Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene (한국산업보건학회지)

Korean Industrial Hygiene Association (한국산업보건학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Study on the Development of a Health Risk Assessment Method for the Management of the Health Environment of Residents Living Around Areas Affected by Chemical Accidents

화학사고 주변 지역 거주자의 보건환경 관리를 위한 건강위해성 평가 방법 개발에 관한 연구

  • Received : 2017.11.29
  • Accepted : 2018.02.26
  • Published : 2018.03.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objectives: This research is part of a study to be conducted over five years starting from 2017 by the Ministry of Environment on the development of technologies to evaluate the impact of chemical accidents on the human body. Methods: For this research, a five-stage specific study method was developed. Results: In brief, the developed health risk assessment method can be summarized as follows. First, a health risk assessment system was built based on the guidelines set forth by the USA NRC/NAS. Second, based on the disease manifestation theory, the health risk assessment method was divided into 1) a carcinogenic health risk assessment method focused on all carcinogens except non-genotoxic carcinogens and 2) a non-carcinogenic health risk assessment method focused on noncarcinogens including non-genotoxic carcinogens. Third, the detailed contents of the health risk assessment method were developed in four stages(hazard identification, dose-response assessment, exposure assessment, and risk determination) through theoretical consideration of the assessment of the level of health risk related to chemical exposure. Finally, a health risk assessment methodology, classified into stages to address acute, subacute/subchronic, and chronic conditions was developed after considering the physicochemical behavior of hazardous chemicals upon implementation of countermeasures after a chemical accident. Conclusions: A method to evaluate the health risks related to toxic chemicals generated by chemical accidents was developed. This study was performed with the purpose of developing a mathematical health risk assessment method to evaluate the health effects of exposure to hazardous chemicals upon implementation of emergency countermeasures after chemical accidents.

Keywords

References

  1. Chae H, Kim HK, Kim S, Pyo H, Hong J. Analysis and risk assessment of formaldehyde in water purification plant in Korea. Aanl Sci Technol 2009; 22(5):386-394
  2. Choi BW, Jung JH, Choi WJ, Jeon CJ, Shon BH. Distribution characteristics of ambient heavy metals based on the emission sources and their carcinogenic risk assessment in Ulsan, Korea. J Environ Health Sci 2006;32(5):522-531
  3. Choi H, Park SK, Lee BN, Kim M. Risk assessment of lead and cadmium through mushrooms. KOREAN J FOOD SCI TECHNOL 2012;44(6):666-672 https://doi.org/10.9721/KJFST.2012.44.6.666
  4. Choi IW, Lee JS, Lim DG, Ryu HR, Kim TH et al. A study characteristic on indoor air quality and health risk assessment in medical facility. J Korean Soc Indoor Environ 2013;10(2):115-128 https://doi.org/10.11597/jkosie.2013.10.2.115
  5. Choi JY, Kim K. Distribution and potential human risk assessment of trace metals in benthic fish collected from the offshore of Busan, Korea. Journal of J Korean Soc Environ Eng 2015;37(6):349-356 https://doi.org/10.4491/KSEE.2015.37.6.349
  6. Choi JH, Woo HI, Jeong YJ, Noh HH, Kyung KS et al. Risk assessment of the exposure to Rotenone in Lettuce and Cucumber. Korean J Pestic Sci 2013;17(4):302-306 https://doi.org/10.7585/kjps.2013.17.4.302
  7. Choi JY, Yang DB, Hong GH, Chung CS, Kim KR et al. Potential human risk assessment of PCBs and OCPs in edible fish collected from the offshore of Busan. J Korean Soc Environ Eng 2012;34(12):810-820 https://doi.org/10.4491/KSEE.2012.34.12.810
  8. Choi SN, Lee HM, Yoon EK, Suh KW, Kim HJ et al. A cancer risk assessment of Di(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate- application of MOE(Margin of Exposure) approach. J Toxicol Pub Health 2002;18(1):99-106
