다. 국립산림과학원은 2000년부터 송이 감염묘 방법을 다시 연구하여 2010년과 2017년에 각각 송이 발생 재현에 성공하였다. 이 결과는 송이 감염묘를 이용하여 송이가 인공재배 가능하다는 것을 입증한 것이며, 세계 최초로 송이 인공재배가 성공한 사례가 된다. 송이 감염묘 이식 후 6년 6개월만인 2010년 10월에 송이가 처음 발생하였다. 그리고 또 다시 송이 감염묘 이식 후 13년 5개월 또는 15년 5개월이 경과된 시점인 2017년 9월에 송이 5개가 재 발생하였다. 송이 감염묘 소나무와 발생한 송이 사이의 거리는 12 cm (6.6년), 90~115 cm (13.5년), 95 cm (15.5년)으로 나타났다. 송이 버섯 발생은 지온이 $19^{\circ}C$이하로 떨어진 이후 13~16일 사이에서 관찰되었다. 결론적으로 송이 감염묘법은 송이를 인공재배 할 수 있는 현재까지의 유일한 방법으로, 앞으로도 송이 자실체 발생에 영향을 끼치는 환경 인자들을 지속적으로 연구할 필요가 있다.

Keywords

References

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