  9. Chun KS, Kim SB, Ahn SR, Park YS, Park CH. Chemical accident response information systems improvement risk assessment research. Korean Journal of Hazardous Materials 2013;1(1):69-74
  10. Chung Y, Hwang MS, Yang GY, Jo S. Health risk assessment of lead exposure through multi-pathways in Korea. EHT 1999;14(4):203-216
  11. Chung Y, Shin DC, Yang JY, Park YS, Kim JS. Health risk assessment of disinfection by - products by chlorination in tap water ingestion. EHT 1997;12(2):31-41
  12. Han S, Lee J, Kim H, Seo K. Prior research and case study on overseas assessment models for developing risk assessment model on domestic customer products. Journal of Applied Reliability 2015;15(3):207-215
  13. Heo EH, Jang BK, Park HG, Won JS, Ryu JW et al. Concentration of airborne asbestos fiber in indoor and outdoor environment of a slate roofing house, and health risk assessment. J Odor Indoor Envrion 2017;16(1):80-90
  14. Heo J, Lee BJ, Jung DY, Kim SS, Shai J et al. Risk assessment and influence factors of VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds) exposures associated with the use of the cleaning bleach by university cleaning workers. J Odor Indoor Envrion 2016;15(4):296-302 https://doi.org/10.15250/joie.2016.15.4.296
  15. Hong JE, Pyo H, Park SJ. The analysis of 1,4-dioxane in water sample by gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer and risk assessment. EHT 2003;18(3):219-224
  16. Hong S, Jeong M, Park KH, You AS, Park YK et al. (2010) The preliminary operator risk assessment of high toxicological pesticides in Korea. Korean J Pestic Sci 2010;14(2):116-122
  17. Hong S, You AS, Jeong M, Park KH, Park JY et al. (2013) Risk assessment of pesticide operator using modified UK-POEM in Korean orchard. Korean J Pestic Sci 2013;17(1):50-59 https://doi.org/10.7585/kjps.2013.17.1.50
  18. Jang MR, Moon HK. Kim TR, Yuk DH, Kim JH et al. Dietary risk assessment for pesticide residues of vegetables in Seoul, Korea. Korean J Nutr 2010;43(4):404-412 https://doi.org/10.4163/kjn.2010.43.4.404
  19. Jeong GJ, Son BY, Lee IJ, Ahn CH, Kim JI et al. Distribution and risk assessment of Bisphenol-A in tap water from rehabilitated indoor water service pipe. J Korean Soc Environ Eng 2016;38(7):371-376 https://doi.org/10.4491/KSEE.2016.38.7.371
  20. Jo SJ, Shin DC, Chung Y, Lee DH, Breysse PN. The development of exposure assessment tools for risk assessment of volatile organic compounds. Korean J Environ Toxicol 2002;17(2):147-160 https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.10045
  21. Jung SW, Yang WH, Son BS. Health risk assessment by potential exposure of NO2 and VOCs in apartments. J Environ Health Sci 2007;33(4):242-249
  22. Kim EH, Hwang YJ, Kim SH, Lee HR, Hong SS et al. Operator exposure to Indoxacarb wettable powder and water dispersible granule during mixing/loading and risk assessment. Korean J Pestic Sci 2012;16(4):343-349 https://doi.org/10.7585/kjps.2012.16.4.343
  23. Kim HY, Lim YW, Lee CS, Kim TH, Park JH et al. Health risk assessment of VOCs in the activities space of children : Focused on elementary-schools and academies. J Korean Soc Indoor Environ 2011;8(4):263-274
  24. Kim HY, Lim YW, Lee CS, Park JH, Hong SH et al. Health risk assessment of trace elements exposure through multi-pathways in children's facilities : focused on elementary-schools and academies. J Korean Soc Indoor Environ 2012;9(3):213-228
  25. Kim HY. Working environment and risk assessment of gasoline in workplace. KIGAS 2014;18(4):1-7
  26. Kim HY, Yang JY, Park CS, Park JH, Sohn JR et al. Health risk assessment of VOCs and HCHO in the public facilities under uncontrolled Korean-IAQ regulation : focused on hotel, fitness center, gosiwon, reading-room and video-room. J Korean Soc Indoor Environ 2011;8(3):157-169
  27. Kim HY, Yang JY, Park CS, Shin DC, Sohn JY et al. Health risk assessment of VOCs in the public facilities under uncontrolled Korean-IAQ regulation. J Korean Soc Indoor Environ 2007;4(1):42-52
  28. Kim HY, Yang JY, Lee CS, Park JH, Shin DC et al. Health risk assessment for aldehydes exposure associated with elementary-schools and academies. J Korean Soc Indoor Environ 2012;9(1):19-31
  29. Kim HY, Yang JY, Lee YJ, Lee CS, Lee GW et al. Health risk assessment of phthalate exposure in children's facilities : focused on elementary-schools and institutes. J Korean Soc Indoor Environ 2012;9(4):367-381 https://doi.org/10.11597/jkosie.2012.9.4.367
  30. Kim MH, Yang WH. Risk assessment and air pollution by the open burning of agricultural waste and residues. J Environ Health Sci 2007;33(1):30-35
  31. Kim MK, Bae HK, Kim SH, Song SH, Koo HJ et al. Initial risk assessment of benzoyl peroxide in environment. J 2004;19(1):33-40
  32. Kim MS, Choi K, Kim Y, Yi J. Risk assessment for health and environmental hazards of nanomaterials. Clean Technolgy 2007;13(3):161-172
  33. Kim WI, Cho YA, Kim MS, Lee JY, Kang YY et al. Study on the methods of risk assessment of human exposure by using of PVC flooring. Aanl Sci Technol 2014;27(5):261-268 https://doi.org/10.5806/AST.2014.27.5.261
  34. Kim YS, Park HS, Lee YJ, Kim YS, Yang JY et al. Excess cancer risk and its damage cost due to indoor air pollution in Seoul. J Korean Soc Indoor Environ 2005;1(2):196-209
  35. Kim YS, Roh YM, Lee CM, Jang BK. Health risk assessment of exposure to indoor air pollutants in house. J Korean Soc Indoor Environ 2006;3(2):180-198
  36. Kong JS, Kim Y. Indoor radon risk assessment by applying measurement concentrations and exposure times for military facilities and underground shopping malls near subway stations. J Environ Health Sci 2016;42(5):345-351
  37. Lee BM. Application of biomarkers for the assessment of carcinogen exposure and cancer risk. Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens 1999;19(2):95-101
  38. Lee BM. Safety and risk assessment of 3 - Monochloro - 1,2 - Propanediol(3-MCPD). J Toxicol Pub Health 2002;18(1):1-11
  39. Lee CM, Kim YS. Analysis of research trend for indoor air pollutants and health risk assessment in public facilities. J Korean Soc Indoor Environ 2004;1(1):39-60
  40. Lee DS, Lim YW. A study on air quality and risk assessment of total. J Korea Society of Environmental Adminstration 1997a;3:142-153
  41. Lee GH. Microbial risk assessment. Korean Journal of Microbiology 2001;37(2):101-108
  42. Lee JB, Shin JS, Jeong MH, Park YK, Im GJ et al. Operator exposure risk assessment of Benzimidazole fungicides on Korean agricultural condition. Korean J Pestic Sci 2005;9(4):347-353
  43. Lee JB, Shin JS, Lee HD, Jeong M, You A et al. Risk assessment for estorgenic effect of the suspected endocrine disrupting pesticides. Korean J Pestic Sci 2004;8(2):95-102
  44. Lee JY, Kim JH, Kim HK, Choi JH, Kim SK et al. Monitoring and risk assessment of 1,4-Dioxane in Nakdong river. Aanl Sci Technol, 2008;21(5):383-391
  45. Lee MG, Lee SR. (1997b) Reduction factors and risk assessment of organophosphorus pesticides in Korean foods. KOREAN J FOOD TECHNOL 1997b;29(2):240-248
  46. Lee WY, Jeon EM, Rho YK, Yoo SS, Yun JS et al. A study on health risk assessment of volatile organic compounds in child-care center. J Odor Indoor Envrion 2014;13(4):297-305 https://doi.org/10.15250/joie.2014.13.4.297
  47. Lim YW, Yang JY, Jung JS, Lee YJ, Kim JY et al. Health and ecological risk assessment of PCBs-exposure by regulation guideline change. EHT 2008;23(1):53-62
  48. Lim YW, Yang JY, Kim HY, Lee YG, Kim YS et al. Health risk assessment in ternms of VOCs at newly-built apartment house. J Korean Soc Indoor Environ 2006;3(2):211-223
  49. Lim TY, Lee SW, Park MJ, Lee SH, Kim SO. Comparative study on the human risk assessment of heavy metal contamination between two abandoned metal mines in Korea. J Korean Soc Environ Eng 2015;37(11):619-630 https://doi.org/10.4491/KSEE.2015.37.11.619
  50. MFDS (Ministry of Food and Drug Safety). Medical analysis term explanation Second Edition. 2011.
  51. MoE (Minisity of Eenvironment). Exposure assessment guidelines. 2001.
  52. NRC (National Research Council) Risk assessment in the Federal Government : Management the process. National Academy Press, Washington; 1993.
  53. Park EJ, Kang M, You DE, Kim DS, Yu SD et al. Health risk assessment of heavy metals in fine particles collected in Seoul metropolitan area. Environmental Health and Toxicology 2005;20(2):179-186
  54. Park JS, Kim DS, Chung HW. Analysis of uncertainty and variability in environmental epidemiology and health risk assessment studies in Korea. Korean Journal of Environmental Health 2003;29(5):101-109
  55. Park MK, Choi JH, Park MK, Son BS. Health risk assessment for heavy metal exposure in the living environment. Journal of Odor and Indoor Environment 2016;15(4):392-400 https://doi.org/10.15250/joie.2016.15.4.392
  56. Pyo HS, Park SJ. Environmental analysis & human health risk assessment (I) - analysis & risk assessement of chiorinated disinfection by-products in drinking water -. Anal Sci Technol 2000;13(6):89-96
  57. RIVM (National Institute for Public Health and the Environment) Human risk assessment of single exposure in chemical incidents: Present situation and emerging chemical incident scenarios. RIVM Report 320300001; 2013.
  58. Ryu KY, Shim SL, Hwang IM, Jung MS, Jun SN et al. Arsenic speciation and risk assessment of Hijiki (Hizikia Fusiforme) by HPLC-ICP-MS. Korean J Food Sci & Tech 2009;41(1):1-6
  59. Seo JK, Kim TS, Jo AR, Kim PJ, Choi KH. Human Risk Assessment of Perchloroethylene Considering Multi-media Exposure. J Environ Health Sci 2014;40(5):397-406
  60. Shin DC, Lim YW, Park SE, Chung Y. Assessment of Health Risk Posed by Organic Substances of Suspended Particulate Matters in a Heavy Traffic Area of Seoul. J KAPRA 1996;12(5):567-576
  61. Shin DC, Chung Y, Kim JM, Lim YW. Carcinogenic risk assessment of heavy metals in suspended particulates of Seoul. J Korean Soc Atmos Environ 1994;10(2):105-115
  62. US EPA (United State Environmental Protection Agency). Guidelines for the health risk assessment of chemical mixtures. Federal Registe 34014; 1986.
  63. US EPA (United State Environmental Protection Agency). Risk Assessment guidance for superfund(RAGS) : volume I, human health evaluation manual(HHEM). Office of emergency and remedial response, EPA/540/1-89-002; 1989.
  64. US EPA (United State Environmental Protection Agency). Volume I - General factors handbook, Exposure factors handbook, updated to 1989 Exposure factors handbook. National Center for Environmental Assessment, EPA/ 600/P-95/002Fa, Chapter I and V; 1997.
  65. US EPA (United State Environmental Protection Agency). Proposed guidelines for carcinogen risk assessment. Federal Register 1999;61(79):17960-18011
  66. Washbum, ST, Edelmann, KG. Development of risk-based remediation strategies. J hazard toxic radioact waste 1999;3(2):77-82 https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-025X(1999)3:2(77)
  67. Yang JY, Kim HY, Yang SH, Kim SD, Lee CS et al. Health risk assessment of trace elements exposure through multi pathways in children’s facilities. J Korean Soc Indoor Environ 2011;8(1):20-38
  68. Yoon E, Yang HS, Park CH, Jo MS, Kim SB et al. Major policies and current status of Ministry of Environment(MoE) for the response to chemical accidents. Crisisonomy 2007;3(2):18-29
  69. Yoon HJ, Seo JK, Kim TS, Jo AR, Kim JG et al. Accumulation of microcystins in fish and evaluation of potential human health risks : A case study on a eutrophic reservoir in korea. J Environ Health Sci 2016;42(1):10-18
  70. You AS, Hong SS, Lee JB, Lee SD, Ihm YB. Application of oral absorption in establishment of AOEL for pesticides and occupational risk assessment for farm worker. KJPS 2014;18(4):342-349 https://doi.org/10.7585/kjps.2014.18.4.342
  71. You JS, Chung YJ. Case Analysis of the Harmful Chemical substances's Spill. Fire Sci Eng 2014;28(6):90-98 https://doi.org/10.7731/KIFSE.2014.28.6.090